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Fig. 6 in Effects of fire on small mammal communities in frequent-fire forests in California
Fig. 6.—Nonparametric multiplicative regression response curves (estimated by kernel functions) for the best model (highest crossvalidated xR2) describing Neotamias speciosus abundance given the habitat characteristics at 20 trapping sites in Yosemite National Park, California (2004–2005). The best model included a combination of fire severity (index) and elevation (m). The values on the graph are not intended to suggest definitive thresholds or maximum values for any of the habitat variables (see "Materials and Methods").
Fig. 1 in Effects of fire on small mammal communities in frequent-fire forests in California
Fig. 1.—Locations of 10 burned and 10 unburned small mammal trapping sites (April to July, 2004 and 2005) in Yosemite National Park, California. Burned trapping areas were completely within the boundary of either wildfire or prescribed fire between 1990 and 2004.
Figure 2 in Local habitat preferences of a semi-aquatic mammal, the Pyrenean desman Galemys pyrenaicus
Figure 2: Explanatory power (% of deviance explained) of GLMs relating the number of Pyrenean desman faeces to a single category of abiotic or biotic variables ("models by category"). See Table 1 for details about the variables belonging to each category.
Dataset of distribution and trait of small mammals in Mt. Liangshan
<p><span>Secondary and plantation forests are the main alternative forests remaining after the deforestation of primary forests. Understanding the conservation value of secondary and plantation </span><span>forests</span><span> is important for </span><span>biological conservation. To explore the impact of forest conversion on biodiversity, we compared multiple diversity metrics (taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity) and the community structure of small mammals in the primary, secondary, and plantation forests </span><span>in</span><span> Mt. Liangshan, Sichuan Province, China. The dataset describes the distribution, morphological traits, and other traits of small mammals.</span></p>
Data from: Mercury concentrations decline with age in the fur of females of an insectivorous terrestrial mammal (Myotis lucifugus)
<p>Methylmercury (MeHg) is a toxic form of mercury that bioaccumulates in organisms and biomagnifies through food webs. MeHg concentrations can be high in aquatic environments, and this puts high trophic-level predators who derive energy originating from aquatic environments at risk of toxic effects. Due to the potential for bioaccumulation of MeHg over an individual's life, the risk of MeHg toxicity may increase as animals age, and this risk may be especially high in species with relatively high metabolic rates. Total mercury (THg) concentrations were measured from the fur of adult female little brown bats (<em>Myotis</em> <em>lucifugus</em>) collected between 2012–2017 in Salmonier Nature Park, Newfoundland and Labrador. Using linear mixed-effects models, the effects of age, year, and day of capture on THg concentrations were evaluated and interpreted with AICc and multi-model inference. We expected that THg concentrations would increase with age, and that due to annual summer moulting, individuals captured earlier in the season would have lower THg concentrations than individuals captured later in the season. Contrary to expectations, THg concentrations decreased with age, and date of capture did not explain any variation in concentration. Among individuals, there was a negative relationship between the initial THg concentration of an individual and the rate of change in THg concentrations with age. Using a regression analysis, we found evidence of a population-level decline in THg concentrations in fur over the 6-year study period. Overall, the results indicate that adult female bats eliminate enough MeHg from their tissues to affect a decrease in THg concentrations in their fur over time and that young adults are potentially at the greatest risk of experiencing toxic effects from high MeHg concentrations; this could result in reduced reproductive output, and warrants further research.</p>
Data from: Long term monitoring reveals the importance of large, long unburnt areas and smaller fires in moderating mammal declines in fire-prone savanna of northern Australia
<p>Biodiversity loss is often attributable to multiple interacting pressures that are moderated across environmental gradients. These processes contribute to complex responses that are challenging to interpret and understand. Well-designed and well-implemented monitoring can play a vital role in this but is rarely undertaken.</p> <p>Mounting evidence suggests that current fire regimes across savanna ecosystems have contributed to the decline of a range of biota. Hence, contemporary fire regimes are at odds with conservation goals.</p> <p>Using an extensive spatio-temporal monitoring dataset from three large National Parks in northern Australia, we applied generalised linear mixed models to examine: 1) trends in mammal richness and abundance through time and how these vary across environmental gradients such as productivity or landscape position (e.g., terrain ruggedness); and 2) how fire, a potential driver, is moderated by environmental gradients.</p> <p>Across 24-years, major declines in mammal richness and abundance were observed with greater reductions in less rugged and less mesic habitats. Patterns of decline were related to multiple aspects of fire regimes, but not changes in vegetation structure and composition, or the arrival of Cane Toads <em>Rhinella marina</em> and concomitant poisoning of predatory animals during consumption. More pronounced declines occurred in sites that were exposed to larger fires, had less long unburnt (5 years without fire) vegetation, and were more distant from large, long unburnt patches.</p> <p>Relationships between mammal persistence and fire varied among vegetation communities, with the strongest fire effects observed in lowland woodland – relatively drier with few barriers to fire spread – where the availability of long unburnt areas moderated declines more than in other vegetation communities.</p> <p><em>Synthesis and applications</em>. Current fire regimes are contributing to mammal declines in northern Australian savanna. Collectively, our results highlight: 1) the value of long term monitoring, and importance of considering landscape position when assessing faunal responses to landscape-level perturbations like fire; 2) that significant improvements in fire regimes are required to ameliorate mammal declines; and 3) the need to shift management focus from retaining small, short-lived unburnt patches towards preserving relatively large contiguous areas of long unburnt habitat, particularly in less rugged lowland and sandstone woodlands.</p>
Trucks vs treks: The relative influence of motorized vs non-motorized recreation on a mammal community
<p>Outdoor recreation is increasing rapidly on public lands, with potential consequences for wildlife communities. Recreation can induce shifts in wildlife activity and habitat use, but responses vary widely even within the same species, suggesting mitigating factors that remain poorly understood. Both the type of recreation – motorized or non-motorized – and the distance of wildlife from human disturbance may be important in developing a general understanding of recreation impacts on wildlife and making more informed management decisions. We conducted a camera-trapping survey in the Colville National Forest (CNF) of northeastern Washington in the summers of 2019 and 2020. We collected ~11,000 trap nights of spatially-extensive data on nine mid-large mammalian species, simultaneously recording the presence and activity patterns of motorized (primarily vehicles on roads) and non-motorized (primarily hikers on trails) recreation and wildlife both along trails and roads and off trails and roads (away from most recreation). We used diel overlap analysis, time lag analysis, and single-season single-species occupancy modeling to examine the impact of recreation on the focal species. Species temporally avoided recreationists either by shifting to more nocturnal hours or delaying return to recently-used recreation sites. Most species also responded spatially by altering use or intensity of use of cameras sites due to recreation, though both positive and negative associations with recreation were documented. Species' responded to non-motorized recreation (e.g., hikers on trails) more often than motorized recreation (e.g., vehicles on roads). Most effects of recreation extended off the trail or road, though in three instances the spatio-temporal response of species to recreation along trails/roads disappeared a short distance away from those features. Our work suggests that a better understanding of landscape-scale impacts of recreation, including fitness consequences, will require additional work to disentangle the effects of different types of recreation and estimating the effective distance at which wildlife responds. Moreover, these results suggest that quiet, non-consumptive recreation may warrant increased attention from land managers given its potential to influence spatiotemporal ecology of numerous species.</p>
Dung counts large mammals Volcanoes NP, Rwanda, 2008 and 2021
<p class="MsoNormal">It is unclear whether the remarkable recovery of mountain gorillas (<em>Gorilla beringei) </em>in the Virunga Mountains, East Africa, that followed decades of intensive conservation efforts is indicative of positive trends in abundance and distribution of other large mammals (meso and megaherbivores). Positive population trends are particularly relevant for globally threatened elephants Loxodonta sp., as conservation and research efforts have predominantly focused on populations that range in lowland savanna ecosystems rather than the smaller but ecologically and genetically unique populations found in Virungas' montane ecosystems. We used marked pellet group counts in dung clearance plots to determine the density/abundance and distribution of three meso (buffalo, black-fronted duiker, bushbuck) and one mega (elephant) herbivores in Volcanoes National Park (VNP; covering part of the Virunga Mountains), Rwanda, in July–September 2008 and 2021. We estimated that elephants and duiker populations saw a minor increase between 2008 and 2021 while densities of buffalo and bushbuck increased substantially over the course of the past decade. Accompanying, we found no evidence of substantial distributional shifts for elephants but observed increases in densities of the other species in the southwestern parts of VNP. Overall, density estimates for all species were much higher in both 2008 and 2021 than in a previous survey in 2004, which suggests that meso and megaherbivores have largely recovered from a steep decline in numbers towards the end of the 20th century, possibly benefitting from the same protection efforts that benefitted mountain gorillas.</p>
Figure 3 in Peter Artedi's 'Idea institutionum Trichozoologiae' and the classification of mammals
Figure 3. Carl Linnaeus̍s tabulated classification of Quadrupeds, Aves and Amphibia, from the first edition of Systema naturae (1735).
Figure 1 in Peter Artedi's 'Idea institutionum Trichozoologiae' and the classification of mammals
Figure 1. Peter Artedi̍s 'Ordo primus, animalium pilosorum ungulatorum̍, extracted from 'Idea institutionum Trichozoologiae̍. Original manuscript in the Stockholm University Library, Bergianska Biblioteket, H. VII: 8.1. n. 4, p. 2–3. Used with permission.
Figure 4 in Peter Artedi's 'Idea institutionum Trichozoologiae' and the classification of mammals
Figure 4. Varieties of human-kind, Homo troglodytus, Homo luciferus, Homo satyrus and Homo pygmaeus, from 'Anthropomorpha̍ (Linnaeus 1760a), a dissertation defended by Christianus Emmanuel Hoppius (1736–?) in Uppsala on 6 September 1760.
Acoustic presence of marine mammals at the South Orkney Islands, Scotia Sea
<p>Data used in study looking at the marine mammal species diversity and habitat use at South Orkney Island through passive acoustic monitoring. </p> <p>File description </p> <ul> <li>2016_dailyAP_rawData.csv: countdata of the number of hours per day containing at least one species-specific vocalization during the recording period in 2016</li> <li>2017_dailyAP_rawData.csv: countdata of the number of hours per day containing at least one species-specific vocalization during the recording period in 2017</li> <li>data16_20.csv: proportion of daily acoustic marine mammal presence (0-1) and environmental variables within the audible area based on a sound frequency of 20 Hz and source level of 189 db, in 2016</li> <li>data17_20.csv: proportion of daily acoustic marine mammal presence (0-1) and environmental variables within the audible area based on a sound frequency of 20 Hz and source level of 189 db, in 2017</li> <li>data16_100.csv: proportion of daily acoustic marine mammal presence (0-1) and environmental variables within the audible area based on a sound frequency of 100 Hz and source level of 163 db, in 2016</li> <li>data17_100.csv: proportion of daily acoustic marine mammal presence (0-1) and environmental variables within the audible area based on a sound frequency of 100 Hz and source level of 163 db, in 2017</li> <li>data16_200.csv: proportion of daily acoustic marine mammal presence (0-1) and environmental variables within the audible area based on a sound frequency of 200 Hz and source level of 163 db, in 2016</li> <li>data17_200.csv: proportion of daily acoustic marine mammal presence (0-1) and environmental variables within the audible area based on a sound frequency of 200 Hz and source level of 163 db, in 2017</li> <li>GAMM_revision.R : R code</li> </ul>
Data for: Modelling the surprising recolonisation of an understudied aquatic mammal in a highly urbanised area: Fortune favored the Smooth-coated otter in Singapore
<p>Ever-growing human activities present an active and continuing threat to many species throughout the world. Nevertheless, concerted conservation efforts in some regions have balanced these threats and allowed endangered species to recolonise former parts of their original ranges and reverse their decline. This is notably the case of the smooth-coated otter (<em>Lutrogale</em> <em>perspicillata</em>). In 1998, individuals returned to Singapore after more than a 20-year absence. In 2017, 79 otters were counted throughout the heavily urbanized city. Despite this comeback, the future of the species in Singapore is unclear. By collating information on the species' life history traits, we implemented a spatially explicit individual-based model. The model demonstrated that successful establishment of Singapore's population from the initial immigrants was highly uncertain. In 43% of cases, stochastic extinction occurred. From the 9% of model replicates that closely reproduced the observed colonisation history, projections showed that the population would reach close to 200 individuals in 50 years. This study successfully demonstrates the use of individual-based modelling to simulate the inherently stochastic recolonisation dynamics of an endangered species and predict its longer-term future. We discuss emerging issues that may arise from increasing negative interactions between otters and humans and the general challenges associated with rewilding highly urbanized environments. We stress the importance of long-term monitoring surveys and education campaigns to mitigate human-wildlife conflicts. With species and natural habitats increasingly threatened by our ever-growing human expansion, understanding the factors that allow human-dominated landscapes to be compatible with biodiversity is of the utmost importance.</p>
FIGURE 2 in New data on the distribution of chigger mites (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) associated with small mammals in Vietnam
FIGURE 2. Cluster analysis of trombiculids faunas of provinces in Vietnam based on Bray—Curtis matrix. The numbers of provinces are as in Figure 1.
FIGURE 1 in New data on the distribution of chigger mites (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) associated with small mammals in Vietnam
FIGURE 1. Geographic regions and provinces of Vietnam. A—diversity rate of chigger mite fauna recovered in provinces, B—provinces where chigger mites were studied: 1—Phu Quoc island, 2—Cà Mau, 3—Côn SƠn island, 4—Tây Ninh, 5—Bình PhƯớc, 6—Đồng Nai, 7—Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu, 8—Bình Thuận, 9—Lâm Đồng, 10—Ninh Thuận, 11—Đắk Lắk, 12—Khánh Hòa, 13—Phù Yên, 14—Gia Lai,15—Bình Định, 16—Kon Tum, 17—Quảng Ngãi,18—Quảng Nam, 19—Đà Nẵng, 20—Thừa Thiên-Huḗ, 21—Quảng Trị, 22—Quảng Bình, 23—Hà Tĩnh, 24—Nghệ An, 25—Thanh Hoa, 26—SƠn La, 27—Hòa Bình, 28—Ninh Bình, 29—Nam Định, 30—Thái Bình, 31—Quảng Ninh, 32—Lào Cai, 33—Phú Thọ, 34—Hà Giang, 35—Tuyên Quang, 36—Thái Nguyên, 37—Bắc Giang, 38—Lang Son, 39—Bắc Kạn, 40—Cao Bằng. Distinct colors are used to separate different geographical regions of Vietnam (Manh 2013). Circles mark provinces where the fieldwork was conducted.
Modified Sea Mammal Bone XCB-105-3677
Modified Sea Mammal Bone XCB-105-3677. 400 BCE-100 CE. XCB-105 Adamagan (Aleut for place of walrus hunters) is at the head of Morzhovoi Bay, western Alaska Peninsula. It is a massive village with multiple occupations. When it was occupied 400 BCE-100 CE, it was the largest village in the Arctic with an estimated 1000 people. It also has limited occupations dated 2200-1700 BCE, 1000-600 BCE, and 900-1100 CE. The Western Alaska Peninsula artifacts are presented as a result of the research conducted under grants NSF 9630072, NSF 9814086, NSF 9996372, NSF 9996415, NSF 1139266, NSF 1321411. H. Maschner, Principal Investigator. These artifacts were scanned with either a Faro Edge Arm or a Minolta Vivid 9i. Processed in Geomagic or Polyworks. 2-8 photos were used for texture in Geomagic Wrap. Original digitizing work done at the IVL at Id. St. Univ. Subsequent processing and publication completed at Global Digital Heritage. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Belize terrestrial mammal database from: An integrated approach to measure hunting intensity and assess its impacts on mammal populations
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Founder takes more: interspecific competition affects range expansion of North American mammals into deglaciated areas
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Data from: Natural selection on a measure of parasite resistance varies across ages and environmental conditions in a wild mammal
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Area of Habitat maps for the world's terrestrial birds and mammals
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.