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600 results for “sex-specific”
Data from: Early and adult social environments shape sex-specific actuarial senescence patterns in a cooperative breeder
Sociality modulates life history traits through changes in resource allocation to fitness-related traits. However, how social factors at different stages of the life cycle modulate senescence remains poorly understood. To address this question, we assessed the influence of social environment in both early life and adulthood on actuarial senescence in the Alpine marmot, a cooperative breeder. The influence of helpers on actuarial senescence strongly differed depending on when help was provided, and on the sex of the dominant. Being helped when adult slowed down senescence in both sexes. However, the effect of the presence of helpers the year of birth of a dominant was sex-specific. Among dominants helped during adulthood, females born in the presence of helpers senesced slower, whereas males senesced faster. Among dominants without helpers during adulthood, females with helpers at birth senesced faster. Social environment modulates senescence, but acts differently between sexes and life stages.
Data from: Crowded developmental environment promotes adult sex-specific nutrient consumption in a polyphagous fly
Background: The fitness of holometabolous insects depends largely on resources acquired at the larval stage. Larval density is an important factor modulating larval resource-acquisition, influencing adult survival, reproduction, and population maintenance. To date, however, our understanding of how larval crowding affects adult physiology and behaviour is limited, and little is known about how larval crowding affects adult non-reproductive ecological traits. Here, larval density in the rearing environment of the polyphagous fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni ('Queensland fruit-fly') was manipulated to generate crowded and uncrowded larval treatments. The effects of larval crowding on pupal weight, adult emergence, adult body weight, energetic reserves, fecundity, feeding patterns, flight ability, as well as adult predation risk were investigated. Results: Adults from the crowded larval treatment had lower adult emergence, body weight, energetic reserves, flight ability and fecundity compared to adults from the uncrowded larval treatment. Adults from the crowded larval treatment had greater total food consumption (i.e., consumption of yeast plus sucrose) relative to body weight for both sexes compared to adults from the uncrowded treatment. Furthermore, males from the crowded treatment consumed more yeast relative to their body weight than males from the uncrowded treatment, while females from the crowded treatment consumed more sucrose relative to their body weight than females from the uncrowded treatment. Importantly, an interaction between the relative consumptions of sucrose and yeast and sex revealed that the density of conspecifics in the developmental environment differentially affects feeding of adult males and females. We found no effect of larval treatment on adult predation probability. However, males were significantly more likely to be captured by ants than females. Conclusion: We show that larvae crowding can have important implications to ecological traits in a polyphagous fly, including traits such as adult energetic reserve, flight ability, and adult sex-specific nutrient intake. Our findings contextualise the effects of larval developmental conditions into a broad ecological framework, hence providing a better understanding of their significance to adult behaviour and fitness. Furthermore, the knowledge presented here can help us better understanding downstream density-dependent effects of mass rearing conditions of this species, with potential relevance to Sterile Insect Technique.
Evolution of sex-specific heat stress tolerance and larval Hsp70 expression in populations of Drosophila melanogaster adapted to larval crowding
<p class="BodyA">The ability to tolerate temperature stress is an important component of adult fitness. In holometabolous insects like <i>Drosophila melanogaster,</i> adult stress resistance can be affected by growth conditions experienced during the larval stages. While evolution under crowded larval conditions is known to lead to the correlated evolution of many adult traits, its consequences on adult heat stress tolerance have not been investigated. Therefore, in the present study, we assessed the adult heat stress tolerance in populations of <i>D.</i><i> </i><i>melanogaster</i> adapted to a stressful larval crowding environment. We used replicate populations of <i>D.</i><i> </i><i>melanogaster</i>, selected for adaptation to larval crowding stress (MCUs), for more than 230 generations, and their respective controls (MBs). Larvae from selected and control populations were grown under crowded and uncrowded conditions and their adult heat shock resistance at two different temperatures was measured. Further, we compared Hsp70 expression in crowded and uncrowded larvae of both populations and also measured the Hsp70 expression after a mild-heat treatment in adults of selected and control populations. Our results showed that adaptation to larval crowding leads to the evolution of Hsp70 gene expression in larval stages and improves adult heat-stress tolerance ability in males, but not in females. </p>
Sex-specific microglial responses to glucocerebrosidase inhibition
<p>Morpho-dynamic analysis occurring in primary cells derived from female and male mice in response to proinflammatory stimulations and glucocerebrosidase inhibition. The work was supported by the EU Joint Programme - Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND) project GBA-PaCTS.</p> <p>Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).</p>
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and Sex-Specific Responses to N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06311045. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: The “unguarded-X” and the genetic architecture of lifespan: Inbreeding results in a potentially maladaptive sex-specific reduction of female lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster
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Data from: Cross-sex genetic correlations and the evolution of sex-specific local adaptation: insights from classical trait clines in Drosophila melanogaster
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Data from: Asymmetric evolutionary responses to sex-specific selection in a hermaphrodite
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Data from: Sex-specific selection under environmental stress in seed beetles
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Data from: Sex-specific but not sexually explicit: pupillary responses to dressed and naked adults
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Data from: Genetic drift in antagonistic genes leads to divergence in sex-specific fitness between experimental populations of Drosophila melanogaster
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Data from: Early and adult social environments shape sex-specific actuarial senescence patterns in a cooperative breeder
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Data from: Do males pay for sex? Sex-specific selection coefficients suggest not
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Data from: Sex-specific effects of inbreeding on reproductive senescence
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Data from: Sex-specific genotype-by-environment interactions for cuticular hydrocarbon expression in decorated crickets, Gryllodes sigillatus: implications for the evolution of signal reliability
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Data from: Sex-specific fitness consequences of nutrient intake and the evolvability of diet preferences
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Data from: Sex-specific heterogeneity in fixed morphological traits influences individual fitness in a monogamous bird population
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Data from: Sex-specific, inverted rhythms of breeding-site attendance in an Arctic seabird
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Data from: Intrinsic differences between males and females determine sex-specific consequences of inbreeding
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Data from: Sex-specific mitonuclear epistasis and the evolution of mitochondrial bioenergetics, ageing and life history in seed beetles
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.