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328 results for “cichlid fish”

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Whole genome resequencing data enables a targeted SNP panel for conservation and aquaculture of Oreochromis cichlid fishes

Cichlid fish of the genus Oreochromis form the basis of the global tilapia aquaculture and fisheries industries. Broodstocks for aquaculture are often collected from wild populations, which in Africa may be from locations containing multiple Oreochromis species. However, many species are difficult to distinguish morphologically, hampering efforts to maintain good quality farmed strains. Additionally, non-native farmed tilapia populations are known to be widely distributed across Africa and to hybridize with native Oreochromis species, which themselves are important for capture fisheries. The morphological identification of these hybrids is particularly unreliable. Here, we describe the development of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping panel from whole-genome resequencing data that enables targeted species identification in Tanzania. We demonstrate that an optimized panel of 96 genome-wide SNPs based on FST outliers performs comparably to whole genome resequencing in distinguishing species and identifying hybrids. We also show this panel outperforms microsatellite-based and phenotype-based classification methods. Case studies indicate several locations where introduced aquaculture species have become established in the wild, threatening native Oreochromis species. The novel SNP markers identified here represent an important resource for assessing broodstock purity in hatcheries and helping to conserve unique endemic biodiversity.

opencc-zeroDec 2021View details →

zenodo28/100

Fig. 2. a in Revision of the African cichlid fish genus Ctenochromis (Teleostei, Cichliformes), including a description of the new genus Shuja from Lake Tanganyika and the new species Ctenochromis scatebra from northern Tanzania

Fig. 2. a. Ruvu River where specimens of Ctenochromis pectoralis Pfeffer, 1893 were collected. b. Chemka Springs where specimens of C. scatebra Genner, Ngatunga & Turner sp. nov. were collected.

opencc-by-4.0May 2022View details →

zenodo28/100

Linked collectors and determiners for: Revision of the African cichlid fish genus Ctenochromis (Teleostei, Cichliformes), including a description of the new genus Shuja from Lake Tanganyika and the new species Ctenochromis scatebra from northern Tanzania.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Revision of the African cichlid fish genus Ctenochromis (Teleostei, Cichliformes), including a description of the new genus Shuja from Lake Tanganyika and the new species Ctenochromis scatebra from northern Tanzania". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/02a5d778-d054-4731-b306-6906c0f9a425">https://bionomia.net/dataset/02a5d778-d054-4731-b306-6906c0f9a425</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/02a5d778-d054-4731-b306-6906c0f9a425">https://gbif.org/dataset/02a5d778-d054-4731-b306-6906c0f9a425</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

opencc-zeroJan 2024View details →

dryad28/100

Data from: The ecological and genetic basis of convergent thick-lipped phenotypes in cichlid fishes

The evolution of convergent phenotypes is one of the most interesting outcomes of replicate adaptive radiations. Remarkable cases of convergence involve the thick-lipped phenotype found across cichlid species flocks in the East African Great Lakes. Unlike most other convergent forms in cichlids, which are restricted to East Africa, the thick-lipped phenotype also occurs elsewhere, e.g. in the Central American Midas Cichlid assemblage. Here we use an ecological genomic approach to study the function, the evolution and the genetic basis of this phenotype in two independent cichlid adaptive radiations on two continents. We applied phylogenetic, demographic, geometric morphometric and stomach-content analyses to an African (Lobochilotes labiatus) and a Central American (Amphilophus labiatus) thick-lipped species. We found that similar morphological adaptations occur in both thick-lipped species and that the 'fleshy' lips are associated with hard-shelled prey in the form of mollusks and invertebrates. We then used comparative Illumina RNA sequencing of thick versus normal lip tissue in East African cichlids and identified a set of 141 candidate genes that appear to be involved in the morphogenesis of this trait. A more detailed analysis of six of these genes led to three strong candidates: Actb, Cldn7 and Copb. The function of these genes can be linked to the loose connective tissue constituting the fleshy lips. Similar trends in gene expression between African and Central American thick-lipped species appear to indicate that an overlapping set of genes was independently recruited to build this particular phenotype in both lineages.

opencc-zeroDec 2011View details →

dryad28/100

Data from: Reproduction and maternal care increases oxidative stress in a mouthbrooding cichlid fish

Investment in reproduction and post-zygotic parental care is an energetically costly, yet fundamental aspect of the life history strategies in many species. Recently, oxidative stress has received attention as a potential mediator in the trade-off between reproduction, growth and survival. During activities that increase metabolic activity, such as providing offspring care, an overproduction of reactive oxygen species can occur that cannot be counteracted by antioxidants, leading to oxidative stress and tissue damage. Here, we investigated the oxidative costs of reproduction and maternal care over the course of the reproductive cycle in a mouthbrooding cichlid fish within socially stable and unstable environments. We manipulated social stability by disrupting the habitat in socially unstable tanks. We expected to see an increase in the burden of maternal care within unstable environments due to increased male harassment of females as a byproduct of increased male-male aggression. We found that brooding females have higher levels of oxidative stress than non-brooding females and oxidative stress fluctuates throughout the reproductive cycle. These fluctuations were driven by a spike in reactive oxygen metabolites at the beginning of brood care followed by an increase in antioxidant defense. Surprisingly, the link between reproduction and oxidative stress was not different between females from stable or unstable environments. Our study illustrates a more complete picture of the physiological costs of reproduction and parental care throughout different stages of care rather than a simplistic end-point observation of how reproduction and parental care affect an individual.

opencc-zeroJul 2019View details →

zenodo28/100

Fig. 7 in Ecology and life history of an Amazon floodplain cichlid: the discus fish Symphysodon (Perciformes: Cichlidae)

Fig. 7. Length vs. weight plots for Symphysodon haraldi specimens parasitized with the isopod gill parasite Braga cichlae, and unparasitized specimens. All specimens are from a single colony of discus in Uxi Bay, lago Amanã.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2008View details →

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Fig. 4 in Ecology and life history of an Amazon floodplain cichlid: the discus fish Symphysodon (Perciformes: Cichlidae)

Fig. 4. (right column) Testes and ovaries of Symphysodon haraldi at advancing stages of gonadal development. Photographs are from freshly sacrificed and dissected specimens, with the gonads outlined for clarity. The following modified version of Nikolsky's scale of reproductive maturity was utilized: 0. (immature): gonads thin and transparent; sex determination not possible (not illustrated). 1. (early development or resting): testes thin and translucent; ovaries thin and translucent-pink with transparent eggs. 2. (maturing): testes translucent white; ovaries enlarged with white eggs. 3. (mature): testes thick and white; ovaries enlarged with largest eggs yellow. 4. (pre-spawning): testes swollen and sperm-positor everted; ovaries swollen with largest eggs orange, swollen and approximately 1.4 mm in diameter, ovipositor everted. 5. (spent): testes flaccid; ovaries flac- cid with scattered eggs of various size classes (not illustrated).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2008View details →

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Fig. 2 in Ecology and life history of an Amazon floodplain cichlid: the discus fish Symphysodon (Perciformes: Cichlidae)

Fig. 2. (a) Flood level and (b) electrical conductivity (EC) monitored in lago Amanã during the period 1995-1998. The timing of sampling in Uxi Bay is marked by A (1998) and B (1997). Dotted horizontal lines mark where shore-scrub (4m) and higher portions of blackwater igapó forest (10m) are inun- dated (Fig. 1). Dotted circles are speculated spawning events for the putative cohort groups 1a through 3 (refer to Fig. 8).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2008View details →

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