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782 results for “Conflict”
Norm Dataset: Dataset with Norms and Norm Conflicts
<p>Initial release of datasets.</p>
FIGURE 6. Maximum Likelihood tree for Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, R. diademata, R. funerea, R. punctularia and R in Complex phylogeography in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna: conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear evidence suggests past hybridization (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 6. Maximum Likelihood tree for Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, R. diademata, R. funerea, R. punctularia and R. nasuta, based on 3620 bp of nuclear DNA (partial Rag 1, Rag 2, C-mos, R35 and ODC genes). Support values along branches are thorough bootstrap values> 50. Bold branches are supported by posterior probabilities> 0.95 in Bayesian analyses. Note the monophyly of R. melanosterna; lineages I–IV are distributed in the western part, lineages VI and VII in the eastern part of the range.
FIGURE 5. Maximum Likelihood tree for Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, R. diademata, R. funerea, R. punctularia and R in Complex phylogeography in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna: conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear evidence suggests past hybridization (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 5. Maximum Likelihood tree for Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, R. diademata, R. funerea, R. punctularia and R. nasuta, based on 2050 bp of mitochondrial DNA (partial cyt b, 12S and 16S genes). Support values along branches are thorough bootstrap values> 50. Bold branches are supported by posterior probabilities of 1.0 in Bayesian analyses (no other branches had support values equal to or greater than 0.95). Note the polyphyly of R. melanosterna.
FIGURE 4 in Complex phylogeography in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna: conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear evidence suggests past hybridization (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 4. Geographical variation of head pattern in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna. Figured turtles are: (a) MTD T 4885, Cazuela, Lorica, Córdoba, Colombia; (b) MTD T 4888, Sicara, Lorica, Córdoba, Colombia; (c) MTD T 4726, Montelibano, Córdoba, Colombia; (d) MTD T 4569, Qda. Carmelo, Caucasia, Antioquia, Colombia; (e) MTD T 9167, Ladrilleros, Valle del Cauca, Colombia; (f) MTD T 9171, Ciénaga de Barbacoas, Antioquia, Colombia; (g) MTD T 4565, Caño Grande, Cesar, Colombia; F = R. funerea; D = R. diademata; P = R. punctularia. Colour of ranges of R. funerea, R. melanosterna and R. diademata correspond to Figure 1. Roman numerals indicate mitochondrial clades of R. melanosterna, coloured circles symbolize different colours of head stripes. Symbols without Roman numerals refer to specimens described by Medem (1962); vouchers are in the collection of the Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Bogotá, Colombia (see text).
FIGURE 3 in Complex phylogeography in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna: conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear evidence suggests past hybridization (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 3. Parsimony network of cyt b haplotypes of Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, including sequences of R. diademata, R. funerea and R. punctularia, based on an alignment of 1060 bp length. Circle size indicates haplotype frequency. Missing node haplotypes are shown as small black circles. Each line connecting haplotypes corresponds to one mutational step, if not otherwise indicated by bold numbers. Stippled connections were not established under the 95% criterion. Haplotype codes refer to Appendix I.
FIGURE 1 in Complex phylogeography in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna: conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear evidence suggests past hybridization (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 1. Approximate ranges of Rhinoclemmys melanosterna and the allied species R. funerea, R. diademata and R. punctularia (top; based on Rueda-Almonacid et al. 2007) and sampling sites for R. melanosterna (bottom; red dots). Stippled line separates the distribution of the two clusters of mitochondrial haplotypes of R. melanosterna; Roman numerals indicate haplotypes. Inset: Female R. melanosterna from Cangrejo, Córdoba (Colombia).
FIGURE 2. Maximum Likelihood tree for cyt b in Complex phylogeography in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna: conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear evidence suggests past hybridization (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 2. Maximum Likelihood tree for cyt b haplotypes (1060 bp) of Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, including sequences of the other eight Rhinoclemmys species. Haplotype codes correspond to Figure 3 and Appendix I (see there for GenBank accession numbers). Support values along branches are thorough bootstrap values> 50. Bold branches are supported by posterior probabilities> 0.95 in Bayesian analyses. Root length shortened by 75%. Note the polyphyly of R. melanosterna.
FIGURE 7. Maximum Likelihood tree for Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, R. diademata, R. funerea, R. punctularia and R in Complex phylogeography in Rhinoclemmys melanosterna: conflicting mitochondrial and nuclear evidence suggests past hybridization (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
FIGURE 7. Maximum Likelihood tree for Rhinoclemmys melanosterna, R. diademata, R. funerea, R. punctularia and R. nasuta, based on the supermatrix of 2050 bp of mitochondrial DNA (partial cyt b, 12S and 16S genes) concatenated with 3620 bp of nuclear DNA (partial Rag 1, Rag 2, C-mos, R35 and ODC genes). Support values along branches are thorough bootstrap values> 50. Bold branches are supported by posterior probabilities of 1.0 in Bayesian analyses (no other branches had support values equal to or greater than 0.95; for further explanation see text). Root length shortened by 80%. Note the weak support for the monophyly of R. melanosterna and most other clades.
FIGURE 3 in Dryocoetiops krivetsae sp. n. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Dryocoetini), the northernmost species of the genus: conflicts between molecular and morphological data in the tribe Dryocoetini
FIGURE 3. The maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of the tribe Dryocoetini based on the 406 bp 28S rRNA region. The GenBank or BOLD accession numbers are indicated. The new species Dryocoetiops krivetsae is highlighted in bold. Bootstrap (1000 replicates) values higher than 60 are provided. N.B.: Synonyms of D. moestus (=D. coffeae and D. cf. eugeniae) are given according to invalid specific epithets listed in GenBank.
FIGURE 1 in Dryocoetiops krivetsae sp. n. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Dryocoetini), the northernmost species of the genus: conflicts between molecular and morphological data in the tribe Dryocoetini
FIGURE 1. Dryocoetiops krivetsae (female), paratype, habitus and details. A–F: habitus; C: frons; G: antennae; D, H: declivity.
FIGURE 2 in Dryocoetiops krivetsae sp. n. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Dryocoetini), the northernmost species of the genus: conflicts between molecular and morphological data in the tribe Dryocoetini
FIGURE 2. The maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of the tribe Dryocoetini based on the 417 bp COI region. The GenBank or BOLD accession numbers are indicated. The new species Dryocoetiops krivetsae is highlighted in bold. Bootstrap (1000 replicates) values higher than 60 are provided. N.B.: synonyms of D. moestus (=D. coffeae and D. cf. eugeniae) are given according to invalid specific epithets listed in GenBank.
Conflict between Cultural Development and Wildlife Conservation: A Potential Threat to Reeves's Pheasant (Syrmaticus reevesii)
<p>Dataset for analyses perfomed in the study accepted in Conservation Letters entitled Conflict between Cultural Development and Wildlife Conservation: A Potential Threat to Reeves's Pheasant (Syrmaticus reevesii).</p>
Dataset and codes of Conflict detection and resolution in macaque frontal eye fields
<p>The dataset and Matlab code related to the paper published in Communications Biology. </p>
Urban socioecological conflicts in the metro-areas of the Valley of Mexico, Guadalajara and Monterrey, Mexico.
<p>Database of urban socioecological conflicts in the metro-areas of the Valley of Mexico, Guadalajara and Monterrey. Supplementary material of the paper entitled "", published at the J<i>ournal of Political Ecology</i>. Vol. 30. DOI: 10.2458/jpe.5221</p>
Common Reasons for Conflicts and Common Conflict Resolution Techniques Used: Findings of 8 Years of Secondary and Primary Research Studies
<p>The paper, a summary of 8 years of research (2015-2023) on conflict management, presents the common reasons for conflicts and common conflict resolution techniques used by employees at all levels in an organization based on secondary research and also an empirical investigation. The Macro Objective of the Research is to Generalize the Reasons for Conflicts and Conflict Resolution Techniques Used at Employee, Manager and Top Management Level using Author’s Previous 3 Secondary Research Studies and Current Primary Research Study by finding the Top-3 Common Reasons for Conflicts and Top-3 Common Conflict Resolution Techniques Used at all levels of Employees. The 3 different secondary research studies are conducted (2015-2023) at Employee level, Manager Level, Top Management Level to identify Top-5 Reasons for Conflicts and Top-5 Conflict Resolution Techniques used by Employees, Managers and Top Management Respectively. Top-5 items are identified based on reference count (number of citations) in literature in each of these research works. Later on, in 4th Paper (2023) Common Top-3 Reasons for Conflicts, Common Top-3 Conflict Resolution Techniques are Identified based on the 3 published secondary research works. This current work is primary study conducted on 68 respondents; and Primary Research Findings are Compared with Secondary Research findings; further top-3 common reasons for conflicts and top-3 conflict resolution techniques used are identified at all levels of employees in an organization. Overall, the paper presents the Top-3 common reasons for conflicts among employees, project managers, and top management; and top-3 common conflict resolution techniques used by employees, project managers and top management. Based on Secondary & Primary Research Studies, the Top-3 common reasons for conflicts identified are Resources, Value Differences, Personality Differences; and Top-3 conflict resolution techniques used are Avoidance, Compromise, Confrontation/Problem Solving at all levels of employees. </p>
Data for: Escalating conflicts between brick kilns and nearby human-nature synergy in the Asian Brick Belt
<p>Data and code of "Escalating conflicts between brick kilns and nearby human-nature synergy in the Asian Brick Belt". We provide the developed data of brick kilns from 1991 to 2022 within the Asian Brick Kiln Belt, along with some of the validation datasets generated. Additionally, we also provide the core code of our research.</p>
Data Associated with Manuscript Titled "Evolution of Primate Vocal Repertoires: Vocalization Systems as Embodied Capital for Mediating Within-group Conflict"
<p><span>This is a dataset used in analyses of the macroevolution of primate vocal repertoire size interpreted in the associated manuscript titled "Evolution of Primate Vocal Repertoires: Vocalization Systems as Embodied Capital for Mediating Within-group Conflict." The first tab of the data file contains the following information for each of 42 primates species: maximum longevity (years), endocranial volume (cubic centimeters), log endocranial volume, body mass (g), log body mass, group size, within-group conflict score, vocal repertoire size, and research effort (number of zoological records). The second tab of the data file contains two tables, one reports maximum longevity (years), endocranial volume (cubic centimeters), log endocranial volume, group size, within-group conflict score, and vocal repertoire size values (mean, median, standard deviation, range) aggregated at the suborder, infraorder, superfamily, and family level, while the other reports those statistics aggregated at the family level. The third tab of the data file contains ancestral node ID, ancestral node age (in millions of years), reconstructed ancestral within-group conflict values (mean, 95% lower confidence interval, 95% upper confidence interval), and reconstructed ancestral vocal repertoire size values (mean, 95% lower confidence interval, 95% upper confidence interval). A .pdf file provides visualizations of ancestral character reconstruction (ACR) models with ancestral node IDs for Z-scored within-group conflict (panel A) and Z-scored vocal repertoire size (panel B). </span></p>
Patterns of hybrid seed inviability in perennials of the Mimulus guttatus sp. complex reveal a potential role of parental conflict in reproductive isolation
<p>Genomic conflicts may play a central role in the evolution of reproductive barriers. Theory predicts that early-onset hybrid inviability may stem from conflict between parents for resource allocation to offspring. <span>Here we describe <i>M. decorus;</i> a group of cryptic species within the <i>M. guttatus </i>species complex that are largely reproductively isolated by hybrid seed inviability (HSI). HSI between <i>M. guttatus </i>and <i>M. decorus </i>is common and strong, but populations of <i>M. decorus </i>vary in the magnitude and directionality of HSI with <i>M. guttatus</i>. Patterns of HSI between <i>M. guttatus </i>and <i>M. decorus, </i>as well as within <i>M. decorus </i>conform to the predictions of parental conflict: firstly, reciprocal F1s exhibit size differences and parent-of-origin specific endosperm defects, secondly the extent of asymmetry between reciprocal F1 seed size is correlated with asymmetry in HSI, and lastly, inferred differences in the extent of conflict predict the extent of HSI between populations. We also find that HSI is rapidly evolving, as populations that exhibit the most HSI are each others' closest relative. Lastly, while all populations are largely outcrossing, we find that the differences in the inferred strength of conflict scale positively with </span><span>p</span><span>, suggesting that demographic or life history factors may influence the rate of parental conflict driven evolution. Overall, these patterns suggest the rapid evolution of parent-of-origin specific resource allocation alleles coincident with HSI within and between <i>M. guttatus </i>and <i>M. decorus. </i>Parental conflict may therefore be an important evolutionary driver of reproductive isolation. </span></p>
Figure 7 in The phylogeny of charadriiform birds (shorebirds and allies) - reassessing the conflict between morphology and molecules
Figure 7. Reconstruction of the ancestral state of selected characters with Mesquite 2.71 [phylogenies in A–C after Fain & Houde, 2007, with Dromadidae and Chionidae added (see text concerning position of Dromadidae)]. A, distribution of nostril types. B, distribution of processus basipterygoidei. C, distribution of foramen nervi supracoracoidei. D, distribution of foramen nervi supracoracoidei in Alcidae (phylogeny after Baker et al., 2007; Pereira & Baker, 2008).
Figure 6 in The phylogeny of charadriiform birds (shorebirds and allies) - reassessing the conflict between morphology and molecules
Figure 6. Proximal view of left hypotarsus of representatives of the Scolopaci (A–D), Lari (E–H), and Charadrii (I–L) in comparison. A, Thinocorus rumicivorus (Thinocoridae). B, Actophilornis africanus (Jacanidae). C, Rostratula benghalensis (Rostratulidae). D, Scolopax rusticola (Scolopacidae). E, Glareola pratincola (Glareolidae). F, Turnix varia (Turnicidae). G, Rynchops niger (Rynchopidae). H, Sterna fuscata (Sternidae). I, Chionis minor (Chionidae). J, Pluvianus aegyptius (Pluvianidae). K, Vanellus vanellus (Charadriidae). L, Haematopus ostralegus (Haematopodidae). Abbreviations: fdl, sulcus/canal for the tendon of musculus flexor digitorum longus; fhl, sulcus for the tendon of musculus flexor hallucis longus; p2, sulcus for the tendon of musculus flexor perforatus digiti II; pp2, sulcus for the tendon of musculus flexor perforans et perforatus digiti II. The vertical lines indicate the relative positions of fdl (dashed) and pp2 (dotted). Not to scale.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.