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Table 3 in Fission track dating of obsidian source samples from the Willaumez Peninsula, Papua New Guinea and eastern Australia
<p>Table 3. Results of fission track dating of Australian obsidian samples; ns' nj+s represent the number of spontaneous and induced+spontaneous tracks being counted, respectively. See Table 2 for constants. (*) In this case the corrected age is determined by using the correction curve of sample AU602.</p><table><tbody><tr><th></th><th>spontaneous</th><th></th><th>induced</th><th>neutron</th><th></th><th>apparentheatingcorrected</th></tr><tr><th>sample</th><th>ns trackdensity (t) (x104tcm-2)</th><th>lli+s (t)</th><th>trackdensity (x105tcm-2)</th><th>fluence (X1015 ncm-2)</th><th>Ds/Di</th><th>age±0" (Ma)</th><th>hours at 140°C</th><th>age±0" (Ma)</th></tr><tr><th>Far North Queensland (FNQ)</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>AU602</th><td>2533 8.17±0.16</td><td>3736</td><td>3.51 ±0.07</td><td>2.431 ±0.016</td><td>0.63 ±0.06</td><td>33.9± 1.1</td><td>60</td><td>86.9±3.8</td></tr><tr><th>AU603</th><td>1390 7.25 ± 0.19</td><td>3666</td><td>3.23 ±0.07</td><td>2.431 ± 0.016</td><td>0.54 ± 0.05</td><td>32.7 ± 1.3</td><td>(*)</td><td>88.5 ± 9.0</td></tr><tr><th>AU612</th><td>278 10.86±0.65</td><td>1002</td><td>4.13 ±0.15</td><td>2.431 ±0.016</td><td>0.68±0.07</td><td>38.2±3.2</td><td>(*)</td><td>92.3 ± 10.6</td></tr><tr><th>AU662</th><td>122 4.24±0.38</td><td>608</td><td>1.69 ±0.09</td><td>1.644 ±0.014</td><td>0.53 ±0.10</td><td>24.7 ± 3.1</td><td>70</td><td>85.5 ± 5.9</td></tr><tr><th>New South Wales (NSW</th></tr><tr><th>AUlOl</th><td>273 2.32±</td><td>0.14</td><td>8982.57</td><td>±0.092.431</td><td>±0.016</td><td>0.79±0.06</td><td>13.1</td><td>TODO</td></tr><tr><th>AUl02</th><td>95 1.48±</td><td>0.15</td><td>7602.23</td><td>±0.092.431</td><td>0.016</td><td>TODO</td><td>9.7</td><td>TODO</td></tr></tbody></table>
Dalarna län 14C dates and KDE .txt results
<p>Excel file of complied archaeological 14C dates and associated data for Dalarna län, Sweden</p> <p>OxCal KDE .txt files for analysis run on data</p> <p> </p>
Results files for "End-to-end Bayesian analysis for summarizing sets of radiocarbon dates"
<p>These are the results files for the following peer-reviewed article:</p> <p>Price, M.H., J.M. Capriles, J. Hoggarth, R.K. Bocinsky, C.E. Ebert, and J.H. Jones, (2021). End-to-end Bayesian analysis for summarizing sets of radiocarbon dates. Journal of Archaeological Science.</p> <p>They were generated inside a Docker container as outlined in the README of this github repository:</p> <p>https://github.com/MichaelHoltonPrice/price_et_al_tikal_rc</p> <p>The analyses rely on an R package located in this github repository:</p> <p>https://github.com/eehh-stanford/baydem</p> <p>For the results archived here, the commits for each repository are:</p> <pre>price_et_al_tikal_rc 3ac1e35f4277ef878f8e3aac3d05159928a09a2b baydem 1220a60a860633b51f9f07cbff3eb78f458efc1a</pre>
ICDAR 2021 Historical Document Classification Dataset for Task 2 - Dating
<p>Dataset for the localization classification task of the ICDAR 2021 Competition on Historical Document Classification competition. The tar.gz file contains the images and ground truth file (CSV format). The metadata csv file contains information, such as where the image comes from.</p>
Parturition date of roe deer in Baden-Württemberg (Southern Germany) 1972/2019
<p>The table contains information about each parturition date. The columns read as: 1) the year were the offspring was born, 2) the sex of the offspring (m- male, f – female), 3) the height above sea level (m), 4) the parturition date (Julian date)<br> <br> Data of the table was used/published in the following article/manuscript: Hagen, Robert; Ortmann, Sylvia; Elliger, Andreas; Arnold, Janosch, <strong>Advanced roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) parturition date in response to climate change</strong></p>
Large-scale supplemental feeding alters lay date and nest survival in Eastern Bluebirds but not in two species of chickadees
<p>Wild bird feeding is a popular and growing activity, with approximately half of households participating in nations including the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, New Zealand, and Australia. Supplemental feeding can increase survival and reproductive success of birds (which is often a goal of supplemental feeding efforts), but it raises concerns about phenological mismatch, reduced clutch size, or increased risk of nest predation. Our objectives were to test whether access to supplemental food during the breeding season was correlated with (1) advanced egg-laying phenology, (2) increased clutch size, or (3) improved nest survival of 3 cavity-nesting species (Carolina Chickadee, <i>Poecile carolinensis</i>; Black-capped Chickadee, <i>P. atricapillus</i>; and<i> </i>Eastern Bluebird, <i>Sialia</i> <i>sialis</i>) at a large spatial scale (United States and Canada; 22 degrees latitude difference and 55 degrees longitude difference). We examined data from 24,528 nest attempts submitted to NestWatch from 2014–2019. For Eastern Bluebirds, birds with access to supplemental insects initiated clutches 5.83 (± 0.89 SE) days earlier than birds without access to food subsidies, while predicted nest survival was 5% greater for birds with access to supplemental insects (probability of nest success = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.77–0.81) when compared to birds without (0.74, 95% CI = 0.72–0.75). Clutch size of Eastern Bluebirds did not differ between birds with and without access to supplemental insects. For chickadees, supplemental feeding (of seeds, suet, insects, or fruit) was not correlated with phenology, clutch size, or nest survival. <span>Our results suggest that supplemental feeding of insects can be an effective tool for increasing nest survival in Eastern Bluebirds and potentially other food-limited insectivores. However, the efficacy of supplemental feeding for improving reproductive success varies across <a>taxa</a></span><span>. </span>Our results can help elucidate how wild bird feeding contributes to global phenomena such as earlier nesting, nest survival, and population <a>change</a>.</p>
Source data for "Date of introduction and epidemiologic patterns of SARS-CoV-2 in Mogadishu, Somalia: estimates from transmission modelling of satellite-based excess mortality data in 2020"
<p>Source data for the model fitting code at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5525349, accompanying the article "<em>Date of introduction and epidemiologic patterns of SARS-CoV-2 in Mogadishu, Somalia: estimates from transmission modelling of satellite-based excess mortality data in 2020</em>"</p>
Data from: Inter-annual climate variation influences nest initiation date and nest productivity of the Red-cockaded Woodpecker at the northwestern edge of its range
<p>Climate change, including directional shifts in weather averages and extremes and increased inter-annual weather variation, is influencing demograhy and distributions for many bird species. We examined how temperature and precipitation coinciding with multiple nesting seasons affected overall nesting success and productivity for two red-cockaded woodpecker (<em>Dryobates borealis,</em> RCW) populations at the species' northwestern range periphery. We used 26 years of nesting data (1991-2016) from the two RCW populations to determine if inter-annual weather variation has affected nesting pehnology and productivity. We conducted analyses at both broad nesting periods (30 and 60 days before nesting; 40 days overalpping the nesting period up to fledging) and short windows to capture the effects of temperature and precipitation extremes on individual nests. For both RCW populations, warmer early spring temperatures generally advanced nesting and increased clutch size and fledgling number. However, effects of average precipitation varied depending on amount and duration of precipitation in different time periods. At the nest level, temperature and precipitation extremes were unrelated to nest success and loss of nestlings (brood loss). Our results indicate that RCWs are responding to the effects of climate change in various ways, with warming trends having a positive benefit on the species at its northwestern range periphery.</p>
Male diversity matters: Genetic structuring of insular male date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) revealed valuable breeding and conservation resources
Most male date palms available for pollinating different female cultivars have mainly originated from seed propagation resulting in many different local males that represent a source of genetic diversity. Favorable fruit production is related to quality of pollen and its compatibility with a certain female variety. Therefore, the genetic characterization of the male pollen as a superior one for each female cultivar should be the first step to establish an intensive program to produce superior males through different procedures. In this study, the genetic diversity and population structure of 72 male date palm accessions were investigated using 15 microsatellite loci. A total number of 125 alleles was detected with an average of 8.33 alleles per locus. Bayesian model-based clustering analysis indicated the presence of two differentiated endemic male date palm genetic clusters, continental and insular, with the presence of introduced accessions originating from the Middle East. The diversity analysis in the insular region of Tunisia, which had never been performed before, revealed that this germplasm enclosed valuable endemic resources supporting the hypothesis of the presence of wild material. These findings are crucial for identifying interesting genotypes that can be integrated into international coordinated actions of Phoenix dactylifera L. breeding programs as well as for the protection and conservation of valuable resources.
Data for: Earlier leaf senescence dates are constrained by soil moisture
<p>The unprecedented warming that has occurred in recent decades has led to later autumn leaf senescence dates (LSD) throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Yet, great uncertainties still exist regarding the strength of these delaying trends, especially in terms of how soil moisture affects them. Here we show that changes in soil moisture in 1982–2015 had a substantial impact on autumn LSD in one fifth of the vegetated areas in the Northern Hemisphere (>30° N), and how it contributed more to LSD variability than either temperature, precipitation or radiation. We developed a new model based on soil-moisture-constrained cooling degree days (CDD<sub>SM</sub>) to characterize the effects of soil moisture on LSD and compared its performance with the cooling degree days (CDD), Delpierre (DM) and spring-influenced autumn (SIAM) models. We show that the CDDSM model with inputs of temperature and soil moisture outperformed the three other models for LSD modelling and had an overall higher correlation coefficient (R), a lower root mean square error (RMSE) and lower Akaike information criterion (AIC) between observations and model predictions. These improvements were particularly evident in arid and semi-arid regions. We studied future LSD using the CDDSM model under two scenarios (SSP126 and SSP585) and found that predicted LSD was 4.1±1.4 days and 5.8±2.8 days earlier under SSP126 and SSP585, respectively, than other models for the end of this century. Our study therefore reveals the importance of soil moisture in regulating autumn LSD and, in particular, highlights how coupling this effect with LSD models can improve simulations of the response of vegetation phenology to future climate change.</p>
View of date palm forest on Difoinarti (N19.94647° E30.49857°)
<p>Difoinarti, Sudan.</p> <p>This interpretation sees a demographic shift reflected in the situation of the date palm environment: occasional workers display a lack of old cleaning practices, with removal of dry matter from palms and from the ground, which is exacerbated by by-now greatly reduced usage of such matter, e.g. for roofs, fire, etc. From a landscape point of view, this is the prevalence of ‘disordered’ forests in place of the intensity of care for individual trees.</p>
Fig. 8 in Two Asian freshwater snails newly introduced into South Africa and an analysis of alien species reported to date
Fig. 8. Shell of Biomphalaria glabrata collected in Durban in the 1980s (photos: C. Appleton).
Fig. 5 in Two Asian freshwater snails newly introduced into South Africa and an analysis of alien species reported to date
Fig. 5. Shell of G. chinensis from Amatikulu (photo: N. Miranda). Scale bar = 1 mm.
Fig. 1 in Two Asian freshwater snails newly introduced into South Africa and an analysis of alien species reported to date
Fig. 1. Radix rubiginosa from Amatikulu (photos: H. Madsen).
Fig. 2 in Two Asian freshwater snails newly introduced into South Africa and an analysis of alien species reported to date
Fig. 2. Shells of Radix rubiginosa from Amatikulu (photos: N. Miranda). Scale bars = 5 mm.
Results of the crowd-mapping action within the project TeRRIFICA [Dataset No. 2 dated 2023-01-19]
<p>The dataset includes the results of the crowd-mapping action within the project "Territorial RRI fostering innovative climate action" - TeRRIFICA (Horizon 2020 under GA 824489) dated 2023-01-19. The data are points added to the map by the users (volunteers) and represent locations where climate change-related issues occur regarding air temperature, air quality, water, soil, and wind (SPOTS). The second part of the dataset is related to the crowd-mapping users and their anonymized characteristics (USERS). More details are available at https://terrifica.eu/.</p>
Appendix Data for Manuscript : Application of OSL surface exposure dating with the use of two-dimensional OSL laser scanning instruments and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy
<p>Appendix Data for Manuscript 'Application of OSL surface exposure dating with the use of two-dimensional OSL laser scanning instruments and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy'.</p>
Dating the origin and spread of specialization on human hosts in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
<p>The globally invasive mosquito subspecies <em>Aedes aegypti aegypti</em> is a highly effective vector of human arboviruses because it specializes in biting humans and breeding in human habitats. Recent work suggests that specialization first arose as an adaptation to long, hot dry seasons in the West African Sahel, where <em>Ae. aegypti</em> is forced to rely on human-stored water for breeding. However, rainfall patterns in this region have changed dramatically over the past 10–20 thousand years, and we do not yet know exactly when specialization occurred. Here we use whole-genome cross-coalescent analysis to date the emergence of human specialist populations in the Sahel and thus further probe the climate hypothesis. Importantly, we take advantage of the known migration of human-specialist populations out of Africa during the Atlantic Slave Trade to calibrate the coalescent clock and thus obtain a more precise estimate of the older evolutionary event than would otherwise be possible. We find that human-specialist mosquitoes diverged rapidly from ecological generalists approximately 5,000 years ago, which corresponds to the end of the African Humid Period—a time when the Sahara dried and water stored by humans became a uniquely stable, aquatic niche in the Sahel. We also use population genomic analyses to date a previously observed influx of human-specialist alleles into major West African cities, where mosquitoes tend to be more attracted to humans than in nearby rural populations regardless of climate. In this case, the characteristic length of tracts of human-specialist ancestry present on a generalist genetic background in Kumasi, Ghana and Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso suggests the change in behavior occurred during rapid urbanization over the last 20–40 years. Taken together, we show that the timing and ecological context of two previously observed shifts toward human biting in <em>Ae. aegypti</em> differ; climate was likely the original driver, but urbanization has become increasingly important in recent decades. Understanding the changing relationship between mosquitoes and humans over time is critical for predicting and managing the burdens of mosquito-borne disease.</p>
Directly dating Plio-Pleistocene climate change in the terrestrial record
<p class="MsoNormal">This is the Supporting Information for Dröllner et al. "Directly dating Plio-Pleistocene climate change in the terrestrial record" published in Geophysical Research Letters. The data comes from a ferruginous induration in the arid landscapes of the Nullarbor Plain in southern Australia (30° 54' 33.84'' S, 132° 13' 5.88'' E). The data provides constraints on the timing of Plio-Pleistocene aridification in the continental realm and supports the use of ferruginous indurations as targets to obtain absolute ages on landscape evolution. The dataset includes chemical-mineralogical results, which suggest that the formation of ferruginous indurations was linked with a decline of the groundwater table. (U-Th)/He geochronology of goethite from ferruginous indurations provides age constraints that link the textural and chemical-mineralogical observations to a rapid climatic shift from humid Late Pliocene to arid Early Pleistocene conditions. Specifically, this Supporting Information includes a pdf file (available through Zenodo; <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7739575" title="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7739575">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7739575</a>) with detailed analytical methods for X-ray powder diffraction (XRD, Text S1), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (Text S2), Raman spectroscopy (Text S3), and (U-Th)/He geochronology (Text S4). This pdf file also includes Supporting Figures S1 (sample material, and fragments used for dating) and S2 (XRD spectra), as well as Supporting Tables S1 (XRD bulk mineralogy), S2 ((U-Th)/He data), S3 (XRD instrument parameters), and the captions for Table S4 (Raman data) and Table S5 (XRD data). The latter two datasets are provided as separate files available through Dryad (this data).</p>
Dating the origin and spread of plastids and chromatophores
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Photosynthetic eukaryotes have shaped the Earth's biosphere by producing </span><span>oxygen</span><span> </span><span>and converting light into organic compounds in specialized organelles called plastids. Plastids evolved from free-living cyanobacteria ingested by heterotrophic unicellular eukaryotes. Two such independent engulfment processes, called cyanobacterial endosymbioses, have been reported so far. The first gave rise to primary plastids and three Archaeplastida lineages: glaucophytes, red algae and green algae with land plants, whereas the second resulted in chromatophores in the rhizarian amoeba <em>Paulinella</em>. Importantly, archaeplastidans donated their plastids to many protist groups, thereby further spreading photosynthesis across the tree of life. To reveal the complex plastid evolution, we performed comprehensive phylogenetic and multi-clock analyses based on new </span><span>fossil </span><span>calibration points and </span><span>the greatest number yet of </span><span>plastid-encoded proteins from 108 taxa, representing a large diversity of photosynthetic organisms. Our results indicate that primary plastids evolved prior to 2.1 - 1.8 Ba, i.e. before glaucophytes diverged from the other archaeplastidans, and <em>Paulinella</em> chromatophores most probably before 292 - 266 Ma. Red and green algae were engulfed by cryptophyte and </span><span>chlorarachniophyte </span><span>ancestors between 1.7 - 1.4 Ba, and </span><span>1.1 - 1.0 Ba, respectively;</span><span> the former subsequently triggered </span><span>plastid transfers to other eukaryotes. </span><span>We also studied the impact of various molecular clocks and calibration sets on the age estimation and clearly indicate that the clocks are the source of greater differences.</span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.