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372 results for “functional group”
Data from: Plant functional groups regulate soil respiration responses to nitrogen addition and mowing over a decade
1. Nitrogen (N) deposition and land-use practice (e.g. mowing) could have profound effects on soil respiration. However, the changes in other ecosystem components, such as plant functional groups (PFGs), may control soil carbon (C) efflux response to long term global change. 2. A 10-year (2005-2014) field experiment was conducted with both N addition (10g N m-2 yr-1) and mowing (once a year) in a northern Chinese temperate grassland. We collected continuous data on soil respiration over 10 years accompanied with data on abiotic and biotic factors, and attempted to determine (i) the temporal variation in soil respiration and its responses to N addition and mowing, (ii) the regulation of soil respiration by PFGs and the underlying long-term mechanisms of control. 3. Soil respiration varied significantly among years. This was mainly caused by changes in precipitation pattern (e.g. frequency and distribution) during the growing-season rather than total rainfall. N addition significantly suppressed soil respiration by 10.4% whereas mowing stimulated it by 8.4% over the 10 years. The interaction of N addition with mowing had little effect on soil respiration. However, the significant effects of both N addition and mowing appeared only in the third year and thereafter, indicating the differences between long- and short-term responses. These long-term effects of N addition and mowing were mainly caused by changes in the PFGs of covers (e.g. grasses and forbs) and in soil pH rather than in soil microclimate. Forb-dominant patches had greater soil respiration than grass patches owing to their higher litter quality and photosynthetic capacity. 4. Our results highlight that shifts in aboveground plant community could play an important role in regulating soil respiration responses to N addition and mowing in the long-term. This is potentially important for improving our understanding of the link between above- and belowground ecological processes.
Data from: The strength of negative plant-soil feedback increases from the intraspecific to the interspecific and the functional group level
1. One of the processes that may play a key role in plant species coexistence and ecosystem functioning is plant-soil feedback, the effect of plants on associated soil communities and the resulting feedback on plant performance. Plant-soil feedback at the interspecific level (comparing growth on own soil with growth on soil from different species) has been studied extensively, while plant-soil feedback at the intraspecific level (comparing growth on own soil with growth on soil from different accessions within a species) has only recently gained attention. Very few studies have investigated the direction and strength of feedback among different taxonomic levels, and initial results have been inconclusive, discussing phylogeny and morphology as possible determinants. 2. To test our hypotheses that the strength of negative feedback on plant performance increases with increasing taxonomic level and that this relationship is explained by morphological similarities, we conducted a greenhouse experiment using species assigned to three taxonomic levels (intraspecific, interspecific and functional group level). We measured certain fitness-related aboveground traits and used them along literature-derived traits to determine the influence of morphological similarities on the strength and direction of the feedback. 3. We found that the average strength of negative feedback increased from the intraspecific over the interspecific to the functional group level. However, individual accessions and species differed in the direction and strength of the feedback. None of our results could be explained by morphological dissimilarities or individual traits. 4. Synthesis. Our results indicate that negative plant-soil feedback is stronger if the involved plants belong to more distantly related species. We conclude that the taxonomic level is an important factor in the maintenance of plant coexistence with plant-soil feedback as a potential stabilizing mechanism and should be addressed explicitly in coexistence research, while the traits considered here seem to play a minor role.
Design and functional characterization of Salmo salar TLR5 agonist peptides derived from High Mobility Group B1 acidic tail.
<p>Based on the structural knowledge of TLR5 surface using blind docking platforms, a series of peptides derived from HMGB1 truncated acidic tail from Salmo salar was designed TLR5 agonistic. Also, a template peptide with the wild type C-terminal acidic tail sequence as reference was included (SsOri). Peptide binding poses complexed on TLR5 ectodomain model from each algorithm were filtrated based on docking scoring functions and predicted theoretical binding affinity of complex.</p>
Spin-Crossover Grafted Monolayer of a Co(II) Terpyridine Derivative Functionalized with Carboxylic Acid Groups
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Biomassess of functional groups and ecosystem parameters predicted by ecosim models of Lake Dianchi
<p>Understanding the relative importance of multiple stressors is valuable to prioritize conservation and restoration measures. Yet, the effects of multiple stressors on ecosystem functioning remain largely unknown in many freshwaters. Here, we provided a methodology combining ecosystem modelling with linear regression to disentangle the effects of multiple stressors on matter flow, an important ecosystem function. Treating a shallow lake as the model ecosystem, we simulated matter flow dynamics during 1950s-2010s with different combinations of stressors by Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) modelling, and determined the relative importance of each stressor by generalized linear mixed models. We found that matter flow of the lake food web was highly dynamic, attributing to effects of multiple anthropogenic stressors. Biological invasion played the strongest role in driving the matter flow dynamics, followed by eutrophication, while biomanipulation (i.e. phytoplankton control by planktivorous fish stocking) was of little importance. Eutrophication had a stronger role on primary producers, pelagic food chain and top predators, while biological invasion on consumers in the middle of food chains. The former was more important in driving the quantity of matter flow, while the latter on trophic transfer efficiencies. Scenario forecasting showed that reducing nutrients contents could largely shape the matter flow pattern, while biomanipulation had little effect. Our findings provided new insights into understanding the mechanistic links between anthropogenic stressors and ecosystem functioning by combining ecosystem modelling with linear regression.</p>
Experimental raw data for "Characterization of activated carbons for water treatment using TGA-FTIR for analysis of oxygen-containing functional groups"
<p>LICENSE: These data are made available under the Public Domain Dedication and License v1.0 whose full text can be found at: http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/pddl/1.0/</p> <p><br> This is the repository of all experimental raw data used in the Applied Water Science publication "Characterization of activated carbons for water treatment using TGA-FTIR for analysis of oxygen-containing functional groups" by Daniel Dittmann, Leon Saal, Frederik Zietzschmann, Maike Mai, Korinna Altmann, Dominik Al-Sabbagh, Pia Schumann, Aki Sebastian Ruhl, Martin Jekel, and Ulrike Braun.</p> <p>It includes<br> - Results_summary (.xlsx and .ods) containing overview tables with all numerical results for the eight selected PACs<br> - 01_N2_Adsorption_Desorption<br> - 02_Particle_Counter<br> - 03_CHNS<br> - 04_PZC<br> - 05_XPS<br> - 06_XRF<br> - 07_XRD<br> - 08_TGA-FTIR<br> - 09_PCA_all_properties<br> - 10_OMP_removals</p> <p>Subfolders are provided for<br> - "Raw_Data"<br> - "processed_for_plotting" with Origin files<br> - "easyPCA" with data for principal component analyses using Jupyter Notesbooks from https://github.com/danield5732/easyPCA</p>
DATA and CODE for External and internal driving forces of community and functional group stability
<p><strong>Data and code</strong></p>
Data Set For Projection-Based Density Matrix Renormalization Group in Density Functional Theory Embedding
<p><span>Funded by the National Science Center grant no 2021/43/I/ST4/02250 </span></p>
Data from: Intransitive competition is common across five major taxonomic groups and is driven by productivity, competitive rank and functional traits.
1. Competition can be fully hierarchical or intransitive, and this degree of hierarchy is driven by multiple factors, including environmental conditions, the functional traits of the species involved or the topology of competition networks. Studies simultaneously analyzing these drivers of competition hierarchy are rare. Additionally, organisms compete either directly or via interference competition for resources or space, within a local neighbourhood or across the habitat. Therefore, the drivers of competition could change accordingly and depend on the taxa studied. 2. We performed the first multi-taxon study on pairwise competition across major taxonomic groups, including experiments with vascular plants, mosses, saprobic fungi, aquatic protists and soil bacteria. We evaluated how general is competition intransitivity from the pairwise competition matrix including all species and also for each possible three-species combination (triplets). We then examined which species were likely to engage in competitive loops and the effects of environmental conditions, competitive rank, and functional traits on intransitive competition. 3. We found some degree of competition intransitivity in all taxa studied, with 38% to 5% of triplets being intransitive. Variance in competitive rank between species and more fertile conditions strongly reduced intransitivity, with triplets composed of species differing widely in their competitive ranks much less likely to be intransitive. 4. Including functional traits of the species involved more than doubled the variation explained compared to models including competitive rank only. Both trait means and variance within triplets affected the odds of them being intransitive. However the traits responsible and the direction of trait effects varied widely between taxa, suggesting that traits can have a wide variety of effects on competition. 5. Synthesis: We evaluated the drivers of competition across multiple taxa and showed that productivity and competitive rank are fundamental drivers of intransitivity. We also showed that not only the functional traits of each species, but also those of the accompanying species, determine competition intransitivity. Intransitive competition is common across multiple taxa but can dampen under fertile conditions or for those species with large variance in their competitive abilities. This provides a first step towards predicting the prevalence of intransitive competition in natural communities.
Data from: Plant functional groups within a tropical forest exhibit different wood functional anatomy
Understanding the anatomical basis of plant water transport in forest ecosystems is crucial for contextualizing community-level adaptations to drought, especially in life-form-rich tropical forests. To provide this context, we explored wood functional anatomy traits related to plant hydraulic architecture across different plant functional groups in a lowland tropical rain forest. We measured wood traits in 90 species from six functional groups (mature-phase, understorey and pioneer trees; understorey and pioneer shrubs; vines) and related these traits to intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUEi) as a measure of physiological performance. We also examined vessel size distribution patterns across groups to determine trade-offs in theoretical hydraulic safety vs. efficiency. Some plant functional groups exhibited significant differences in vessel parameters and WUEi. Vessel diameters in vines and pioneer trees were two- to threefold greater on average than in understorey trees and shrubs. Contrastingly, vessels in understorey trees and shrubs fell within the smaller size classes, suggesting greater safety mechanisms. In addition to these trends, large vessel dimensions were important predictors of WUEi among the functional groups. We conclude that wood functional anatomy profiles varied across plant functional groups in a tropical rain forest. These groups can therefore serve as a framework for further investigations on structure–function relationships and a sound basis for modelling species responses to drought.
Effect of EGb761® on Brain Glucose Metabolism in Three Groups of Elderly Defined by Cognitive Functions
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00814346. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Investigating Remote Access, Group-based Functional Imagery Training in the Community
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04953299. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 0. Publications: 1.
Implementing a Group Physical Therapy Program for Veterans (GroupPT): Function QUERI 3.0
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07215572. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: Auditory functional magnetic resonance imaging in dogs – normalization and group analysis and the processing of pitch in the canine auditory pathways
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Data from: The strength of negative plant-soil feedback increases from the intraspecific to the interspecific and the functional group level
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Data from: The relationship between variable host grouping and functional responses among parasitoids of Antispila nysaefoliella (Lepidoptera: Heliozelidae)
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Data from: Effects of plant functional group loss on soil biota and net ecosystem exchange: a plant removal experiment in the Mongolian grassland
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Biomassess of functional groups and ecosystem parameters predicted by ecosim models of Lake Dianchi
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Data from: Intransitive competition is common across five major taxonomic groups and is driven by productivity, competitive rank and functional traits.
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Data from: Climate and atmospheric change impacts on sap-feeding herbivores: a mechanistic explanation based on functional groups of primary metabolites
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.