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347 results for “western United States”
FIGURES 19–24 in Morphology of some fossil lacustrine centric species from the western United States assigned to the genus Cyclotella (Bacillariophyta), including four described as new
FIGURES 19–24: Cyclotella kansasica, SEM. Figures 19–21, external views. Flat valve face has striae with 3–4 rows of areolae towards the margin, and scattered areolae in the center, usually with one enlarged depression. Openings of the marginal fultoportulae occur on every rib. Thick spines or bases are visible on the margin of the valve. Scale bars = 1 µm. Figures 22–24, internal views. Marginal fultoportulae occur on every costa. A ring of simple alveolae is present on the mantle. Central fultoportulae are wanting. Central areolae do not reflect an enlarged opening seen externally. Scale bars = 1 µm.
FIGURES 6–9 in Morphology of some fossil lacustrine centric species from the western United States assigned to the genus Cyclotella (Bacillariophyta), including four described as new
FIGURES 6–9: Cyclotella idahica. SEM. Figures 6, 7, 9. external views. Valve views showing transversely undulate central area with irregularly arranged areolae and covered by bumps. Present are external openings of areolae and short tubes of marginal fultoportulae. Spines and/or spines bases are found on the valve face/mantle junction. Scale bars = 1 µm. Figure 8, internal view. Valve view showing location of one fultoportula on the valve face. Arrow indicates position of the rimportula. Scale bar = 1 µm.
FIGURES 1–5 in Morphology of some fossil lacustrine centric species from the western United States assigned to the genus Cyclotella (Bacillariophyta), including four described as new
FIGURES 1–5: Cyclotella idahica. LM. Valve views showing highly undulate valve face. Fig. 2. Holotype. Scale bar = 10 µm.
FIGURES 40–49 in Morphology of some fossil lacustrine centric species from the western United States assigned to the genus Cyclotella (Bacillariophyta), including four described as new
FIGURES 40–49: Cyclotella stoermeri. LM. Valve views showing size diminution series. Note dissimilar lengths of striae. Fig. 40. Holotype. Scale bar = 10 µm.
FIGURES 25–31 in Morphology of some fossil lacustrine centric species from the western United States assigned to the genus Cyclotella (Bacillariophyta), including four described as new
FIGURES 25–31: Cyclotella discostelliformica. LM. Valve views showing highly undulate valve face. Fig. 31. Holotype. Scale bar = 5 µm.
FIGURES 10–18 in Morphology of some fossil lacustrine centric species from the western United States assigned to the genus Cyclotella (Bacillariophyta), including four described as new
FIGURES 10–18: Cyclotella kansasica. LM. Valve views showing flat valve face and size diminution series. Scale bars = 5 µm.
FIGURES 72–77 in Morphology of some fossil lacustrine centric species from the western United States assigned to the genus Cyclotella (Bacillariophyta), including four described as new
FIGURES 72–77: Cyclotella jonesii. SEM. Figures 72, 73. External valve views of Morphotype 1. Fascicles are comprised of fine areolae, while the tangentially undulate center has larger areolae. Marginal fultoportulae have tubular external openings, located on or about every other costa. Scale bars = 10 µm, respectively. Figure 74. External valve view of Morphotype 2. Multiseriate fascicles are comprised of areolae much smaller than those in the center of the valve. Scale bar = 2 µm. Figure 75. Internal valve view of Morphotype 1. Thick and thin costa are present. Central areolae are numerous. Scale bar = 10 µm. Figures 76, 77. Internal valve view of Morphotype 2. Marginal fultoportulae are located on recessed costae, and have 3 satellite pores. Central fultoportula is present, situated among scattered areolae with domed cribra. Scale bars = 2, and 1 µm, respectively.
Rainfall continentality, via the winter GAMS angle, provides a new dimension to biogeographical distributions in the Western United States
<p><b>Aim:</b> Drought stress, and its effects on the biogeography of vegetation, has focused primarily on water availability during the growing season, thus focusing primarly on summer. However, variation in rainfall continentality (i.e., the continental interior being insulated from oceanic influences) can produce striking vegetation differences. We aim to disentangle summer water balance from the influence of rainfall continentality on winter rainfall, to better understand how climate regulated the distributions of woody plants in the Western USA.</p> <p><b>Location: </b>Western USA.</p> <p><b>Time period:</b> Actual.</p> <p><b>Major taxa studied: </b>Angiosperms and Conifers.</p> <p><b>Method: </b>We used Redundancy Analysis (RDA) to investigate correlations between rainfall continentality, summer water balance, minimum winter temperature and length of growing season on the distributions of 130 tree and shrub species in 467 plots. Rainfall continentality was calculated using the Gams (1932) index, modified for winter precipitation, and summer water balance with the ratio of summer precipitation to temperature. We estimated Actual EvapoTranspiration (AET), Deficit (DEF), mean annual temperature and rainfall from global gridded datasets and correlated them with RDA axes.</p> <p><b>Results: </b>Rainfall continentality measured with the Gams index and minimum temperatures best explained the contrast between oceanic vegetation in the Pacific Coast Ranges and continental vegetation in the Intermountain Region and Rocky Mountains. Growing Season Length (GSL) was the second strongest factor correlated with vegetation distributions. Summer water balance, despite being the most widely used climatic factor to assess drought stress in biogeography, was the third strongest factor correlating with vegetation classes of the western US. AET was equally correlated with RDA axes 1 and 3, and, thus, could not discriminate between the contrasts in the RDA.</p> <p><b>Main conclusions:</b> Rainfall continentality measured with the winter Gams index provides a more precise metric than summer water balance for understanding how the biogeography of woody plants in the western USA is regulated by climate. Broadly integrating the Gams index of continentality into plant distributions may improve our understanding of biogeographical distributions, the evolution of subspecies in species that span coastal to interior regions, and predictions of responses to climate change.</p>
FIGURE 1. Trigonotylus species. A–G in Two new species of Trigonotylus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Stenodemini) from western Canada and northwestern United States
FIGURE 1. Trigonotylus species. A–G. Antenna, dorsal view, scale = 0.5 mm. A. T. americanus. B. T. antennatus. C. T. caelestialium. D. T. exilis. E. T. flavicornis. F. T. setosus. G. T. viridis. H–I. Dorsal habitus, scale = 2.0 mm. H. T. exilis. I. T. setosus. J–K. Endosoma, left lateral view, scale = 0.2 mm. J. T. exilis. K. T. setosus.
Data from: A field test for host fruit odour discrimination and avoidance behaviour for Rhagoletis pomonella flies in the western United States
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Allegheny Woodrat occupancy across Western Virginia, United States
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The response of avian chewing lice (Psocodea: Phthiraptera) loads to early-1900s urbanization in the Western United States
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Rainfall continentality, via the winter GAMS angle, provides a new dimension to biogeographical distributions in the Western United States
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Data from: Spontaneous hybrids between native and exotic Rubus in the Western United States produce offspring both by apomixis and by sexual recombination
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Data from: Behavioral evidence for fruit odor discrimination and sympatric host races of Rhagoletis pomonella flies in the western United States
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Data from: Evapotranspiration response to multiyear dry periods in the semiarid western United States
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SnowClim v1.0: High-resolution snow model and data for the western United States
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Ecotypic variation in Elymus elymoides productivity and drought resistance traits across the western United States
<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Understanding local adaptation to climate is critical for managing ecosystems in the face of climate change. While there have been many provenance studies in trees, less is known about local adaptation in herbaceous species, including the perennial grasses that dominate arid and semiarid rangeland ecosystems.</p> <p><strong>Methods and Results:</strong> We used a common-garden study to quantify variation in growth and drought-resistance traits in 99 populations of <i>Elymus elymoides</i> from a broad geographic and climatic range in the western United States. Ecotypes from drier sites produced less biomass and smaller seeds, and had traits associated with greater drought resistance: small leaves with low osmotic potential and high integrated water use efficiency (δ<sup>13</sup>C). Seasonality also influenced plant traits. Plants from regions with relatively warm, wet summers had large seeds, large leaves, and low δ<sup>13</sup>C. Irrespective of climate, we also observed tradeoffs between biomass production and drought resistance traits.</p> <p><strong>Discussion:</strong> Together, these results suggest that much of the phenotypic variation among <i>E. elymoides</i> ecotypes represents local adaptation to differences in the amount and timing of water availability. In addition, ecotypes that grow rapidly may be less able to persist under dry conditions. Land managers may be able to use this variation to improve restoration success by seeding ecotypes with multiple drought resistance traits in areas with lower precipitation. The future success of this common rangeland species will likely depend on the use of tools such as seed transfer zones to match local variation in growth and drought resistance to predicted climatic conditions.</p>
Data for Development and Evaluation of a North America Ensemble Wildfire Air Quality Forecast: Initial Application to the 2020 Western United States "Gigafire"
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Fig. 8 in Earliest Cretaceous mammals from the western United States
Fig. 8. Dryolestid mammals from the Lakota Formation (Lower Cretaceous: upper Berriasian–lower Barremian), South Dakota, USA. A. Lakotalestes luoi gen. et sp. nov., OMNH 62673 (holotype), from OMNH locality V1243; right upper molar in occlusal (A 1, stereopair), buccal (A 2), mesial (A 3), and distal (A 4) views, with interpretive illustration (A 5) of occlusal view. B. cf. Lakotalestes luoi, OMNH 62854, from OMNH locality V1254; right lower molar (trigonid only) in occlusal (B 1, stereopair) and lingual (B ) views.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.