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Figs 7–10. Gyrinus sachalinensis Kamyia, 1936 in New data on water beetles (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Noteridae, Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae, Elmidae) of Primorsky Krai (Russia)

Figs 7–10. Gyrinus sachalinensis Kamyia, 1936 from floodplain of the Serebryany Stream: 7–8 — habitus, dorsal (7) and ventral (8) view; 9 — ninth sternite; 10 — male genitalia, lateral and dorsal view. Photographs by K.V. Makarov. Рис. 7–10. Gyrinus sachalinensis Kamyia, 1936 иЗ поймы СеребрЯного ручьЯ: 7–8 — габитус, сверху (7) и сниЗу (8); 9 — девЯтый стернит; 10 — гениталии самца, сбоку и сверху. Фотографии К.В. Макарова.

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Figs 1–5. Ametor scabrosus Horn, 1873 in New data on water beetles (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Noteridae, Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae, Elmidae) of Primorsky Krai (Russia)

Figs 1–5. Ametor scabrosus Horn, 1873, holotype and paratype of Hydrocassis lucifer Shatrovskiy, 1989: 1 — habitus, ventral view; 2 — aedeagus; 3, 5 — labels; 4 — habitus, dorsal view; 1–3 — holotype; 4–5 — paratype. Photographs by V.M. Loktionov. Рис. 1–5. Ametor scabrosus Horn, 1873; голотип и паратип Hydrocassis lucifer Shatrovskiy, 1989: 1 — габитус, сниЗу; 2 — Эдеагус; 3, 5 — Этикетки; 4 — габитус, сверху; 1–3 — голотип, 4–5 — паратип. Фотографии В.М. Локтионова.

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Fig. 6 in The colonisation of the Tyrrhenian Islands by Hydraena water beetles, with Hydraena reflexa Rey, 1884 reinstated as a valid species endemic to Corsica and Sardinia (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae)

Fig. 6 Hydraena species, Calabria and Sardinia. A) Hydraena pygmaea male Calabria, Sila, Camigliatello, habitus; B) Hydraena pygmaea female Calabria, Sila, Camigliatello, habitus; C) Hydraena reflexa male Sardinia, Aritzo, habitus; D) Hydraena pygmaea

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Fig. 5 Hydraena species, male leg modifications. A–B Hydraena reflexa Rey, Monte d in The colonisation of the Tyrrhenian Islands by Hydraena water beetles, with Hydraena reflexa Rey, 1884 reinstated as a valid species endemic to Corsica and Sardinia (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae)

Fig. 5 Hydraena species, male leg modifications. A–B Hydraena reflexa Rey, Monte d'Oro, Corsica; C–D Hydraena pygmaea Waterhouse, Ruddycleave Water, South Devon, UK. A & C mid legs; B & D hind legs. Scale bar = 0.50 mm

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Fig. 2 in The colonisation of the Tyrrhenian Islands by Hydraena water beetles, with Hydraena reflexa Rey, 1884 reinstated as a valid species endemic to Corsica and Sardinia (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae)

Fig. 2 COI variation in the Hydraena minutissima group. A) Haplotype network for sequenced specimens of the group. Empty circles indicate mutational steps between haplotypes, inset male H. pygmaea; B) approximate position of land masses in the Western Mediterranean during the Miocene, ca. 6 Ma. (modified after Rosenbaum et al. (2002b)). Corsica-Sardinia green, Calabrian block red, shelf light blue. Note that during the Messinian Salinity Crisis, much of the basin was dry

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Figs. 1–5. Oxybleptes kiteleyi. 1 in Report of Two Rove Beetle Species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), Oxybleptes kiteleyi Smetana, 1982 and Omalium rivulare (Paykull, 1789), Collected in Colored Water Traps

Figs. 1–5. Oxybleptes kiteleyi. 1) Male. Photograph by filiperibeiro via iNaturalist, used under a CC BY-NC 4.0 license; 2) Female, presumably calling males from a nearby swarm. Photograph by alisonnetta via iNaturalist, used under a CC BY-NC 4.0 license; 3) Range of O. kiteleyi. Open symbols represent state-level records without finer locality information. A female specimen from peninsular Florida reported by Frank et al. (2005) that may be O. kiteleyi but needs confirmation is not shown; 4) Males crawling out of the pink kiddie pool after landing and becoming trapped in the water; 5) The pink kiddie pool in situ, with MJS's daughter helping collect beetles.

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Figs. 6–8. Omalium rivulare. 6 in Report of Two Rove Beetle Species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), Oxybleptes kiteleyi Smetana, 1982 and Omalium rivulare (Paykull, 1789), Collected in Colored Water Traps

Figs. 6–8. Omalium rivulare. 6) Dorsal habitus of collected individual; 7) Range of O. rivulare. Open symbols represent state- and province-level records without finer locality information; 8) Individuals caught in the water and on the sides of the orange five-gallon bucket.

Fig. 4 in A review of the Burrowing Water Beetles of Belize with a key to the species (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Fig. 4. Wari Lagoon in the Cockscomb Basin Wildlife Sanctuary. In this old oxbow pond five species of Noteridae were present: Hydrocanthus debilis, Mesonoterus leavicollis, Suphisellus insularis, S. neglectus and S. nigrinus. (photograph: Kevin Scheers).

Fig. 5 in A review of the Burrowing Water Beetles of Belize with a key to the species (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Fig. 5. Fishing pond near Punta Gorda. Collecting site of Hydrocanthus marmoratus, Suphisellus lineatus, S. nigrinus and Notomicrus sharpi. (photograph: Kevin Scheers).

Fig. 3 in A review of the Burrowing Water Beetles of Belize with a key to the species (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Fig. 3. Distribution maps of the species of Noteridae in Belize. A, Hydrocanthus debilis Sharp, 1882; B, Hydrocanthus marmoratus Sharp, 1882; C, Mesonoterus laevicollis Sharp, 1882; D, Suphisellus insularis (Sharp, 1882); E, Suphisellus lineatus (Horn, 1871); F, Suphisellus neglectus Young, 1979; G, Suphisellus nigrinus (Aubé, 1838); H, Suphisellus varians (Sharp, 1882); I, Notomicrus sharpi J. Balfour-Browne, 1939 (white dots indicate sampled sites and black dots indicate sites where the species is recorded, elevation map as background in which dark shading increases with height).

Fig. 2 in A review of the Burrowing Water Beetles of Belize with a key to the species (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Fig. 2. Left lateral view of the aedeagus. A, Hydrocanthus debilis Sharp, 1882; B, Hydrocanthus marmoratus Sharp, 1882; C, Suphisellus insularis (Sharp, 1882); D, Suphisellus lineatus (Horn, 1871); E, Suphisellus neglectus Young, 1979; F, Suphisellus nigrinus (Aubé, 1838); G, Suphisellus varians (Sharp, 1882); H, Notomicrus sharpi J. Balfour-Browne, 1939.

Fig. 1 in A review of the Burrowing Water Beetles of Belize with a key to the species (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Fig. 1. Dorsal view of the species of Noteridae in Belize. A, Hydrocanthus debilis Sharp, 1882; B, Hydrocanthus marmoratus Sharp, 1882; C, Mesonoterus laevicollis Sharp, 1882; D, Suphisellus insularis (Sharp, 1882); E, Suphisellus lineatus (Horn, 1871); F, Suphisellus neglectus Young, 1979; G, Suphisellus nigrinus (Aubé, 1838); H, Suphisellus varians (Sharp, 1882); I, Notomicrus sharpi J. Balfour-Browne, 1939.

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Data from: Ecology has contrasting effects on genetic variation within species versus rates of molecular evolution across species in water beetles

Comparative analysis is a potentially powerful approach to study the effects of ecological traits on genetic variation and rate of evolution across species. However, the lack of suitable datasets means that comparative studies of correlates of genetic traits across an entire clade have been rare. Here, we use a large DNA-barcode dataset (5062 sequences) of water beetles to test the effects of species ecology and geographical distribution on genetic variation within species and rates of molecular evolution across species. We investigated species traits predicted to influence their genetic characteristics, such as surrogate measures of species population size, latitudinal distribution and habitat types, taking phylogeny into account. Genetic variation of cytochrome oxidase I in water beetles was positively correlated with occupancy (numbers of sites of species presence) and negatively with latitude, whereas substitution rates across species depended mainly on habitat types, and running water specialists had the highest rate. These results are consistent with theoretical predictions from nearly-neutral theories of evolution, and suggest that the comparative analysis using large databases can give insights into correlates of genetic variation and molecular evolution.

Figure 6 in The unknown larva of the burrowing water beetle genus Liocanthydrus Guignot, 1957 (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Figure 6. Liocanthydrus clayae (J. Balfour-Browne, 1969), instar III larva. (a) Urogomphi, dorsal aspect; (b) urogomphi, ventral aspect. Numbers and lower case letters indicate primary setae and pores, respectively. UR, urogomphus. Scale bar = 0.02 mm.

Figure 4 in The unknown larva of the burrowing water beetle genus Liocanthydrus Guignot, 1957 (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Figure 4. Liocanthydrus clayae (J. Balfour-Browne, 1969), instar III larva. (a) Left prothoracic leg, anterior aspect; (b) right prothoracic leg, posterior aspect; (c) left metathoracic leg, anterior aspect; (d) right metathoracic leg, posterior aspect. Numbers and lower case letters indicate primary setae and pores, respectively. Other setae either additional or secondary. CO, coxa; FE, femur; PT, pretarsus; TA, tarsus; TI, tibia; TR, trochanter. Scale bar = 0.10 mm.

Figure 5 in The unknown larva of the burrowing water beetle genus Liocanthydrus Guignot, 1957 (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Figure 5. Liocanthydrus clayae (J. Balfour-Browne, 1969), instar III larva. (a) Abdominal segment VIII, lateral aspect; (b) abdominal segment VIII, dorsal aspect; (c) abdominal segment VIII, ventral aspect. Numbers and lower case letters indicate primary setae and pores, respectively. Other setae either additional or secondary. AB, abdominal segment VIII. Scale bar = 0.10 mm.

Figure 1 in The unknown larva of the burrowing water beetle genus Liocanthydrus Guignot, 1957 (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Figure 1. Habitus of Liocanthydrus clayae (J. Balfour-Browne, 1969), instar III larva. Scale bar = 0.50 mm.

Figure 2 in The unknown larva of the burrowing water beetle genus Liocanthydrus Guignot, 1957 (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Figure 2. Liocanthydrus clayae (J. Balfour-Browne, 1969), instar III larva. (a) Cephalic capsule, dorsal aspect; (b) cephalic capsule, ventral aspect. Numbers and lower case letters indicate primary setae and pores, respectively. Other setae either additional or secondary. FR, frontoclypeus; PA, parietal. Scale bar = 0.10 mm.

Figure 3 in The unknown larva of the burrowing water beetle genus Liocanthydrus Guignot, 1957 (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Figure 3. Liocanthydrus clayae (J. Balfour-Browne, 1969), instar III larva. (a) Left antenna, dorsal aspect; (b) right antenna, ventral aspect; (c) left mandible, dorsal aspect; (d) right maxilla, dorsal aspect; (e) left maxilla, ventral aspect; (f) labium, dorsal aspect; (g) labium, ventral aspect. Numbers and lower case letters indicate primary setae and pores, respectively. AN, antenna; LA, labium; MN, mandible; MX, maxilla. Scale bars = 0.04 mm.