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FIGURE 4 in The missing link: Rhyncogonus Sharp in the Gambier Islands (Coleoptera Curculionidae, Entiminae, Rhyncogonini)
FIGURE 4. Rhyncogonus duhameli sp. nov., holotype. A. Pedon in lateral view. B. Pedon in dorsal view. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 3 in The missing link: Rhyncogonus Sharp in the Gambier Islands (Coleoptera Curculionidae, Entiminae, Rhyncogonini)
FIGURE 3. Rhyncogonus duhameli sp. nov., holotype. A. lateral habitus. B. dorsal habitus. Scale bar = 5.0 mm.
Figures 4-6 in New species and nomenclatural notes in Lobobrachus Sharp (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Pterostichini)
Figures 4-6. Lobobrachus lacerdae Sharp, dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 10 mm.
Data from: Sharp acoustic boundaries across an altitudinal avian hybrid zone despite asymmetric introgression
Birdsong is a sexually selected trait that could play an important evolutionary role when related taxa come into secondary contact. Many songbird species however learn their songs through copying one or more tutors, which complicates the evolutionary outcome of such contact. Two subspecies of a presumed vocal learner, the grey-breasted wood-wren (Henicorhina leucophrys), replace each other altitudinally across the western slope of the Ecuadorian Andes. These subspecies are morphologically very similar, but show striking differences in their song. We examined variation in acoustic traits and genetic composition across the altitudinal range covered by both subspecies and between two allopatric populations. The acoustic boundary between the subspecies was found to be highly abrupt across a narrow elevational range with virtually no evidence of song convergence. Mixed singing and use of hetero-subspecific song occurred in the contact zone and was biased towards the use of leucophrys song types. Hetero-subspecific song copying by hilaris and not by leucophrys reflected a previously found asymmetric pattern of response to song playback. Using AFLP markers, we detected hybridization in the contact zone and asymmetric introgression in parapatric populations, with more leucophrys alleles present in hilaris populations than vice versa. This pattern may be a trail of introgression due to upslope displacement of leucophrys by hilaris. Our data suggest that song learning may impact speciation and hybridization in contrasting ways at different spatial scales: while learning may speed up population divergence in songs, thereby enhancing assortative mating and reducing gene flow, it may at a local level also lead to the copying of heterospecific songs, therefore allowing some level of hybridization and introgression.
Data from: Herbivores enforce sharp boundaries between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems
The transitions between ecosystems (ecotones) are often biodiversity hotspots, but we know little about the forces that shape them. Today, often sharp boundaries with low diversity are found between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. This has been attributed to environmental factors that hamper succession. However, ecosystem properties are often controlled by both bottom-up and top-down forces, but their relative importance in shaping riparian boundaries is not known. We hypothesize that (1) herbivores may enforce sharp transitions between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems by inhibiting emergent vegetation expansion and reducing the width of the transition zone and (2) the vegetation expansion, diversity, and species turnover are related to abiotic factors in the absence of herbivores, but not in their presence. We tested these hypotheses in 50 paired grazed and ungrazed plots spread over ten wetlands, during two years. Excluding grazers increased vegetation expansion, cover, biomass, and species richness. In ungrazed plots, vegetation cover was negatively related to water depth, whereas plant species richness was negatively related to the vegetation N:P ratio. The presence of (mainly aquatic) herbivores overruled the effect of water depth on vegetation cover increase but did not interact with vegetation N:P ratio. Increased local extinction in the presence of herbivores explained the negative effect of herbivores on species richness, as local colonization rates were unaffected by grazing. We conclude that (aquatic) herbivores can strongly inhibit expansion of the riparian vegetation and reduce vegetation diversity over a range of environmental conditions. Consequently, herbivores enforce sharp boundaries between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.
FIGURES 20–23 in A revision of Oocyclus Sharp of Mexico and Central America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
FIGURES 20–23. Oocyclus aedeagi, dorsal views. Scale bars= 0.2mm. –20. O. maculatus Sharp (holotype). –21. O. maculatus Sharp (specimen from Panama). –22. O. muscus n. sp. (holotype). – 23. O. ornatus n. sp. (holotype).
FIGURES 16–19 in A revision of Oocyclus Sharp of Mexico and Central America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
FIGURES 16–19. Oocyclus aedeagi, dorsal views. Scale bars= 0.2mm. –16. O. brevicornis Sharp (specimen from Guatemala). –17. O. catarata n. sp. (holotype). –18. O. funestus n. sp. (holotype). – 19. O. grandis n. sp. (holotype).
FIGURES 24–27 in A revision of Oocyclus Sharp of Mexico and Central America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
FIGURES 24–27. Oocyclus aedeagi, dorsal views. Scale bars= 0.2mm. –24. O. sharpi (holotype). –25. O. substillus n. sp. (holotype). –26. O. tapanti n. sp. (holotype). –27. O. vestitus Sharp (holotype).
FIGURES 1–14 in A new species of the genus Polyschides Pilsbry & Sharp, 1898 (Mollusca, Scaphopoda, Gadilidae) from Brazilian waters
FIGURES 1–14. (1–4) Polyschides xavante new species, Holotype IBUFRJ 14.190 (5.4mm); (5–8) Polyschides tetraschistus, IBUFRJ 2.552 (8.4mm); (9–13) Polyschides portoricensis, (9) Holotype USNM 314.712 (7.0mm), (10–13) IBUFRJ 13.940 (7.8mm); (14) Polyschides tetrodon, Syntype ANSP 71.070 (5.6mm). Scale bars = 1mm (Figs 3, 7 and 12) and 10 m (Figs 4, 8 and 13).
FIGURE 15 in A new species of the genus Polyschides Pilsbry & Sharp, 1898 (Mollusca, Scaphopoda, Gadilidae) from Brazilian waters
FIGURE 15. Discriminant function analysis of shell parameters of Polyschides xavante n.sp, Polyschides tetraschistus and Polyschides portoricensis.
FIGURES 1–6. Oocyclus aedeagi, dorsal views. 1. O in A revision of the Oocyclus Sharp of Thailand with description of six new species (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
FIGURES 1–6. Oocyclus aedeagi, dorsal views. 1. O. viridescens sp. n. 2. O. sitesi sp. n. (holotype). 3. O. namtok sp. n. 4. O. thailensis sp. n. (holotype). 5. O. sumatrensis d'Orchymont (specimen from Thailand). 6. O. melinoventris sp. n. Scale Bar = 0.18 mm.
FIGURES 11–15 in A revision of the Oocyclus Sharp of Thailand with description of six new species (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
FIGURES 11–15. Details of Oocyclus. 11–12. Thoracic sterna. 11. O. melinoventris sp. n. (holotype). 12. O. sitesi sp. n. (holotype). 13–15. Lateral margin of pronotum, with posterolateral corner to the right. 13. O. viridescens sp. n. 14. O. sumatrensis d'Orchymont. 15. O. thailensis sp. n. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 32 in A revision of Oocyclus Sharp of Mexico and Central America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
FIGURE 32. Habitat of Oocyclus species. Costa Rica: Puntarenas Province. Photo by W. Shepard, 18 June 2003.
FIGURES 30–31 in A revision of Oocyclus Sharp of Mexico and Central America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
FIGURES 30–31. Habitat of Oocyclus species. Photos by A. E. Z. Short. –30. Type locality & habitat of O. catarata n. sp., Costa Rica: Alajuela Province, 15.4 km S. Poasito, 16 January 2004. – 31. Collecting locality for O. catarata n. sp., O. funestus n. sp., & O. maculatus Sharp, Costa Rica: Alajuela Province, Catarata del Toro, 15 January 2004.
FIGURES 28–29 in A revision of Oocyclus Sharp of Mexico and Central America (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
FIGURES 28–29. Habitat of Oocyclus species. Photos by A. E. Z. Short. –28. Type locality & habitat of O. muscus n. sp., Costa Rica, Cartago Province, Tapantí National Park, 6 January 2004. – 29. Type locality & habitat of O. tapanti n. sp. and collecting locality for O. maculatus Sharp & O. ornatus n. sp., Costa Rica, Tapantí National Park, 8 January 2004.
FIGURE 7. A. A in Revision of the endemic Hawaiian sap beetle genus Apetasimus Sharp 1908 (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)
FIGURE 7. A. A. sordidus, pronotum (dorsal view); B. A. guttatus, prosternum (lateral view); C. A. guttatus, prosternum (ventral view); D. A. atratus, left elytron, dashed line indicates explanate margin; E. A. sordidus, left elytron, dashed line indicates explanate margin; F. A. sordidus, anal sclerite (ventral view); G. A. kauaiensis, apex of anal sclerite; H. Orthostolus nsp., metafemur (ventral view); I. A. guttatus, metafemur (ventral view); J. A. guttatus, labial palp (ventral view); K. Eupetinus impressus, labial palp (ventral view); L A. atratus, anal sclerite (ventral view).
FIGURE 6 in Revision of the endemic Hawaiian sap beetle genus Apetasimus Sharp 1908 (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)
FIGURE 6. Apetasimus debbiae sp. nov. A. Female genitalia (ventral view); B. Gonocoxae (ventral view); C. Pronotum; D. Female sternite 7; E. Female pygidium; F. Head (dorsal view); G. Prosternal process (ventral view); H. Prosternum (lateral view); I. Left protarsi (dorsal view); J. Elytron, dashed line indicates explanate margin extending from lateral excavation. ad apical depression, ag accessory gland, bc bursa copulatrix, co common oviduct, gx1 gonocoxite 1, gx2 gonocoxite 2, hg hindgut, le lateral excavation, lg lateral groove, ps prestylar setae, spf spicule field (dashed line indicates dorsal limits of field), spd spermathecal duct, spt spermatheca, st stylus, sts stylar setae, v vagina.
FIGURE 4 in Revision of the endemic Hawaiian sap beetle genus Apetasimus Sharp 1908 (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)
FIGURE 4. Apetasimus abstrusus sp. nov. A. Elytron, dashed line indicates explanate margin; B. Head; C. Prosternum (ventral view); D. Prosternum (lateral view); E. Pronotum, dashed lines indicate explanate margins; F. Left protarsi (dorsal view). Apetasimus ganeademus sp. nov. G. Prosternum (lateral view); H. Pronotum; I. Left elytron, dashed line indicates boundary of explanate margin; J. Female pygidium. Apetasimus conditus sp. nov. K. Elytron, dashed line delimits explanate margin; L. Pronotum, dashed lines delimit explanate margins; M. Left mesotarsi (dorsal view). c clypeus, mai median apical impression, el elytral length, v vertex.
FIGURE 2. Apetasimus involucer. A in Revision of the endemic Hawaiian sap beetle genus Apetasimus Sharp 1908 (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)
FIGURE 2. Apetasimus involucer. A. Aedeagus and sac (dorso-lateral view); B. Male perisac (ventral view); C. Aedeagus (ventral view); D. Aedeagus (lateral view); E. Elytron, setal tufts indicated; F. Female pygidium. G. Female sternite 7. H. Male pygidium. I. Male sternite 7. J. Left protarsi (dorsal view). K. Pronotum, dashed line indicates explanate margin; L. Head. M. Tegmen (ventral view); N. Male segment 8 (ventral view). ae anterior excavation, aed aedeagus, di dorsal incision, fl flagellum, lf lateral fold, lp lip of anterior excavation, ma retractor muscle attachment, mt median triangle, pe posterior excavation, s8 sternite 8, sd sperm duct, hl head length, sp sclerites-primary, t8 tergite 8, vi ventral incision, vh ventral hook.
FIGURE 3. Apetasimus involucer. A in Revision of the endemic Hawaiian sap beetle genus Apetasimus Sharp 1908 (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)
FIGURE 3. Apetasimus involucer. A. Female genitalia (ventral view); B. Spermatheca; C. Gonocoxite 2 (ventral view). ad apical depression, ag accessory gland, bc bursa copulatrix, br basal ring, co common oviduct, gx1 gonocoxite 1, gx2 gonocoxite 2, hg hindgut, lg lateral groove, p sclerotized pouch, ps prestylar setae, spf spicule field, spd spermathecal duct, spt spermatheca, st stylus, sts stylar setae, v vagina.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.