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1,170 results for “earthworm”
Plastic additive content in earthworms
<p>The dataset is related to the plastic additive content of earthworms. The results are described in an under review manunscript "Effects of conventional and biodegradable microplastics on earthworm Eisenia andrei in two generations".</p>
Raw data for the manuscript: The influence of soil organic matter content and substance lipophilicity on the toxicity of pesticides to the earthworm Eisenia andrei
<p>Raw data obtained from toxicity tests with the earthworm <em>Eisenia andrei</em> exposed for 56 days to chlorpyrifos, lindane, cyproconazole, carbendazim and imidacloprid in artificial soils containing 10%, 5%, 2.5% sphagnum peat, and LUFA 2.2 soil. Tests were performed following OECD guideline 222. The file includes data on earthworm starting and ending weights, survival, and reproduction.</p>
Earthworm abundance and availability does not influence the reproductive decisions of black-tailed godwits in an agricultural grassland
<ol> <li>Maintaining the biodiversity of agricultural ecosystems has become a global imperative. Across Europe, species that occupy agricultural grasslands, such as Black-tailed Godwits (<i>Limosa limosa limosa</i>), have undergone steep population declines. In this context, there is a significant need to both determine the root causes of these declines and identify actions that will promote biodiversity while supporting the livelihoods of farmers.</li> <li>Food availability, and specifically earthworm abundance (Lumbricidae), during the pre-breeding period has often been suggested as a potential driver of godwit population declines. Previous studies have recommended increasing the application of nitrogen to agricultural grasslands to enhance earthworm populations and aid agricultural production. Here we test whether food availability during the pre-breeding period affects when and where godwits breed.</li> <li>Using large-scale surveys of food availability, a long-term mark-recapture study, focal observations of foraging female godwits, and tracking devices that monitored godwit movements, we found little evidence of a relationship between earthworm abundance and the timing of godwit reproductive efforts or the density of breeding godwits. Furthermore, we found that the soils of intensively managed agricultural grasslands may frequently be too dry for godwits to forage for those earthworms that are present.</li> <li>The increased application of nitrogen to agricultural grasslands will therefore likely have no positive effects on godwit populations. Instead, management efforts should focus on increasing the botanical diversity of agricultural grasslands, facilitating conditions that prevent hardening soils, and reducing the populations of generalist predators.</li> </ol>
Fig. 1. A. caliginosa–A in The Alternative Distribution Of Related Earthworms Aporrectodea Caliginosa And A. Trapezoides (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) In Ukraine As A Case Of Geographical Parthenogenesis
Fig. 1. A. caliginosa–A. trapezoides sample locations from the territory of Ukraine.
Population structure and genetic variance among local populations of an non-native earthworm species in Minnesota, USA
<p>A variety of human activities have been identified as driving factors for the release and spread of invasive earthworm species in North America. Population genetic markers can help to identify locally relevant anthropogenic vectors and provide insights into the processes of population dispersal and establishment. We sampled the invasive European earthworm species <em>Lumbricus terrestris</em> at nine sites and several bait shops within the metropolitan area of Minneapolis-St. Paul in Minnesota, USA. We used microsatellite markers to infer genetic diversity and population structure, and 16S rDNA to address multiple introduction events, including bait dumping, which is a common source of <em>L. terrestris</em> introductions into the wild. Our results indicate multiple introductions but not from current bait dumping. Overall, genetic structure was low and earthworms >5000 m apart were genetically differentiated, except for one sampling location, indicating jump-dispersal followed by population establishment. Further, earthworms at one location north of Minneapolis established from one or few founder individuals, suggesting that earthworm invasions are ongoing. We therefore encourage further monitoring of earthworm populations using molecular markers, in order to disentangle the different human-related vectors contributing to the spread of earthworms and their establishment, which is essential to develop adequate management strategies.</p>
Earthworms increase the potential for enzymatic bio-activation of biochars made from co-pyrolyzing animal manures and plastic wastes
<p>We assessed the enzymatic activation of four different biochars produced from pyrolyzing swine manure and poultry litter, and by co-pyrolyzing these livestock residues with agricultural spent mulch plastic film wastes (plastichars). Enzymatic activation consisted of incubating biochars in soil inoculated with earthworms (<em>Lumbricus terrestris</em>), which acted as biological vectors to facilitate retention of extracellular enzymes onto biochar surface. The activity of carboxylesterase ‒a pesticide-detoxifying enzyme‒ was measured in non-bioturbed soils (reference), linings of the burrows created by earthworms, casts (feces) and biochar particles recovered from the soil.</p>
EWINA_1st_RECORDS: Year of the first record of observation of each native and exotic earthworm species present in North America
<p>Year of the first record of each native and exotic earthworm species (Oligochaeta) present in North America. Stops in 2021.</p> <p>More details here: <a href="https://github.com/JeromeMathieuEcology/GlobalWorming">https://github.com/JeromeMathieuEcology/GlobalWorming</a>.</p>
EWINA_RICH : a database of EarthWorm native and alien species richness accross North America
<p><strong>EWINA_RICH</strong> gathers data on observed and predicted native and alien species richness of earthworms species across geographical units of North America (Mexico, US and Canada), based on data from 1850 to 2021.</p><p>Please refer to the published paper for the details about the process to produce the predictions and the general interpretation of the results.</p><p>Data are given at two distinct spatial resolutions</p><blockquote><p><strong>- Data at the resolution of counties or equivalent</strong></p><ul><li><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/61402820-f567-48fb-b030-2353b156a676/EWINA_counties.geojson">EWINA_counties.geojson: </a>Spatial layer of all counties or alike geographical units, with environmental covariates. Used to map geographical units and to predict RASR.</li><li><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/61402820-f567-48fb-b030-2353b156a676/EWINA_2000_counties_obs.csv">EWINA_2000_counties_obs.csv</a>: Observed earthworm species richness and RASR (Relative Alien Species Richness) in the geographical units with earthworm data, since year 2000, together with the environmtal covariates.(Coverage based estimates, used in the paper, will be released soon, feel free to reach out if you need them).</li><li><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/61402820-f567-48fb-b030-2353b156a676/EWINA_2000_counties_pred.csv">EWINA_2000_counties_pred.csv</a>: Predicted earthworm RASR (Relative Alien Species Richness) and its uncertainty, in all counties or equivalent, based on a model fitted on data after the year 2000.</li></ul><p><strong>- Data at the resolution of TDWG4 geographical units (≈ states)</strong></p><p>see <a href="https://www.tdwg.org/">the Biodiversity Information Facility Website</a> for more info about the definition of TDWG4 geographical units</p><ul><li><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/61402820-f567-48fb-b030-2353b156a676/EWINA_TDWG4_aboveground.geojson">EWINA_TDWG4_aboveground.geojson</a><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/61402820-f567-48fb-b030-2353b156a676/EWINA_counties.geojson">: </a>Spatial layer of TDWG4 geographical units, with above ground alien taxa richness from Dawson 2017 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0186">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0186</a>.</li><li><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/61402820-f567-48fb-b030-2353b156a676/EWINA_TDWG4_earthworms.csv">EWINA_TDWG4_earthworms_YYYY.csv:</a> Observed earthworm native and exotic species richness in the TDWG4 units, data cumulated from 1850 to YYYY.</li><li><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/dea6f9e3-c6b3-488a-85ea-a9c6d63799c4/EWINA_TDWG4_fun.csv">EWINA_TDWG4_fun.csv</a>: Observed native and alien earthworm species functionnal role in the TDWG4 units, data cumulated from 1850 to 2021.</li></ul></blockquote><p>All data files are provided with a readme file that explains the meaning of the variables.</p><p>Scripts to use the data are stored on GitHub: <a href="https://github.com/JeromeMathieuEcology/GlobalWorming">https://github.com/JeromeMathieuEcology/GlobalWorming</a></p>
Data and metadata of soil microbial community structure, enzyme activities, functional genes and earthworms derived from H2020 Diverfarming project
<p>Soil data and metadata of soil microbial community structure, enzyme activities (dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, leucine-aminopeptidase, alkaline phosphatase and arylsusfatase activities), N functional genes and earthworms from the different cases studies and long terms from WP4 "Impact of crop diversification on biodiversity", derived from H2020 Diverfarming project. The main objective of workpackage is to provide a scientific understanding of the link between diversified cropping systems, above- and belowground biodiversity, and the resulting ecosystem services provided by soil microorganisms, soil invertebrates and vegetation in agro-ecosystems. Soil organisms contribute to all biogeochemical cycles, Soil organic matter mineralization and stabilization, shape soil structure and have associations with plant species promoting growth and development. http://www.diverfarming.eu.</p>
Figure 3 in A New Genus and Species of Earthworm (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Semi-Arid Australia
Figure 3. Right prostate gland of holotYpe.
Figure 2 in A New Genus and Species of Earthworm (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Semi-Arid Australia
Figure 2. Male field of holotYpe of Aridulodrilus molesworthae gen. et sp. nov.
Figure 1 in A New Genus and Species of Earthworm (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Semi-Arid Australia
Figure 1. Live extended specimen of Aridulodrilus molesworthae gen. et sp. nov.
Fig. 12 in Redescription of extinct New Zealand earthworm: (Schmarda, 1861) (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrilacea, Megascolecidae)
Fig. 12. Uncitable molecular survey with random names (cf. Blakemore 2010, 2011, 2012).
Fig. 11 in Redescription of extinct New Zealand earthworm: (Schmarda, 1861) (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrilacea, Megascolecidae)
Fig. 11. German South-polar expedition route (not to NZ).
Fig. 10 in Redescription of extinct New Zealand earthworm: (Schmarda, 1861) (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrilacea, Megascolecidae)
Fig. 10. Hamburg museum registration card (ditto).
Fig. 9. Hamburg specimen V.8615 in Redescription of extinct New Zealand earthworm: (Schmarda, 1861) (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrilacea, Megascolecidae)
Fig. 9. Hamburg specimen V.8615 (non-type) (photo: courtesy curator).
Fig. 8 in Redescription of extinct New Zealand earthworm: (Schmarda, 1861) (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrilacea, Megascolecidae)
Fig. 8. Vienna type registration card (ditto).
Fig. 7 in Redescription of extinct New Zealand earthworm: (Schmarda, 1861) (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrilacea, Megascolecidae)
Fig. 7. Vienna type specimen as inspected above (photo: courtesy curator).
Fig. 4 in Extinction of Japan's first formally described earthworm (Horst, 1883) (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrilacea, Megascolecidae).
Fig. 4. Contemporary view of same landscape showing urbanization (2018 author's image).
Fig. 5 in Redescription of extinct New Zealand earthworm: (Schmarda, 1861) (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrilacea, Megascolecidae)
Fig. 5. Distinctive male pores on 18 (ditto).
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.