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Figure 5 in Integrative taxonomy reveals hidden diversity in the Catharus fuscater (Passeriformes: Turdidae) complex in Central and South America
Figure 5. Exhaustive chart of dyadic (N = 2), triadic (N = 6), and tetradic (N = 24) frequency contours used to classify song types in the C. [fuscater] complex, following Figure 4 schematic. Theoretical sonogram shapes of each contour are shown (i.e., the y-axis denotes frequency, and the x-axis denotes time).
FIGURES 135–140. 135 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 135–140. 135. Posterior spiracular disc appendages with ventrolateral and ventral psd lobes short, rounded. Caudal view. Third-instar larva of Perilimnia albifacies Becker. DL, dorsal lobe; LL, lateral lobe; VLL, ventrolateral lobe; VL, ventral lobe. From Kaczynski et al. 1969. 136. Posterior spiracular disc appendages, four pairs. Caudal view. Second-instar larva of Dictya matthewsi (Steyskal). DL, dorsal lobe; LL, lateral lobe; VLL, ventrolateral lobe; VL, ventral lobe. From Valley & Berg (1977). 137. Posterior spiracular disc appendages, five pairs. Caudal view. Third-instar larva of Sepedonea annulata Macquart. DL, dorsal lobe; DLL, dorsolateral lobe; LL, lateral lobe; VLL, ventrolateral lobe; VL, ventral lobe. From Knutson & Valley (1978). 138. Ventral arch with posteromedian process with short, laterally directed anterolateral appendages (arrows). Third-instar larva of Dictya expansa Steyskal (Nearctic). From Valley & Berg (1977). 139. Ventral arch with posterolateral appendages elongated, apically acute (arrows). Sepedon guatemalana Steyskal. From Neff & Berg (1966). 140. Ventral arch with posterolateral appendages truncated (arrows). Sepedomerus caeruleus (Melander) (as Sepedon caerulea Melander). From Neff & Berg (1966).
FIGURES 115–121. 115 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 115–121. 115. Habitus of Euthycerina. Euthycerina sp. 116. Pedicel (upper arrow) about as long as first flagellomere (lower arrow). Euthycera flavescens (Loew) (Nearctic). From Knutson & Vala (2011). 117. Katepisternum with two strong setae (arrows). Tetanoceroides bisetosus (Thomson). 118. Arista basally pubescent, distal one-half nearly bare. Tetanoceroides bisetosus (Thomson). 119. Wing of Tetanoceroides patagonicus (Thomson). From Zuska & Berg (1974). 120. Habitus of Tetanoceroides. Tetanoceroides bisetosus (Thomson), female. 121. Typical sciomyzid cephalopharyngeal skeleton. Third-instar larva of Renocera pallida (Fallén) (Palearctic). From Horsáková (2003). Indentation index (IIx), the relative depth of the cornual sinus, is equal to ab/cd x 100.
FIGURES 84–89. 84 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 84–89. 84. Habitus of Guatemalia. Guatemalia nigritarsis Marinoni, male. 85. Arista with dense, plumose white hairs. Limnia ottawensis Melander. 86. Frons with dark spots lateral of antenna (lower arrow) but absent lateral of ocellar triangle (upper arrow points to location of dark spots lateral of ocellar triangle, when present, in other genera of Sciomyzidae). Limnia ottawensis Melander. 87. Wing of Limnia ottawensis Melander. 88. Habitus of Limnia. Limnia ottawensis Melander, male. 89. Wing of Parectinocera inaequalis (Malloch). Vein CuA+CuP (bottom arrow) not reaching margin of wing; vein R1 (top arrow) not extending beyond level of crossvein r-m (middle arrow).
FIGURES 78–83. 78 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 78–83. 78. Arista with sparse, plumose dark hairs. Hoplodictya spinicornis (Loew). 79. Wing of Hoplodictya spinicornis (Loew). From Knutson & Vala (2011). 80. Habitus of Hoplodictya. Hoplodictya spinicornis (Loew), male. 81. Arista with rather dense, plumose dark hairs. Guatemalia nigritarsis Marinoni. 82. Frons with dark spots lateral of antenna (lower arrow) and of ocellar triangle (upper arrow). Guatemalia nigritarsis Marinoni. 83. Wing of Guatemalia nigritarsis Marinoni. From Knutson & Vala (2011).
FIGURES 72–77. 72 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 72–77. 72. Wing of Tetanocera ferruginea (Fallén) (Holarctic); without pattern except for darkened crossveins (same as in all Neotropical species of Tetanocera). From Knutson & Vala (2011). 73. Two fronto-orbital setae (arrows). Tetanocera plumosa Loew. 74. Anepisternum and anepimeron without setae or setulae; katepisternum with setulae only. Tetanocera plumosa Loew. 75. Arista with hairs long to plumose. Antenna of Tetanocera punctifrons (Rondani) (Palearctic). From Knutson & Vala (2011). 76. Habitus of Tetanocera. Tetanocera plumosa Loew, female. 77. With dark brown stripe between eye and oral margin (bottom arrow). Face not strongly concave. Dark median spot absent (middle arrow). Two fronto-orbital setae (top arrows). Hoplodictya spinicornis (Loew).
FIGURES 59–65. 59 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 59–65. 59. Postocellar setae (arrows) present. Sepedon praemiosa Giglio-Tos. 60. Hind femur about one-third longer than abdomen, without markings. Sepedon praemiosa Giglio-Tos. 61. Mid femur with one or more distinctly larger anterior setae (arrow) near midlength. Sepedon praemiosa Giglio-Tos. 62. Antenna of Sepedon fuscipennis Loew (Nearctic). From Knutson & Vala (2011). 63. Habitus of Sepedon. Sepedon pacifica Cresson, male. 64. Postocellar setae absent (upper arrow points to location of postocellar setae, when present, in other genera of Sciomyzidae), one fronto-orbital seta (lower arrow). Sepedomerus macropus (Walker). 65. Hind femur almost twice as long as abdomen, with lateral dark markings (arrow). Sepedomerus macropus (Walker), male.
FIGURES 96–102. 96 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 96–102. 96. Wing of Eutrichomelina fulvipennis (Walker). Wing without pattern; vein R1 (upper arrow) extending beyond level of crossvein r-m (lower arrow). From Knutson & Vala (2011). 97. Habitus of Eutrichomelina. Eutrichomelina
FIGURES 52–58. 52 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 52–58. 52. Wing of Thecomyia limbata (Wiedemann). From Knutson & Vala (2011). 53. Sternum (arrow) closed above hind coxa (surface smooth). Thecomyia limbata (Wiedemann). 54. Face with dark brown spot in each anteroventral corner (arrows). Sepedonea guianica (Steyskal). 55. Posterior thoracic spiracle often with strong setulae along or near margin. Left posterior thoracic spiracle of Sepedonea guatemalana (Steyskal), lateral view. From Freidberg et al. (1991). 56. Antenna of Sepedonea lagoa (Steyskal). From Knutson & Vala (2011). 57. Wing of Sepedonea guatemalana (Steyskal). From Knutson & Vala (2011). 58. Fore femur with at least one outstanding dorsal seta (arrows) on apical one-fourth. Sepodonea giovana Marinoni & Mathis.
FIGURES 127–134. 127 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 127–134. 127. Encircling spinule bands entirely absent or mostly absent beyond segments II, V, or VI (anterior at left; dorsal view on top, lateral view on bottom). Third-instar larva of Pherbellia dorsata (Zetterstedt) (Palearctic). Photos by J. Church. From Knutson & Vala (2011). 128. Accessory rod (AR) of pharyngeal sclerite well developed, directed dorsally. Third-instar larva of Atrichomelina pubera (Loew). From Foote et al. (1960). 129. Posterior spiracular disc, caudal view, with five pairs of posterior spiracular disc lobes distinct and with dorsal and dorsolateral lobes smallest. Third-instar larva of Atrichomelina pubera (Loew). DL, dorsal lobe; DLL, dorsolateral lobe; LL, lateral lobe; VLL, ventrolateral lobe; VL, ventral lobe. From Foote et al. (1960). 130. Posterior spiracular disc, caudal view, with only lateral, ventrolateral, and ventral lobes distinct. Third-instar larva of Pherbellia knutsoni Orth (Palearctic). LL, lateral lobe; VLL, ventrolateral lobe; VL, ventral lobe. From Bratt et al. (1969). 131. Posterior spiracular disc, caudal view, with five pairs of lobes distinct. Third-instar larva of Pherbellia quadrata Steyskal (Nearctic). DL, dorsal lobe; DLL, dorsolateral lobe; LL, lateral lobe; VLL, ventrolateral lobe; VL, ventral lobe. From Bratt et al. (1969). 132. Ventral arch with posteromedian projection (bottom arrow) and elongate, narrow, posterolateral appendages (side arrows). Third-instar larva of Hoplodictya spinicornis (Loew). From Neff & Berg (1962). 133. Cephalopharyngeal skeleton with H-shaped and pharyngeal sclerites fused. Third-instar larva of Perilimnia albifacies Becker. HS, H-shaped sclerite; PS, pharyngeal sclerite. From Kaczynski et al. 1969. 134. Integument with dense coat of short, thick, black spinules. Third-instar larva of Perilimnia albifacies Becker with segments numbered I–XII. as, anterior spiracle; ps, posterior spiracle; PaP, peri-anal pad. From Kaczynski et al. 1969.
FIGURES 46–51. 46 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 46–51. 46. Ocellar setae (arrows) present. Dictya abnormis Steyskal. 47. Ptilinal fissure (arrow) present. Limnia ottawensis Melander. 48. Two pairs of scutellar setae (arrows). Limnia ottawensis Melander. 49. Hind tibia with spinelike projection (arrow) apicoventrally. Sepedonea guianica (Steyskal). 50. Head conically developed ventrally, palpi absent (arrow points to location of palpi, when present, in other genera of Sciomyzidae). Thecomyia chrysacra Marinoni & Steyskal. 51. Habitus of Thecomyia. Thecomyia limbata (Wiedemann), male.
FIGURES 40–45. 40. Face with dark median spot. Dictya bergi Valley. 41 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 40–45. 40. Face with dark median spot. Dictya bergi Valley. 41. Body with many dark spots at base of seta and setulae. Dorsum of Dictya bergi Valley. 42. Habitus of Dictya. Dictya sp., female. Photo by Steve Marshall. 43. Ocellar setae absent (lower arrow points to location of ocellar setae, when present, in other genera of Sciomyzidae). Postocellar setae absent (upper arrow points to location of postocellar setae, when present, in other genera of Sciomyzidae). Thecomyia chrysacra Marinoni & Steyskal. 44. Ptilinal fissure absent (arrow points to location of ptilinal fissure, when present, in other genera of Sciomyzidae). Sepedon spinipes (Scopoli) (Palearctic). Photo by J. Ebeling. From Knutson & Vala (2011). 45. One pair of scutellar setae (arrows). Thecomyia chrysacra Marinoni & Steyskal.
FIGURES 109–114. 109 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 109–114. 109. Habitus of Shannonia. Shannonia meridionalis Zuska, male. 110. Subalar sclerite (vallar ridge, under wing base) with setulae (arrow). Limnia ottawensis Melander. 111. Arista with sparse blackish hairs. Lunule visible only between bases of antennae (arrow). Face without dark median spot. Retellia claropunctata Robineau-Desvoidy. 112. Wing of Retellia claropunctata Robineau-Desvoidy. From Knutson & Vala (2011). 113. Habitus of Retellia. Retellia claropunctata Robineau-Desvoidy. 114. Lunule (arrow) exposed only between antennae. Euthycerina sp.
FIGURES 122–126. 122 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 122–126. 122. Lateral patch of post-oral spines (POS). Third-instar larva of Pherbellia idahoensis Steyskal (Sciomyzini) (Nearctic). From Bratt et al. (1969). 123. Patch of post-oral spines. Third-instar larva of Sciomyza varia (Coquillett) (Sciomyzini) (Nearctic). From Barnes (1990). 124. Band of post-oral spines. Third-instar larva of Sepedon fuscipennis (Loew) (Tetanocerini) (Nearctic). From Neff & Berg (1966). 125. Band of post-oral spines. Third-instar larva of Coremacera marginata (Fabricius) (Tetanocerini) (Palearctic). From Knutson (1973). 126. Segments III–XI (left to right) with encircling spinule bands. Third-instar larva of Ditaeniella parallela (Walker). From Bratt et al. (1969).
FIGURES 66–71. 66 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 66–71. 66. Wing of Sepedomerus macropus (Walker). From Knutson & Vala (2011). 67. Habitus of Sepedomerus. Sepedomerus macropus (Walker), female. 68. Head dorsoventrally flattened; pedicel wide and flattened in lateral view. Teutoniomyia costaricensis Steyskal. 69. Habitus of Teutoniomyia. Hind tibia (arrow) arch shaped. Teutoniomyia costaricensis Steyskal, female. 70. Wing of Teutoniomyia costaricensis Steyskal. From Knutson & Vala (2011). 71. Dorsal preapical tibial seta (arrow) present. Tetanocera plumosa Loew.
FIGURES 26–31. 26 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 26–31. 26. Hind tibia with one preapical dorsal seta (arrow). Dictya matthewsi Steyskal. 27. Lunule (arrow) broadly exposed. Euthycera flavescens (Loew) (Nearctic). 28. Habitus of Euthycera mira Knutson & Zuska, male. From Knutson & Zuska (1968). 29. Habitus of Euthycera flavescens (Loew), male (Nearctic). 30. One fronto-orbital seta (arrow). Dictya abnormis Steyskal. 31. Wing heavily spotted. Protodictya chilensis Malloch. Watercolor by Rolf Grantsau. From Knutson & Vala (2011).
FIGURES 20–25. 20 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 20–25. 20. Wing of Pherbellia nana nana (Fallén). From Knutson & Vala (2011). 21. First flagellomere (arrow) about as long as wide or slightly longer than wide. Pherbellia schoenherri maculata (Cresson) (Palearctic). From Knutson & Vala (2011). 22. Habitus of Pherbellia. Pherbellia vittigera (Malloch), male. 23. Hind tibia with two dorsal preapical setae (arrows). Anticheta testacea Melander. 24. Wing of Anticheta analis (Meigen) (Palearctic). From Rozkošný (1987). 25. Habitus of Anticheta. Anticheta testacea (Melander), male.
FIGURES 103–108. 103 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 103–108. 103. Anterior fronto-orbital seta (arrow) smaller than posterior fronto-orbital seta, occasionally absent; first flagellomere elongate, tapered apically. Perilimnia albifacies Becker. 104. Male fourth sternum (arrow) with short, dense, black spinules on posterior margin. Perilimnia albifacies Becker. 105. Wing of Perilimnia albifacies Becker. From Knutson & Vala (2011). 106. Habitus of Perilimnia. Perilimnia albifacies Becker, female. 107. Anterior fronto-orbital seta almost as strong as posterior fronto-orbital seta (arrows); first flagellomere rather short, rounded apically. Shannonia meridionalis Zuska. 108. Wing of Shannonia costalis (Walker). From Knutson & Vala (2011).
FIGURES 90–95. 90 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 90–95. 90. Two dorsocentral setae (arrows), anterior seta very strong, at suture. Parectinocera inaequalis (Malloch). 91. Aristal hairs (leftmost arrow) short, pubescent. Gena (middle arrow) very narrow. Palpus (bottom arrow) with one strong apical seta. Parectinocera inaequalis (Malloch). 92. Wing of Parectinocera sp. From Knutson & Vala (2011). 93. Habitus of Parectinocera. Parectinocera inaequalis (Malloch), male. 94. Four dorsocentral setae (arrows), one presutural and three postsutural. Eutrichomelina fulvipennis Walker. 95. Frontal vitta (arrow) very short, tomentose. Eutrichomelina fulvipennis Walker.
FIGURES 7–13. 7 in Overview of the Sciomyzidae (Diptera: Sciomyzoidea) of the Americas south of the United States
FIGURES 7–13. 7. All thoracic pleura with fine setulae, without setae. Atrichomelina pubera (Loew). 8. Basal fore tarsomere (arrows) pale yellow or white, contrasting strongly with dark distal four tarsomeres. Atrichomelina pubera (Loew). 9. Wing of Atrichomelina pubera (Loew). Photo by J.B. Keiper. From Knutson & Vala (2011). 10. Habitus of Atrichomelina. Atrichomelina pubera (Loew), male. 11. At least one thoracic pleurite with setae. Dictya bergi Valley. 12. Frontal vitta (left arrow) subshiny, nearly reaching anterior margin of frons. One fronto-orbital seta (right arrow). Ditaeniella patagonensis (Macquart), female. 13. Wing of Ditaeniella grisescens (Meigen) (Palearctic). From Knutson & Vala (2011).
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.