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2,833 results for “utility”
An inventory of crop wild relatives and wild-utilized plants in Canada
<p><span>In the face of global pressures of change and biodiversity loss, crop wild relatives (CWR) and wild-utilized plants (WUS) urgently require conservation attention. To advance conservation, we assembled a national inventory of CWR and WUS in Canada. To assess current ex situ conservation, we gathered a virtual metacollection of CWR and WUS accession data from national genebanks and from botanical gardens. The inventory includes 779 CWR and WUS taxa (658 distinct species), with 263 (222 distinct species) that are related to food crops of global and national importance such as blueberry and cranberry, apple, stone fruits, strawberry, sunflower and saskatoon. Sixty-one food crop CWR taxa are prioritized for breeding potential, and sixteen due to conservation threats. Although most food crop CWR are represented in ex situ collections (91% of species), representation of within-species diversity is low (median = 5% of Canadian ecogeographic types represented per species). Poor representation of within-species diversity demands an integrative conservation strategy that emphasizes <em>in situ</em> protection especially focusing on wild-populations in Canada's southern ecoregions where diversity is concentrated. While genebank collections represent more species and higher accession counts per species, botanical gardens include living collections of charismatic fruit crop relatives and other woody-perennials that are well situated to advance conservation by raising broader awareness of CWR and WUS. To promote further conservation, we present a web application that enables conservation planners and practitioners to identify local CWR and WUS diversity and to identify within-species ecogeographic types that are underrepresented in <em>ex situ</em> conservation systems. </span></p>
Dataset related to the publication "Recent advances in Fabry-Perot-based refractometry utilizing gas modulation for assessment of pressureDataset related to the publication"
<p>The data set consists of; The published paper, all figures that present measurement or simulation data in .png and .fig format and the underlying data plotted in the figures in text format. The published plots were generated from the fig files. The text files were generated by reading the plotted data from the fig files. The files are named Fig_XX were XX corresponds to the figure number in the publication. The format of the text file is as follows. Before every data set there is a header consisting of; The number of the subplot where the data is plotted (Plot: XX), the number of the data set in the sub plot (DataSet: XX), and the color of the line or marker in the plot (Color: XX). The description of what each color represents can be found in the publication.</p>
Dataset for: Long-term soil warming decreases microbial phosphorus utilization by increasing abiotic phosphorus sorption and losses
<p><span>Phosphorus (P) is an essential and often limiting element that could play a crucial role in terrestrial ecosystem responses to climate warming. However, it has yet remained unclear how different P cycling processes are affected by warming. Here we investigated the response of soil P pools and P cycling processes in a mountain forest after 14 years of soil warming (+4°C). Long-term warming decreased soil total P pools, likely due to higher outputs of P from soils by increasing net plant P uptake and downward transportation of colloidal and particulate P. Warming increased the sorption strength to more recalcitrant soil P fractions (absorbed to iron oxyhydroxides and clays), thereby further reducing bioavailable P in soil solution. As a response, soil microbes enhanced the production of acid phosphatase, though this was not sufficient to avoid decreases of soil bioavailable P and microbial biomass P (and biotic phosphate immobilization). This study therefore highlights how long-term soil warming triggers changes in biotic and abiotic soil P pools and processes, which can potentially aggravate the P constraints of the trees and soil microbes and thereby negatively affect the C sequestration potential of these forests.</span></p>
Utilizing traditional and remote sensing techniques to assess Colorado potato beetle host preference in the Columbia Basin -- Derived data 2020 & 2021
<p>This is derived data from a remote sensing experiment performed in 2020 and 2021. This repository contains .csv and .R files that can be used to replicate the analysis presented here:</p> <p><a href="https://zenodo.org/record/6859791#.Y-K6ky-B1z8">https://zenodo.org/record/6859791#.Y-K6ky-B1z8</a></p> <p>If you have any questions or comments regarding this dataset please contact Dr. Max Feldman via email: max.feldman@usda.gov</p>
Utilizing traditional and remote sensing techniques to assess Colorado potato beetle host preference in the Columbia Basin -- 2020 Data
<p>This is a remote sensing dataset collected in 2020 that contains orthomosaic images, shape files, analysis scripts, and derived numerical data from each plot. Data was collected using the protocol described here:</p> <p><a href="https://www.protocols.io/view/usda-ars-potato-genetics-lab-drone-data-collection-bp2l6148dvqe/v1">https://www.protocols.io/view/usda-ars-potato-genetics-lab-drone-data-collection-bp2l6148dvqe/v1</a></p> <p>Provided are "field map" files that denote the location and contents of each plot, a folder from each date that contains the 5 band orthomosiac, surface model image, a cropped and rotated image, shape files indicating the location of each plot, and derived data. The analysis can be replicated by following along with workflow listed in file named: rondon_cpb_2020.R. Derived data from this experiment can be found it the file named: "Rondon_CPB_data_2020_UAS_all.csv"<br> <br> If you have any questions or comments regarding this dataset please contact Dr. Max Feldman via email: max.feldman@usda.gov</p>
Training datasets of size 1K, 3K, and 9K for four utility function variants
<p>The datasets include 1K, 3K, and 9K training data points that are used for training utility-change prediction models in systems with ground truth from four different mathematical complexities:</p> <ul> <li>Linear utility function</li> <li>Saturating utility function</li> <li>Discontinuous utility function</li> <li>Combined utility function ( combining the above three variants)</li> </ul>
PACT Cost utility assessment data
<p>Data to support a cost utility assessment of the Collaborative Pharmaceutical Care at Tallaght Hospital (PACT) study</p>
Data for: Who defines the "personal utility" of genetic and genomic testing?
<div> <div> <div> <p><strong>Importance</strong>: Expansion in the clinical use of genetic and genomic testing has led to a recognition that these tests provide personal as well as clinical utility to patients and families. It is essential to ensure that members of diverse sociodemographic backgrounds are included in defining and measuring personal utility.</p> <p><strong>Objective</strong>: To determine the demographics of participants contributing to the development of a definition of personal utility for genetic and genomic testing.</p> <p><strong>Evidence</strong> <strong>Review</strong>: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase for peer-reviewed literature published between 2003 and January 2022 on the personal utility of genetic or genomic sequencing. Our review included both qualitative and quantitative studies with samples that included patients, their family members, or the general public. Eligible studies could examine any clinical genetic or genomic test and required the use of the term "utility." Authors extracted and reviewed study and participant characteristics including number of participants, study location (U.S. or international), primary methodology (qualitative or quantitative), race and ethnicity, gender, income, and education data.</p> <p><strong>Findings</strong>: Our final review included 53 studies and 13,315 total participants. Gender was provided for 95.6% of participants (n=12,724), of whom 61.5% were female (n=7,823). Race and/or ethnicity was provided for 83.0% of participants (n=11,048), of whom 82.2% (n=9,083) were White. The remaining participants were identified as Hispanic/Latinx (5.5%, n=607), Asian American and Pacific Islander (3.8%, n=421), Black (3.5%, n=387), multiracial (0.2%, n=27), and various other racial or ethnic categories (3.7%, n=412). Educational attainment was reported for 82.6% of participants. Among these participants, 71.2% (n=7,830) had a bachelor's degree or higher. Income was reported for 66.5% of participants (n=8,857), and 66% of these participants (n=5,831) reported income above the U.S. median.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions and Relevance</strong>: Our results suggest that the concept of personal utility in genetic and genomic testing in the U.S. is disproportionately defined by the perspectives of a narrow subset of the population – specifically non-Hispanic White, well-educated women with above-average household incomes. If we are to provide equitable care in the areas of genomics and genetics, we will need to expand research to include more diverse and representative samples.</p> </div> </div> </div>
Brazilian Starter Data Kit Update to Support the Paper "Integrated Long-Term Expansion Planning and Short-Term Operation Assessment for Decarbonisation Pathways in Brazil Considering Utility-Scale Storage"
<p>This dataset presents updates on the Brazilian starter data kit, considering current load profile data and specific renewable energy sources production, using public data from official Brazilian power system agents. The dataset contains the input data and respective files to run OSeMOSYS and Flextool, including the utility-scale storage model. Additionally, this dataset contains the results of the study "Integrated Long-Term Expansion Planning and Short-Term Operation Assessment for Decarbonisation Pathways in Brazil Considering Utility-Scale Storage". This study evaluates the increase in variable renewable energy in Brazil and its integration with Storage systems. </p>
Fig. 3 in Description of five new species of frog-biting midges (Diptera, Corethrellidae) from Brazil and examination of new morphological characters with utility for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies
Fig. 3. Collecting immatures in Palmeiras, Bahia, 26 Feb. 2020.
Data from: Resolving a heated debate: the utility of prescribed burning as a management tool for biodiversity on lowland heath
<p>We investigated the impact of prescribed burning and vegetation cutting on a chronisequence of heathland sites (107 in total) in the New Forest National Park, Hampshire, UK. We present data for vegetation cover, canopy active invertebrates collected with sweep nets and ground active invertebrates collected using pitfall traps.</p> <p>Using a multi-trophic approach, we compared the ecological impact of prescribed burning with two types of vegetation cutting (swiping and baling) as management tools for biodiversity outcomes for up to 20 years after management. Indicators included: Common Standards Monitoring assessment (CSM); vegetation species assemblage; invertebrate biodiversity; and available food resources for two characteristic heathland birds – the Dartford Warbler <em>Sylvia</em> <em>undata</em> and the Nightjar <em>Caprimulgus</em> <em>europaeus</em>. When compared with swiped sites, areas managed by prescribed burning resulted in: better habitat condition (assessed by CSM); higher cover of heathers; lower bracken cover; more areas of bare ground. We found no evidence that burning is detrimental for the investigated components of biodiversity. Cutting by swiping did not replicate the benefits of burning. Swiping supported grassland conditions that suit non-heathland species. Baling resulted in habitat conditions similar to prescribed burning but restricted replication of baled sites limited our conclusions. However, swiped sites supported high invertebrate abundance and diversity, including food resources for Dartford Warbler and Nightjar.</p>
Large-scale exploration of nitrogen utilization efficiency in Asia region for rice crop: variation patterns and determinants
<p><span>Improving rice nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE) is imperative to maximizing future food productivity while minimizing environmental threats, yet knowledge of its variation and the underlying regulatory factors is still lacking. Here, we integrated a dataset with 21,571 data compiled by available data from peer-reviewed literature and a large-scale field survey to address this knowledge gap. The overall results revealed great variations in rice NUtE, which were mainly associated with human activities, climate conditions and rice variety. Specifically, N supply rate, temperature and precipitation were the foremost determinants of rice NUtE, and NUtE responses to climatic change differed among rice varieties. Further prediction highlighted the improved rice NUtE with the increasing latitude or longitude. The <em>indica</em> and <em>hybrid</em> rice exhibited higher NUtE in low-latitude regions compared to <em>japonica</em> and <em>inbred</em> rice, respectively. Collectively, our results evaluated the primary drivers of rice NUtE variations and predicted the geographical responses of NUtE in different varieties. Linking the global variations in rice NUtE with environmental factors and geographical adaptability provides valuable agronomic and ecological insights into the regulation of rice NUtE.</span></p>
Ethical Considerations in Utilizing Technology to Combat Economic Crime
<p>This presentation was offered by Dr. Costantino Grasso (please see bio below), during the international conference entitled <strong>“Economic Crime in the Age of Technology (ECAT)</strong>,” which was dedicated to exploring the still untapped potential of utilizing technological advancements to counter economic crime. ECAT was held both in person at Manchester Law School and online on Zoon on the 5th of July 2023. The presentation was entitled “Ethical Considerations in Utilizing Technology to Combat Economic Crime”.</p> <p><em><strong>Abstract </strong></em><br> The rapid advancements in technology have paved the way for innovative solutions in combating economic crime. Despite the evident innovative potential of technology in this area, it is nevertheless necessary to analyze the potential risks and ethical dilemmas associated with these technological advancements. This presentation will discuss this issue, focusing on the need to establish not only internal controls but also external and independent monitoring systems on how these new technologies can be integrated for the purpose of countering financial crime, particularly within the corporate environment.<br> <br> <em><strong>Speaker’s Bio</strong></em><br> Costantino is an Associate Professor in Business and Law at Manchester Law School, Founder and Editor in Chief of the Corporate Crime Observatory and the Corporate Social Responsibility and Business Ethics Blog. He specializes in corporate and economic crime, corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, and whistleblowing. He serves as an international expert on corruption and good governance for the Council of Europe and has acted as a Principal Investigator for both EU-funded and NATO-funded international research projects.<br> <br> The international conference entitled “Economic Crime in the Age of Technology (ECAT)” was organized by Dr. Costantino Grasso - Associate Professor in Law at Manchester Law School, Dr. Donato Vozza - Senior Lecturer in Law at Roehampton University, and Dr. Alessio Faccia - Assistant Professor in Finance at the University of Birmingham Dubai. For more information about the event please see the Corporate Crime Observatory at https://www.corporatecrime.co.uk/economic-crime-and-technology</p>
Data from: Phenotypic plasticity of antibiotic resistance, metabolism byproduct utilization and the evolution of mutually beneficial cooperation in Escherichia coli
<p><span>Although tag-based donation and recognition have well explained how the cooperative individuals are positively assorted if the cooperative individuals possess some signals and are also able to detect such signals, an additional mechanism is required to explain why some individuals pay the costs of evolving such a tag that may not be rewarded subsequently, and how such tag-based cooperative individuals will meet other similar individuals with a very low mutation rate. Here, we show that many and even all<em> Escherichia coli </em>bacteria cells in the increased antibiotic concentration will plastically evolve to be antibiotic resistant individuals who could protect antibiotic sensitive strain from the attack of antibiotics, and the antibiotic resistant strain could reversibly evolve to be antibiotic sensitive in non-antibiotic supplement medium but in a harsher environment with low glucose. A further experiment showed that antibiotic-sensitive <em>E. coli </em>strain could in turn help reduce the concentration of indole produced by the resistant strain. This metabolic product is harmful to the growth of the antibiotic-resistant strain but benefits the antibiotic-sensitive strain by helping turn on the multi-drug exporter to discharge the antibiotic. The utilization of metabolism byproduct indole produced by antibiotic-resistant cells benefits antibiotic-sensitive cells, while the indole-absorbing service of antibiotic sensitive cells unconsciously help in nullifying the indole side effect on antibiotic resistant strain, and a mutual benefit cooperation could therefore evolve.</span></p>
Frequency Tunable Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvester Utilizing Piecewise Linear Nonlinearity Dataset
<p>This is the data gathered during the experiments referenced in the manuscript. All files are .mat and native to Matlab. The variable "time' is the time array gathered during operation corresponding to the 'data' array of the same length. 'data' contains 2-3 columns depending on the file. The first column is always the base displacement voltage output, the second is the mass displacement voltage output, and if a third column is included then this is the measured voltage at the load applied to the harvester.</p>
Motor cortex analogue neurons in songbirds utilize Kv3 subunits to generate ultranarrow spikes
<p>Complex motor skills in vertebrates require specialized upper motor neurons with precise action potential (AP) firing. To examine how diverse populations of upper motor neurons subserve distinct functions and the specific repertoire of ion channels involved, we conducted a thorough study of the excitability of upper motor neurons controlling somatic motor function in the zebra finch. We found that robustus arcopallialis projection neurons (RAPNs), key command neurons for song production, exhibit ultranarrow spikes and higher firing rates compared to neurons controlling non-vocal somatic motor functions (AId neurons). Pharmacological and molecular data indicate that this striking difference is associated with the higher expression in RAPNs of high threshold, fast-activating voltage-gated Kv3 channels likely containing Kv3.1 subunits. The spike waveform and Kv3.1 expression in RAPNs mirror properties of Betz cells, specialized upper motor neurons involved in fine digit control in humans and other primates but absent in rodents. Our study thus provides evidence that songbirds and primates have convergently evolved the use of Kv3.1 to ensure precise, rapid AP firing in upper motor neurons controlling fast and complex motor skills.</p>
Dataset for: Utilizing high-resolution genetic markers to track population-level exposure of migratory birds to renewable energy development
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>With new motivation to increase the proportion of energy demands met by zero-carbon sources, there is a greater focus on efforts to assess and mitigate the impacts of renewable energy development on sensitive ecosystems and wildlife, of which birds are of particular interest. One challenge for researchers, due in part to a lack of appropriate tools, has been estimating the effects from such development on individual breeding populations of migratory birds. To help address this, we utilize a newly developed, high-resolution genetic tagging method to rapidly identify the breeding population of origin of carcasses recovered from renewable energy facilities and combine them with maps of genetic variation across geographic space (called 'genoscapes') for five species of migratory birds known to be exposed to energy development, to assess the extent of population-level effects on migratory birds. We demonstrate that most avian remains collected were from the largest populations of a given species. In contrast, those remains from smaller, declining populations made up a smaller percentage of the total number of birds assayed. Results suggest that application of this genetic tagging method can successfully define population-level exposure to renewable energy development and may be a powerful tool to inform future siting and mitigation activities associated with renewable energy programs.</span></p>
EEG Dataset and Processing script Associated with the Manuscript, "Using the Time-varying Drift Rate, the Signal Suppression and the Utility Maximisation to Account for Road Crossing Decisions".
<p>The repository archived the behavioural data (zip files) associated with the EEG experiment and the MATLAB script for EEG processing. BDFs stored the down-sampled EEG. </p>
Enhancing Patient Ability to Understand and Utilize Complex Information Concerning Medication Self-management
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02820038. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Community Health Workers in an Interdisciplinary Outpatient CKD Clinic to Optimize Social Care Navigation, Patient Engagement, and Home Dialysis Utilization
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06925776. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 14.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.