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2,691 results for “streams”
Nutrient and microbial characteristics of mountain stream fine benthic organic matter in the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, 1995 to 1996
Numerous studies have examined qualitative shifts in leaf litter composition in the early to middle stages of decomposition. (Suberkropp, Godshalk and Klug 1976, Petersen and Cummins 1974, Findlay and Arsuffi 1989) which have shown that changes in leaf species and composition lead to marked differences in microbial processing rates (Suberkropp and Klug 1976) and that leaf and woody debris decomposition rates are related to both litter C:N and extracellular enzyme activities (Taylor et al. 1989, Sinsabaugh et al. 1992, Sinsabaugh and Linkins 1993). Since most organic matter moves through streams as fine particulate organic matter (FPOM) (Sinsabaugh et al. 1992) it is a potentially important link between terrestrial and aquatic environments. Although there is increasing interest in understanding FPOM dynamics, there have been few studies of factors influencing stream sediment FBOM chemical or microbial characteristics.
Storm nutrient dynamics at Andrews Experimental Forest stream gages, 2001 to 2003
This study examines headwater stream nutrients at stream gaging sites during selected storms in the Andrews Experimental Forest. High frequency storm sampling was conducted to examine flow path dynamics, basin characteristics, seasonal trends, and differing responses and mobility among analytes on streamwater nutrient concentrations and fluxes.
Stream nutrient sampling during winter baseflow conditions in the Andrews Forest and Willamette River Basin, February 2009
To better understand the impact of land use on stream nutrient export, a synoptic sampling of streams draining 57 sub-basins within the Willamette River basin was conducted during winter baseflow conditions. The objective of the study was to assess how streamwater values of stream dissolved organic carbon (DOC), NO3- and Cl- and specific ultra-violet absorbance (SUVA) were related with the proportion of land in the watershed in urban areas, agriculture, and forest. Stream water samples were collected during baseflow conditions in February 2009 throughout the Willamette River basin, including the experimental watersheds (1,2,6,7,8,9,10), Lookout and Mack Creeks at the HJ Andrews Forest. Land use for each point-delineated watershed were determined from published values from the PNWERC dataset (http://www.fsl.orst.edu/pnwerc/wrb/access.html).
Carbon Dynamics in the Hyporheic Zone of a Headwater Mountain Stream in the Cascade Mountains, Oregon – Watershed 1 at HJA – June 2013 to March 2014
This study investigated carbon dynamics in the hyporheic zone of a steep, forested catchment in the Cascade Mountains of western Oregon, USA. Water samples were collected monthly from a headwater stream and well network during baseflow conditions from July to December 2013 and again in March 2014. We also sampled during one fall storm event, collecting pre-storm, rising leg, and extended high flow samples. The well network is located at the base of Watershed 1 (WS1) of the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest and spans the full width of the floodplain (~14 m) along a 29 m reach of stream. We measured pH, temperature, water level, major anions, major cations, DOC, DIC, and total alkalinity. Flow paths, travel time to wells and hydraulic conductivity were available from previous studies.
Lotic Intersite Nitrogen eXperiment II (LINX II): a cross-site study of the effects of anthropogenic land use change on nitrate uptake and retention in 72 streams across 8 different biomes (2003 – 2006).
The LINX II (Lotic Intersite Nitrogen eXperiment) project was designed to quantify the rates and mechanisms of nitrate retention in streams using stable isotope tracer additions. The study encompassed 72 stream reaches spread across 8 North American biomes. Within each biome, 9 streams were selected in three watershed land-use categories: 3 reference, 3 agricultural, and 3 urbanized. The core of the study was a 24-hour release of 15N- labeled nitrate. Prior to the isotope addition, physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the stream were measured. The measurements included, but were not limited to, dissolved nutrient concentrations, dissolved conservative tracer additions (to quantify hydraulic and hyporheic retention, velocity and discharge), standing stocks of primary uptake biota (including suspended and benthic particulate materials) as well as channel dimensions, photosynthetically active radiation, and water temperature. During the isotope release, whole stream rates of ecosystem metabolism were quantified (including quantification of re-aeration coefficients using tracer gas additions), and concentrations of 15N-labeled NO3, NH4, N2 and N2O were measured. Immediately following the isotope addition, 15N uptake by aquatic organisms was quantified by sampling biomass components on the stream bed. The data generated from these 72 stream reaches were used to develop a stream nitrogen retention model for each biome, which was expanded to entire drainage networks to predict nitrogen fluxes. The LINX II study demonstrated how biotic uptake of nitrate and denitrification increased with increasing nitrate concentrations. However, the efficiency of total uptake and denitrification actually declined with increasing nitrate concentrations (such as those seen on agricultural or urbanized streams), yielding higher rates of dissolved nitrogen exports downstream. The datasets presented here consist of the primary data collected by the LINX II study participants.
Chemistry from thermokarst impacted soils, lakes, and streams near Toolik Lake Alaska, 2008-2011.
This file contains data collected from thermokarst impacted soils, lakes, and streams near Toolik Lake Alaska. Data are also presented for experimental manipulations of water (e.g., time course experiments). Sample descriptors include a unique sortchem #, site, date, time, depth, distance, elevation, treatment, date-time, category, and water type (e.g., lake, surface, soil). Physical/chemical measures collected in the field include temperature, conductivity, and pH. Chemical analyses performed later include alkalinity; dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC and DOC); inorganic and total dissolved nutrients (NH4, PO4, NO3, TDN, TDP); particulate carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus (PC, PN, and PP); cations (Ca, Mg, Na, K, and Si); anions (SO4 and Cl); chlorophyll a, and oxygen. Note that archived data from before the NSF ARCSS-Thermokarst project started in 2009, and funded by NSF from 1988-2008 (e.g., by the NSF ARC LTER), are included in this dataset.
Three synoptic surveys of streams throughout a 48km2 watershed near Toolik Lake, AK in spring (early-June), summer (mid-July), and fall (mid-September) 2011.
To determine temporal and spatial patterns in arctic stream biogeochemistry we conducted three synoptic surveys of streams throughout a 48km2 watershed near Toolik Lake, AK in spring (early-June), summer (mid-July), and fall (mid-September) 2011. During each synoptic survey, we sampled 52 sites within a period of four days to minimize the effect of temporal hydrologic variability. At each site we measured stream temperature, pH, and conductivity and sampled water for solute analysis.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Denitrification potential in riparian zones and streams
Denitrification potential and a series of ancillary variables (inorganic nitrogen concentrations, moisture content, organic matter content, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content, potential net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification, microbial respiration, root biomass) has been measured in riparian zone soils and stream geomorphic features by a series of undergraduate and graduate student researchers as part of the Baltimore Ecosystem Study since the early 2000s. These studies often center on the series of sites where there has been long-term monitoring (since 2000) of riparian water tables and groundwater chemistry along four first or second order steams in and around the Gwynns Falls watershed in Baltimore City and County, MD (https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/f7721ec5a4fab5b031f8056824e07e7d). One site is in the completely forested Pond Branch catchment that serves as a "reference" study area for the Baltimore LTER (BES). Two sites (Glyndon, Gwynbrook) are in suburban areas of the watershed; one just upstream from the Glyndon BES long-term stream monitoring site in the headwaters of the Gwynns Falls, and one along a tributary that enters the Gwynns Falls just above the Gwynnbrook BES long-term stream monitoring site farther downstream. The final, urban site (Cahill) is along a tributary to the Gwynns Falls in Leakin Park in the urban core of the watershed. Other sites were used in different studies as described in the publications associated with each study. The different studies also varied in just which ancillary variables were measured.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Stream metabolism data for core sites in Gwynns Falls
An ongoing component of the Baltimore urban long-term ecological research (LTER) project (Baltimore Ecosystem Study, BES) is the use of the watershed approach and monitoring of stream water quality to evaluate the integrated ecosystem functioning of Baltimore. The LTER research has focused on the Gwynns Falls watershed, which spans a gradient from highly urban, urban-residential, and suburban zones. In addition, a forested watershed serves as a reference. The long-term sampling network includes four longitudinal sampling sites along the Gwynns Falls mainstem, as well as several small (40-100 ha) watershed within or near the Gwynns Falls, providing data on water quality in different land use zones of the watersheds. Each study site is continuously monitored for discharge and is sampled weekly for water chemistry. Those data are available elsewhere on the BES website. We are interested in studying the bioreactivity of streams in our watersheds in an attempt to quantify how streams themselves may affect or be affected by water quality. To assess the bioreactivity of streams, we measure whole stream metabolism, which is an integrative metric which quantifies the production and consumption of energy by a stream ecosystem. Stream metabolism represents how energy is created (primary production) and used (respiration) within a stream; it can be thought of as a stream breathing, with primary production being similar to an inhale, and respiration as an exhale. We are monitoring stream metabolism in each of our long-term water quality monitoring stations by deploying sensors that record dissolve oxygen and temperature of the stream every five minutes, and we also have deployed light sensors to record irradiance every five minutes at long-term BES water chemistry streams, which is needed for metabolism modeling. In addition, each dissolved oxygen sensor is located near a USGS gage which estimates discharge every 15 minutes. We used USGS manual discharge estimations linked with
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Stream biofilm bacterial community composition
The Baltimore Ecosystem Study stream biofilm bacterial community composition was obtained from 8 long-term sampling network sites in and near the Gwynns Falls watershed to examine how bacterial communities differ along an urban-rural gradient. Sampling was conducted at the same time as stream chemistry sampling on 18 June 2014 and 21 Oct 2014. Note: biofilm samples were taken about 50 meters east from the Carroll Park monitoring station, just under the I95 highway overpass, due to high water depth, high water flow, and lack of rock substrates for sampling. This dataset presents the number of sequences matching the taxonomic classifications in a reference database of 16S rRNA genes. See the full metadata record for detailed methods.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Stream chemistry for Gwynns Falls Upper Tributaries
In the Baltimore urban long-term ecological research (LTER) project, (Baltimore Ecosystem Study, BES) we use the watershed approach to evaluate integrated ecosystem function. The LTER research is centered on the Gwynns Falls watershed, a 17,150 ha catchment that traverses a gradient from the urban core of Baltimore, through older urban residential (1900 - 1950) and suburban (1950- 1980) zones, rapidly suburbanizing areas and a rural/suburban fringe. Our long-term sampling network includes four longitudinal sampling sites along the Gwynns Falls as well as several small (40 - 100 ha) watersheds located within or near to the Gwynns Falls. The longitudinal sites provide data on water and nutrient fluxes in the different land use zones of the watershed (rural/suburban, rapidly suburbanizing, old suburban, urban core) and the small watersheds provide more focused data on specific land use areas (forest, agriculture, rural/suburban, urban). Each of the gaging sites is continuously monitored for discharge and is sampled weekly for chemistry. Additional chemical sampling is carried out in a supplemental set of sites to provide a greater range of land use. Weekly analyses includes nitrate, phosphate, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chloride and sulfate, total suspended solids, turbidity, fecal coliforms, temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH. Cations, dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen and metals are measured on selected samples. This dataset presents stream chemistry from the Upper Gwynns Falls tributaries. From April 1999 to August 2000 Johns Hopkins University graduate student Mark Colosimo sampled a group of sites in the Upper Gwynns Falls (Red Run, Horsehead Branch, Scotts Level Branch, Holly Branch). There were two sites in the Red Run drainage. This watershed drains approximately 19 km2 and has been rapidly suburbanizing since the early 1990s. Percent impervious surface was approximately 10% as of 2002. Sampling station Red Run 1 (RR1) was approximately 35 m upstre
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Stream chemistry for Cub Hill sites
In the Baltimore urban long-term ecological research (LTER) project, (Baltimore Ecosystem Study, BES) we use the watershed approach to evaluate integrated ecosystem function. The LTER research is centered on the Gwynns Falls watershed, a 17,150 ha catchment that traverses a gradient from the urban core of Baltimore, through older urban residential (1900 - 1950) and suburban (1950- 1980) zones, rapidly suburbanizing areas and a rural/suburban fringe. Our long-term sampling network includes four longitudinal sampling sites along the Gwynns Falls as well as several small (40 - 100 ha) watersheds located within or near to the Gwynns Falls. The longitudinal sites provide data on water and nutrient fluxes in the different land use zones of the watershed (rural/suburban, rapidly suburbanizing, old suburban, urban core) and the small watersheds provide more focused data on specific land use areas (forest, agriculture, rural/suburban, urban). Each of the gaging sites is continuously monitored for discharge and is sampled weekly for chemistry. Additional chemical sampling is carried out in a supplemental set of sites to provide a greater range of land use. Weekly analyses includes nitrate, phosphate, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chloride and sulfate, turbidity, fecal coliforms, temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH. Cations, dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen and metals are measured on selected samples. This dataset presents stream chemistry from the Cub Hill stream sites. The Cub Hill site is 14 km from the Baltimore city center (39 degrees 24'30.20N, 76 degrees 30'50.62W) and is the location of the first permanent urban carbon flux tower in an urban/suburban environment, established in 2001 by the U.S. Forest Service. Three stream monitoring sites were established in the residential area in the footprint of the tower; Jennifer Branch at North Wind Rd. (JBNW) and two headwater tributaries to Jennifer Branch: Harford Hills (JBHH) and Ontario (JBON). These sites were sa
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Stream chemistry for Watershed 263 sites
In the Baltimore urban long-term ecological research (LTER) project, (Baltimore Ecosystem Study, BES) we use the watershed approach to evaluate integrated ecosystem function. The LTER research is centered on the Gwynns Falls watershed, a 17,150 ha catchment that traverses a gradient from the urban core of Baltimore, through older urban residential (1900 - 1950) and suburban (1950- 1980) zones, rapidly suburbanizing areas and a rural/suburban fringe. Our long-term sampling network includes four longitudinal sampling sites along the Gwynns Falls as well as several small (40 - 100 ha) watersheds located within or near to the Gwynns Falls. The longitudinal sites provide data on water and nutrient fluxes in the different land use zones of the watershed (rural/suburban, rapidly suburbanizing, old suburban, urban core) and the small watersheds provide more focused data on specific land use areas (forest, agriculture, rural/suburban, urban). Each of the gaging sites is continuously monitored for discharge and is sampled weekly for chemistry. Additional chemical sampling is carried out in a supplemental set of sites to provide a greater range of land use. Weekly analyses includes nitrate, phosphate, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chloride and sulfate, turbidity, fecal coliforms, temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH. Cations, dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen and metals are measured on selected samples. This dataset presents stream chemistry from the Watershed 263 subwatersheds. Watershed 263 is a 364 ha urban storm drain watershed (or sewershed), with 30,000 residents with mixed industrial, institutional, and residential land uses. In March 2004, we established monitoring sites in two sub-watersheds within W263 (Baltimore Street and Lanvale Street). Both are approximately 17 ha with 50% impervious surface and 4% vegetation cover.
BNZ Stream Flow Data for submission to EcoTrends
This datafile if a product dataset that is for submission to the EcoTrends project with the LTER program. Data for a selected site was checked for quality issues and aggregated to a single daily average value. The source data can be accessed in the dataset Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed: Daily Flow Rates for C2, C3, C4 (http://www.lter.uaf.edu/data_detail.cfm?datafile_pkey=142).
Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest GIS Data: Stream Lines
This data package contains the streams lines generated for 63,360 Digital Line Grafics (DLG) in and near our research areas in the Bonanza Creek Experimental forest. Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data.
Impacts of wildfire on stream water chemistry in the Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed during the summers of 2002-2007
The hydrogeochemistry of two streams (C1 and P6) in the Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed (CPCRW) during the summers of 2002-2007. The P6 sub-catchment of the CPCRW was extensively burned during the Boundary Fire of 2004. Samples were analyzed for Ca, Mg, Na, K, NO3, SO4, DOC, TDN, SUVA and conductivity.
Stream TASCC nutrient additions conducted in headwater streams of the Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed (CPCRW) and along the Steese Highway during the summer of 2013.
Instantaneous additions of acetate-DOM, birch leachate-DOM, N+P, N alone, and P alone were conducted in headwater streams of the Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed (CPCRW) and along the Steese Highway during the summer of 2013 to characterize how DOM affected uptake of inorganic N and P. Nutrient uptake was calculated using the TASCC method (Covino et al. 2010) and stream water chemistry was analyzed by colorimetric and chromatographic methods.
Denitrification and N2O potential of streams, lakes and uplands in boreal Alaska
Includes: denitrification enzymatic activity (denitrate), N2O production potential, relative production of N2O (fN2O), AFDM, extractable, stream water and pore water NO3, NH4, DOC, thaw depth of upland sites, bulk density. A warming climate causes permafrost to thaw, especially in the region of discontinuous permafrost, where soil temperatures may only be a few degrees below 0 degC. Permafrost thaw may be exacerbated by more frequent and severe fires that remove insulating organic layers above permafrost. Soil thaw releases carbon and nitrogen (N) into the actively cycling pools, and whereas carbon emissions following permafrost thaw are well documented, the fates of N remain unclear. Denitrification could release thawed N as nitrous oxide (N2O) or nitrogen gas (N2), but the contributions of these processes to the high-latitude N cycle remain uncertain. We quantified microbial capacity for denitrification and N2O production in boreal soils, lakes, and streams, and assessed correlates of denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA) in Interior Alaska. Across all landscape positions, DEA under anoxia and nitrate and organic carbon amendment was 4.15 microgram N2O-N /kg dry soil*h (range -6.39 to 479.94). Riparian soils and stream sediments supported the highest potential rates of denitrification, upland soils were intermediate, and lakes supported lower rates, whereas deep permafrost soils supported little denitrification. Time-since-fire had no effect on denitrification potential in upland soils. Across all landscape positions, DEA was negatively correlated with ammonium pools. Within each landscape position, potential rate of denitrification increased with soil or sediment organic matter content. Widespread N loss to denitrification in the boreal forest could constrain the capacity for N-limited primary producers to maintain carbon stocks in soils following permafrost thaw.
Dissolved organic carbon (doc) in stream water at watersheds 7, 14, and 27 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Otto, North Carolina, USA.
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) plays a critical role in stream ecosystem processes. This study seeks to examine long-term patterns in DOC concentration in stream water resulting from climatic variation and associated with recovery form clear-cutting. Watershed 7 was clear-cut in 1977 as part of a multi-investigator study examining the response of both the terrestrial and aquatic communities to commercial clear-cutting.
Habitat availability estimates of LTER 100 m stream sites at the Coweeta Hydrologic Lab from 1991 to 1998
Habitat availability measurements were recorded biannually along with electrofishing (different Project) starting in late summer 1991. Data was collected each spring and late summer from 1991-1998, in order to examine changes in fish assemblage structure along the habitat gradient.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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