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FIGURE 4 in A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males

FIGURE 4. Rhizoecus dianthi Green. Brachypterous male. (Rhizoecidae, Rhizoecina). Where A=hair-like seta, B=fleshy seta, C=loculate pore, D=simple pore, and G=wing microtrichia. For abbreviations, see p. 8.

FIGURE 1. A in A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males

FIGURE 1. A possible evolutionary tree for the neococcoid taxa discussed in this paper, based on the morphological diagnoses for the alate adult males. Taxa in brackets are all apterous and their placement is tentative, based mainly on other work. The numbers refer to the character changes at each node, and refer to the couplets in the 'Key to extant neococcoid higher taxa' on p. 19, where 1=couplet 1 (Archaeococcoidea); 2=couplet 2 (Neococcoidea); 3 & 4=couplets 3-6 (Rhizoecidae & Pseudococcidae); 5=couplets 3, 4, 6 & 7 (subfamilies of Pseudococcidae); 6=couplets 3, 4, 5, 8–11 (Acanthococcus group); 7=couplets 9–11 (taxa in Acanthococcus group); 8=couplets 5, 8, 12 & 13 (Gondwana group); 9=couplets 5, 8, 12–14 (BSE group, except E. buxi); 10=couplet 14 (Beesoniidae & Stictococcidae); 11=couplets 4 & 15 (taxa with bifurcated setae and sclerotised scutum); 12=couplet 15 (Diaspididae & Conchaspididae); 13=couplets 3 & 16 (taxa with membranous scutum); 14=couplets 3 & 16–19 (Kermesidae, Kerriidae, Cerococcidae & Asterloecaniidae), and 15=couplets 3, 16, 20 & 21 (Lecanodiaspididae, Aclerdidae & Coccidae).

FIGURE 3 in A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males

FIGURE 3. Ripersiella hibisci (Kawai & Takagi). Macropterous male. (Rhizoecidae, Ripersiellina). Where A=hair-like seta, B=fleshy seta, C =loculate pores, F=alar sensoria, and K=proximal end of metathoracic leg. For abbreviations, see p. 8.

FIGURE 8 in A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males

FIGURE 8. Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley. Macropterous male. (Pseudococcidae, Phenacoccinae). Where C=loculate pores, D=simple pore, J=dorsal view of penial sheath, K=apex of leg, and L=ventral view of penial sheath. For abbreviations, see p. 8.

FIGURE 6 in A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males

FIGURE 6. Neochavesia nr. trinadadensis (Beardsley). Apterous adult male. (Xenococcidae). H=apex on antenna, K=tibia and tarsus of metathoracic leg, and N=ventral view of penial sheath. For abbreviations, see p. 8.

FIGURES 10–15. Malthodes morimotoi Imasaka & N in Two new species and a new distribution record of the genus Malthodes Kiesenwetter (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Japan, with notes on the male and female abdominal morphology

FIGURES 10–15. Malthodes morimotoi Imasaka & N. Takahashi, sp. nov., male. 10, apical portion of abdomen, lateral view; 11, abdominal sternite IX, ventral view; 12, abdominal tergite X, dorso-caudal view; 13–15, aedeagus (13, dorsal view; 14, lateral view; 15, ventral view). The arrows in the upper (for Fig. 10) and right margins (for Figs 11–15) explain the meaning of the terms "basal" and "apical", as used in description: they correspond to the "anterior" and "posterior", respectively. Abbreviations: bp, basophysis; pe, penis; sl, sternal lobe; tl, tergal lobe; tp, tergal platelet. Scales: 0.2 mm (Figs 10–12); 0.1 mm (Figs 13–15).

FIGURE 3. Male gnathopod 1 in A phylogeny and classification of the Talitroidea (Amphipoda, Senticaudata) based on interpretation of morphological synapomorphies and homoplasies

FIGURE 3. Male gnathopod 1 propodus anterior margin; 24.1 with 1–2 groups of robust setae (after Morino 2014); 24.2 with 3–4 groups of robust setae (after Marsden & Fenwick 1984); 24.3 with 5–9 groups of robust setae (after Lowry & Myers 2019a); 24. 4 with scattered groups of very short setae (after Bousfield 1982). Male gnathopod 1 propodus 25.1 subrectangular (after Stock & Martin 1988); 25.2 enlarged subrectangular (after Hurley 1957); 25.3 subovoid (after Jo 1988); 25.4 subtriangular with well developed posterodistal lobe (after Marsden & Fenwick, 1984)); 25.5 subrectangular tapering distally (after Shoemaker 1936). Male gnathopod 1 palm 26.1 transverse (White et al. 2013); 26.2 acute or obtuse (Friend 1982); 26.3 absent (after Lowry & Myers 2019a)

FIGURE 2. Male gnathopod 1. 23.2 in A phylogeny and classification of the Talitroidea (Amphipoda, Senticaudata) based on interpretation of morphological synapomorphies and homoplasies

FIGURE 2. Male gnathopod 1. 23.2 posterior margin of merus, carpus and proximal margin of propodus each with palmate setae (after Friend 1982); 23.1 posterior margin of merus, carpus and propodus each with patch of palmate setae (after Hurley 1957); 23.3a. posteriormargin of carpus and propodus each with patch of palmate setae (after Richardson 1991); 23.3b posterior margin of merus and carpus each with patch of palmate setae (after Friend 1987); 23.3c posterior margin of propodus with patch of palmate setae (after Hurley 1957); 23.3d posterior margin of carpus with patch of palmate setae (after Friend 1987); 23.4 posterior margin of merus, carpus and propodus each without patch of palmate setae (after Lowry & Myers 2019a).

FIGURES 25–30. Malthodes parvus Kazantsev, male. 25 in Two new species and a new distribution record of the genus Malthodes Kiesenwetter (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Japan, with notes on the male and female abdominal morphology

FIGURES 25–30. Malthodes parvus Kazantsev, male. 25, apical portion of abdomen, lateral view; 26, abdominal sternite IX, ventral view; 27, abdominal tergite X, dorso-caudal view; 28–30, aedeagus (28, dorsal view; 29, lateral view; 30, ventral view). The arrow representations are the same as those in Figs 10–15 (one in the upper margin for Fig. 25; the other one in the right margin for Figs 26–30). Abbreviations: bp, basophysis; lp, laterophysis; pe, penis; sl, sternal lobe; tb, tergal bride; tl, tergal lobe; tp, tergal platelet. Scales: 0.2 mm (Figs 25–26); 0.1 mm (Figs 27–30).

FIGURES 19–24. Malthodes okushimai Imasaka & N in Two new species and a new distribution record of the genus Malthodes Kiesenwetter (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Japan, with notes on the male and female abdominal morphology

FIGURES 19–24. Malthodes okushimai Imasaka & N. Takahashi, sp. nov., male. 19, apical portion of abdomen, lateral view; 20, abdominal sternite IX, ventral view; 21, abdominal tergite X, dorsal view; 22–24, aedeagus (22, dorsal view; 23, lateral view; 24, ventral view). The arrow representations are the same as those in Figs 10–15 (one in the upper margin for Fig. 19; the other one in the right margin for Figs 20–24). Abbreviation: plb, processus laminae basalis. Scales: 0.2 mm (Figs 19–21); 0.1 mm (Figs 22–24).

FIGURES 31–32 in Two new species and a new distribution record of the genus Malthodes Kiesenwetter (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Japan, with notes on the male and female abdominal morphology

FIGURES 31–32. Ovipositors of Malthodes spp., ventral view. 31, Malthodes okushimai Imasaka & N. Takahashi, sp. nov.; 32, Malthodes parvus Kazantsev. The arrow representation is the same as that in Figs 11–15. Abbreviation: p, proctiger. Scales: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 33 in Two new species and a new distribution record of the genus Malthodes Kiesenwetter (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Japan, with notes on the male and female abdominal morphology

FIGURE 33. Schema of morphological correspondence in Malthodes morimotoi Imasaka & N. Takahashi, sp. nov. between male (in lateral view; right) and female (in dorsal view; left) apical portions of abdomina in copulation. A, correspondence between basal part of male tergite X and copulatory depression on female tergite VIII; B, correspondence between apical margin of male tergite X and basal margin of female tergite VII. Abbreviations: st IX, sternite IX; tg VII, tergite VII; tg VIII, tergite VIII; tg IX, tergite IX; tg X, tergite X.

FIGURES 16–18. Malthodes morimotoi Imasaka & N in Two new species and a new distribution record of the genus Malthodes Kiesenwetter (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Japan, with notes on the male and female abdominal morphology

FIGURES 16–18. Malthodes morimotoi Imasaka & N. Takahashi, sp. nov., female. 16–17, abdomial segments VII and VIII (16, dorsal view; 17, lateral view); 18, ovipositor, ventral view. The large arrow representations are the same as those in Figs 10–15 (one in the upper margin for Fig. 17; the other one in the right margin for Figs 16 and 18). The small arrows in Fig. 16 point zigzag lines showing the positions of marginated basal margin on ventral (= innner) surface of tergites VII and VIII. Abbreviations: c, coxite; cd, copulatory depression; lc, lapel of coxite; pp, paraproct. Scales: 0.2 mm.

opencc-zeroDec 2012View details →

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Data from: Male clasping ability, female polymorphism and sexual conflict: fine-scale elytral morphology as a sexually antagonistic adaptation in female diving beetles

During sexual conflict, males and females are expected to evolve traits and behaviours with a sexually antagonistic function. Recently, sexually antagonistic coevolution was proposed to occur between male and female diving beetles (Dytiscidae). Male diving beetles possess numerous suction cups on their forelegs whereas females commonly have rough structures on their elytra. These rough structures have been suggested to obstruct adhesion from male suction cups during mating attempts. However, some diving beetle species are dimorphic, where one female morph has a rough elytra and the other has a smooth elytra. Here, we used biomechanics to study the adhesive performance of male suction cups on the female morphs in two diving beetle species: Dytiscus lapponicus and Graphoderus zonatus. We compared adhesion on the rough and the smooth female morphs to infer the function of the rough elytral modifications. We found that the adhesive force on the rough structures was much lower than on other surfaces. These findings support the suggestion of sexual conflict in diving beetles and a sexually antagonistic function of the rough female structures. In addition, males differed in their adhesive capacity on different female surfaces, indicating a male trade-off between adhering to smooth and rough female morphs.

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Data from: Males' calls carry information about individual identity and morphological characteristics of the caller in burrowing petrels

We took morphometric measurements on males of two burrowing petrel species: blue petrel Halobaena caerulea ("BP") and Antarctic prion Pachyptila desolata ("AP"). We also provoked them with a playback and measured acoustic parameters on their provoked calls. Fieldwork was performed in a small sub-Antarctic island (Ile Verte, 49°51′S, 70°05′E) of the Kerguelen Archipelago, in the southern Indian Ocean, where blue petrels and the during the 2017 and 2018 birds' incubation period (25 November 2017 to 12 December 2017 and 27 November 2018 to 20 December 2018 for blue petrels; 23 December 2017 to 16 January 2018 and 25 December 2018 to 13 January 2019 for Antarctic prions). Details and abbreviations are given in the paper: <a class="epub-doi" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.02270">https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.02270</a>

opencc-zeroNov 2019View details →

opennotspecifiedOct 2002View details →

FIGURES 15. Male genitalia and tergite 2. 1 in Notes on the functional morphology of terminalia from Prorates ballmeri Nagatomi and Liu (Diptera: Scenopinidae: Proratinae) collected while in copula, with a description of the previously unknown female

FIGURES 15. Male genitalia and tergite 2. 1, Lateral view of the male aedeagal apparatus showing only the left distiphallus tip, dorsal bridge and gonocoxal apodeme removed; 2, Dorsal view of gonocoxite and aedeagal apparatus; 3, Ventral view of gonocoxite; 4, Dorsal view of tergite 9, cerci, and hypoproct; 5, Dorsal view of tergite 2 with patch of modified setae. Cordlike phallus and dorsal bridge shown in gray to help clarify structures. Measure bar a is for all genitalia, measure bar b is for tergite 2 only. bp, basiphallus; cp, cordlike phallus; db, dorsal bridge; dp, distiphallus; eap, ejaculatory apodeme; ga, gonocoxal apodeme; gdp, gonocoxal dorsal process; gs, gonostylus; hp, hanging bell phallus.

opennotspecifiedDec 2003View details →

FIGURE 2 in The development of the male second antenna in Polyartemiella hazeni (Murdoch, 1884) with a morphological definition of the Chirocephalidae (Crustacea: Anostraca)

FIGURE 2. Polyartemiella hazeni. Development of the male second antenna through various successive instars; A, B, and C: anterior view of left side of head. (Scale bars: A = 0.2mm; B = 0.3 mm; C = 0.5mm).

opennotspecifiedDec 2003View details →

FIGURE 1 in The development of the male second antenna in Polyartemiella hazeni (Murdoch, 1884) with a morphological definition of the Chirocephalidae (Crustacea: Anostraca)

FIGURE 1. Polyartemiella hazeni. Development of the male second antenna through various successive instars; A: anterior view, left side of head; B: lateral view of left side of the head; C – F, and I: anterior view of left side of head; H: lateral view of second antenna depicted in G. Scale bar = 0.02mm.

opennotspecifiedDec 2016View details →

FIGURES 26–33. Male Strongylophthalmyia, antennae. 26. S. laosensis, n in World review of the genus Strongylophthalmyia Heller (Diptera: Strongylophthalmyiidae). Part I: Introduction, morphology, species groups, and review of the Strongylophthalmyia punctata subgroup

FIGURES 26–33. Male Strongylophthalmyia, antennae. 26. S. laosensis, n. sp., arrow points to short dorsal antennal process; 27. S. lowi, n. sp.; 28. S. malayensis, n. sp.; 29. S. microstyla Shatalkin, arrow points to minute dorsal antennal process; 30. S. nigricornis Frey; 31. S. nigripalpis, n. sp., arrow points to minute dorsal antennal process; 32. S. palpalis Papp, photo: courtesy HNHM, arrow points to minute dorsal antennal process; 33. S. pappi, n. sp.