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1,206 results for “gamma”
Ground Gamma-ray Spectrometry Data of the Araguainha Impact Structure
<p>This is a gamma-ray dataset that was collected during three field campaings in the Araguainha impact structure in Brazil. Araguainha is the largest impact strucutre of the country (~40 km wide). The available file provides the raw dataset in counts per unit of time, the concentration values of K, U and Th, and some derived products for geological interpretation.</p>
Data from: Resting-state gamma-band power alterations in schizophrenia reveal E/I-balance abnormalities across illness-stages
We examined alterations in E/I-balance in schizophrenia (ScZ) through measurements of resting-state gamma-band activity in participants meeting clinical high-risk (CHR) criteria (n = 88), 21 first episode (FEP) patients and 34 chronic ScZ-patients. Furthermore, MRS-data were obtained in CHR-participants and matched controls. Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) resting-state activity was examined at source level and MEG-data were correlated with neuropsychological scores and clinical symptoms. CHR-participants were characterized by increased 64–90 Hz power. In contrast, FEP- and ScZ-patients showed aberrant spectral power at both low- and high gamma-band frequencies. MRS-data showed a shift in E/I-balance toward increased excitation in CHR-participants, which correlated with increased occipital gamma-band power. Finally, neuropsychological deficits and clinical symptoms in FEP and ScZ-patients were correlated with reduced gamma band-activity, while elevated psychotic symptoms in the CHR group showed the opposite relationship. The current study suggests that resting-state gamma-band power and altered Glx/GABA ratio indicate changes in E/I-balance parameters across illness stages in ScZ.
Data from: Membrane potential dynamics of spontaneous and visually evoked gamma activity in V1 of awake mice
Cortical gamma activity (30–80 Hz) is believed to play important functions in neural computation and arises from the interplay of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV) and pyramidal cells (PYRs). However, the subthreshold dynamics underlying its emergence in the cortex of awake animals remain unclear. Here, we characterized the intracellular dynamics of PVs and PYRs during spontaneous and visually evoked gamma activity in layers 2/3 of V1 of awake mice using targeted patch-clamp recordings and synchronous local field potentials (LFPs). Strong gamma activity patterned in short bouts (one to three cycles), occurred when PVs and PYRs were depolarizing and entrained their membrane potential dynamics regardless of the presence of visual stimulation. PV firing phase locked unconditionally to gamma activity. However, PYRs only phase locked to visually evoked gamma bouts. Taken together, our results indicate that gamma activity corresponds to short pulses of correlated background synaptic activity synchronizing the output of cortical neurons depending on external sensory drive.
Data from: Surface color and predictability determine contextual modulation of V1 firing and gamma oscillations
The integration of direct bottom-up inputs with contextual information is a core feature of neocortical circuits. In area V1, neurons may reduce their firing rates when their receptive field input can be predicted by spatial context. Gamma-synchronized (30–80 Hz) firing may provide a complementary signal to rates, reflecting stronger synchronization between neuronal populations receiving mutually predictable inputs. We show that large uniform surfaces, which have high spatial predictability, strongly suppressed firing yet induced prominent gamma synchronization in macaque V1, particularly when they were colored. Yet, chromatic mismatches between center and surround, breaking predictability, strongly reduced gamma synchronization while increasing firing rates. Differences between responses to different colors, including strong gamma-responses to red, arose from stimulus adaptation to a full-screen background, suggesting prominent differences in adaptation between M- and L-cone signaling pathways. Thus, synchrony signaled whether RF inputs were predicted from spatial context, while firing rates increased when stimuli were unpredicted from context.
Data from: Complex models of sequence evolution require accurate estimators as exemplified with the invariable site plus Gamma model
The invariable site plus Γ model is widely used to model rate heterogeneity among alignment sites in maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses. The proof that the invariable site plus continuous Γ model is identifiable (model parameters can be inferred correctly given enough data) has increased the creditability of its application to phylogeny reconstruction. However, most phylogenetic software implement the invariable site plus discrete Γ model, whose identifiability is likely but unproven. How well the parameters of the invariable site plus discrete Γ model are estimated is still disputed. Especially the correlation of the fraction of invariable sites with the fractions of sites with a slow evolutionary rate is discussed as being problematic. We show that optimization heuristics as implemented in frequently used phylogenetic software cannot always reliably estimate the shape parameter, the proportion of invariable sites and the tree length. Here, we propose an improved optimization heuristic that accurately estimates the three parameters. While research efforts mainly focus on tree search methods, our results signify the equal importance of verifying and developing effective estimation methods for complex models of sequence evolution.
Data from: Tolerance to gamma radiation in the tardigrade Hypsibius dujardini from embryo to adult correlate inversely with cellular proliferation
Tardigrades are highly tolerant to desiccation and ionizing radiation but the mechanisms of this tolerance are not well understood. In this paper, we report studies on dose responses of adults and eggs of the tardigrade Hypsibius dujardini exposed to gamma radiation. In adults the LD50/48h for survival was estimated at ~ 4200 Gy, and doses higher than 100 Gy reduced both fertility and hatchability of laid eggs drastically. We also evaluated the effect of radiation (doses 50 Gy, 200 Gy, 500 Gy) on eggs in the early and late embryonic stage of development, and observed a reduced hatchability in the early stage, while no effect was found in the late stage of development. Survival of juveniles from irradiated eggs was highly affected by a 500 Gy dose, both in the early and the late stage. Juveniles hatched from eggs irradiated at 50 Gy and 200 Gy developed into adults and produced offspring, but their fertility was reduced compared to the controls. Finally we measured the effect of low temperature during irradiation at 4000 Gy and 4500 Gy on survival in adult tardigrades, and observed a slight delay in the expressed mortality when tardigrades were irradiated on ice. Since H. dujardini is a freshwater tardigrade with lower tolerance to desiccation compared to limno-terrestrial tardigrades, the high radiation tolerance in adults, similar to limno-terrestrial tardigrades, is unexpected and seems to challenge the idea that desiccation and radiation tolerance rely on the same molecular mechanisms. We suggest that the higher radiation tolerance in adults and late stage embryos of H. dujardini (and in other studied tardigrades) compared to early stage embryos may partly be due to limited mitotic activity, since tardigrades have a low degree of somatic cell division (eutely), and dividing cells are known to be more sensitive to radiation.
Dataset for the PLC-gamma-2 antibody screening study
<p><strong>This antibody characterization dataset is related to the F1000 research article openly available at F1000Research.</strong></p> <p><em>This project contains the underlying data included in a study which characterized eleven commercially available antibodies for PLC-gamma-2. The original study is also available on the Zenodo YCharOS community (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10108291">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10108291</a>).</em></p> <p><em>The Dataset is in the format of a zip file. Once downloaded, please expand the zip file to access the folders containing the underlying data for Western blot (Wb), immunoprecipitation (IP) and immunofluorescence (IF).</em></p>
Table S1. Mean longevity of gamma sterilized male Ae. aegypti post-treatments
<p>Table S1 showed the mean longevity of gamma sterilized male Ae. aegypti post-treatments</p>
Data from: A quantitative theory of gamma synchronization in macaque V1
Gamma-band synchronization coordinates brief periods of excitability in oscillating neuronal populations to optimize information transmission during sensation and cognition. Commonly, a stable, shared frequency over time is considered a condition for functional neural synchronization. Here, we demonstrate the opposite: instantaneous frequency modulations are critical to regulate phase relations and synchronization. In monkey visual area V1, nearby local populations driven by different visual stimulation showed different gamma frequencies. When similar enough, these frequencies continually attracted and repulsed each other, which enabled preferred phase relations to be maintained in periods of minimized frequency difference. Crucially, the precise dynamics of frequencies and phases across a wide range of stimulus conditions was predicted from a physics theory that describes how weakly coupled oscillators influence each other's phase relations. Hence, the fundamental mathematical principle of synchronization through instantaneous frequency modulations applies to gamma in V1, and is likely generalizable to other brain regions and rhythms.
A predictive group-contribution framework for the thermodynamic modelling of CO2 absorption in cyclic amines, alkyl polyamines, alkanolamines and phase-change amines: new data and SAFT- gamma Mie parameters.FPE 2022
<p>All data in the figures in the publication. </p>
Internal rotation and buoyancy travel time of 60 gamma Doradus stars from uninterrupted TESS light curves spanning 352 days
<p>Description:<br> Electronic versions of Table A.1 and A.2 from the Appendix of<br> Garcia et al. (2022b), as well as all analysed g-mode period-spacing<br> patterns from this work.</p> <p>Abstract:<br> Context. Gamma Doradus (hereafter gamma Dor) stars are gravity-mode<br> pulsators whose periods carry information about the internal structure of<br> the star. These periods are especially sensitive to the internal rotation<br> and chemical mixing, two processes that are currently not well constrained<br> in the theory of stellar evolution.<br> Aims. We aim to identify the pulsation modes and deduce the internal<br> rotation and buoyancy travel time for 106 gamma Dor stars observed<br> by the TESS mission in its southern continuous viewing zone (hereafter<br> S-CVZ). We rely on 140 previously detected period-spacing patterns, that is,<br> series of (near-)consecutive pulsation mode periods.<br> Methods. We used the asymptotic expression to compute gravity-mode<br> frequencies for ranges of the rotation rate and buoyancy travel time that<br> cover the physical range in γ Dor stars. Those frequencies were fitted to<br> the observed period-spacing patterns by minimizing a custom cost function.<br> The effects of rotation were evaluated using the traditional approximation<br> of rotation, using the stellar pulsation code GYRE.<br> Results. We obtained the pulsation mode identification, internal rotation<br> and buoyancy travel time for 60 TESS gamma Dor stars. For the remaining 46<br> targets, the detected patterns are either too short or contained too many<br> missing modes for unambiguous mode identification, and longer light curves<br> are required. For the successfully analysed stars, we found that<br> period-spacing patterns from 1-yr long TESS light curves can constrain the<br> internal rotation and buoyancy travel time to a precision of 0.03 d^{−1} and<br> 400s, respectively, which is about half as precise as literature results<br> based on 4-yr Kepler light curves of gamma Dor stars.</p>
Study of Interferon-Gamma in the Complex Treatment of Patients Infected With HIV and Tuberculosis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05065905. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Gamma-Secretase/Notch Signalling Pathway Inhibitor RO4929097 in Treating Patients With Recurrent or Progressive Glioblastoma
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01122901. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Gamma Vacuum Foil (GVF) Versus Cross-linked Polyethylene in Total Knee Arthroplasty Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00289133. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
The Role of Acute Combined PPAR Alpha and Gamma Stimulation on Insulin Action in Humans
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00179400. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Interferon Gamma-1b in Friedreich Ataxia (FRDA)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01965327. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
The Gamma Pod: A Clinical Feasibility Study Device GCC 1202: The Gamma Pod: A Clinical Feasibility Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02507960. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
TACS to Engage Theta-Gamma Coupling and Enhance Working Memory in Patients With MCI (tACS-MCI)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06783283. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Low Dose One-Day Tc99m Protocol With a High-Efficiency Cardiac Dedicated Gamma Camera For Detection of Coronary Disease
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01135095. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Effect of Gamma Tocopherol Enriched Supplementation on Response to Inhaled O3 Exposure
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02911688. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.