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332 results for “Ecological niches”
Data from: Ecology and macroevolution – evolutionary niche monopolisation as a mechanisms of niche conservatism
Explaining macroevolution from microevolution is a key issue in contemporary evolutionary theory. A recurrent macroevolutionary pattern is that some niche‐related traits consistently evolve slower than others, so called niche conservatism. Despite a growing amount of data, the underlying evolutionary processes are not fully understood. I here analyse adaptive radiations in an individual‐based eco‐evolutionary model. I find a coevolutionary mechanism – evolutionary niche monopolisation – as a possibly important generator of niche conservatism. A single lineage of a radiating clade can monopolise, and later diversify within, a substantial part of the available niche space – much larger than what can be explained by limiting similarity. This leads to niche conservatism, since no species evolves into or out of the monopolised region. The region can in this sense also be described as an adaptive zone. The model indicates that evolutionary niche monopolisation is operative in a large part of parameter space, underlining its possible importance. The mechanism is driven by competitive interactions and differences in niche widths in alternative niche dimensions. I discuss plausible examples of evolutionary niche monopolisation in well‐studied natural systems.
Figure 1 in Ecological niche differentiation among Aztec fruit-eating bat subspecies (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in Mesoamerica
Figure 1. Ocurrence records for the three subspecies of Artibeus aztecus: Artibeus aztecus aztecus (yellow),Artibeus aztecus minor (blue) and Artibeus aztecus major (light red).
Fig. 1 in Using Ecological Niche Modeling For Biodiversity Conservation Guidance In The Western Podillya (Ukraine): Reptiles
Fig. 1. Response curve of isothermality (bio 3), used for predicting the potential distribution of Zamenis longissimus at the local scale (Western Podillya in Ukraine).
FIGURE 3 in Comparisons of two cryptic Ampedus species (Coleoptera: Elateridae) by using classical systematics, ecological niche modeling, and DNA barcoding
FIGURE 3. Evolutionary relationships optimal tree of examined and outgroup taxa.
FIGURE 4 in Comparisons of two cryptic Ampedus species (Coleoptera: Elateridae) by using classical systematics, ecological niche modeling, and DNA barcoding
FIGURE 4. Evolutionary relationships bootstrap consensus tree of examined and outgroup taxa.
Figures 1-2 from: Heidari N (2019) Ecological niche differentiation between Acanthodactylus micropholis and A. khamirensis (Sauria: Lacertidae) in southern Iran. Zoologia 36: 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e27357
Figures 1-2 Predicted potential distributions of A.khamirensis (1) and A.micropholis (2), generated by MaxEnt. Three main colors show habitat suitability on the map. Warm colors refer to the high suitability level.
Figure 3 from: Heidari N (2019) Ecological niche differentiation between Acanthodactylus micropholis and A. khamirensis (Sauria: Lacertidae) in southern Iran. Zoologia 36: 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e27357
Figure 3 Results of the identity test. Black arrows refer to the actual niche overlap as calculated by ENMTools (D and I). The bars (with two different patterns) are calculated by replicates with identity test mode.
Figure 5 in A contribution to the biogeography and taxonomy of two Anatolian mountain brook newts, Neurergus barani and N. strauchii (Amphibia: Salamandridae) using ecological niche modeling
Figure 5. The range of future climate suitability predicted with CCSM4 by MaxEnt for A,C) N. barani and B,D) N. strauchii in the Anatolian Peninsula and Near East Asia.
Figure 2 in A contribution to the biogeography and taxonomy of two Anatolian mountain brook newts, Neurergus barani and N. strauchii (Amphibia: Salamandridae) using ecological niche modeling
Figure 2. The pattern of the coordinates data of both species, N. barani (red circle) and N. strauchi (blue triangle), with respect to latitude and longitude.
Figure 1 in A contribution to the biogeography and taxonomy of two Anatolian mountain brook newts, Neurergus barani and N. strauchii (Amphibia: Salamandridae) using ecological niche modeling
Figure 1. Location records for two species of Neurergus in the Anatolian Peninsula (blue points, N. barani, and red points, N. strauchii).
Data from: PaleoENM: applying ecological niche modeling to the fossil record
Ecological niche modeling (ENM) is a quantitative approach to predict species' abiotic requirements. It is a correlative technique, requiring geographically explicit information on species occurrences and the suites of environmental conditions experienced at each occurrence point. The output of these models is a set of environmental suitability rules that can be projected geographically and through time to test biogeographic, ecologic, and evolutionary hypotheses. Although developed by biologists and used extensively in the modern, ENM is in its early stages of application to the deep-time fossil record (hence PaleoENM). In part its limited use in the fossil record thus far reflects the methodological challenge of constructing paleoenvironmental layers needed for PaleoENM analysis, whereas in the modern these layers are available from large public databases (e.g., WorldClim). This paper provides a contextual and methodological framework for appropriately applying PaleoENM, including best practices for developing species occurrence and paleoenvironmental data sets for PaleoENM analyses.
Data from: Separation of realized ecological niche axes among sympatric tilefishes provides insight into potential drivers of co‐occurrence in the NW Atlantic
<p class="Default">Golden and Blueline Tilefish (<i>Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps</i> and <i>Caulolatilus microps</i>) are keystone taxa in northwest (NW) Atlantic continental shelf‐edge environments due to their biotic (trophic‐mediated) and abiotic (ecosystem engineering) functional roles combined with high‐value fisheries. Despite this importance, the ecological niche dynamics (i.e., those relating to trophic behavior and food‐web interactions) of these sympatric species are poorly understood, knowledge of which may be consequential for maintaining both ecosystem function and fishery sustainability. We used stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ<sup>13</sup>C) and nitrogen (δ<sup>15</sup>N) to build realized ecological niche hypervolumes to serve as proxies for diet and production use patterns of <i>L</i>. <i>chamaeleonticeps</i> and <i>C. microps</i>. We hypothesized that: (a) species exhibit ontogenetic shifts in diet and use of production sources; (b) species acquire energy from spatially distinct resource pools that reflect a sedentary life‐history and differential use of the continental shelf‐edge; and (c) species exhibit differentiation in one or more measured niche axes. We found evidence for ontogenetic shifts in diet (δ<sup>15</sup>N) but not production source (δ<sup>13</sup>C) in both species, suggesting a subtle expansion of measured ecological niche axes. Spatial interpolation of stable isotope ratios showed distinct latitudinal gradients; for example, individuals were <sup>13</sup>C enriched in northern and <sup>15</sup>N enriched in southern regions, supporting the assertion that tilefish species acquire energy from regional resource pools. High isotopic overlap was observed among species (≥82%); however, when hypervolumes included depth and region of capture, overlap among species substantially decreased to overlap estimates of 15%–77%. This suggests that spatial segregation could alleviate potential competition for resources among tilefish species inhabiting continental shelf‐edge environments. Importantly, our results question the consensus interpretation of isotopic overlap estimates as representative of direct competition among species for shared resources or habitats, instead of identifying habitat segregation as a possible mechanism for the coexistence of tilefish species in the NW Atlantic.</p>
Polygenic selection within a single generation leads to subtle divergence among ecological niches
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Data from: High invasion potential of Hydrilla verticillata in the Americas predicted using ecological niche modeling combined with genetic data
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Intraspecific dietary variation in niche partitioning within a community of ecologically similar snakes
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Data from: A unique ecological niche fosters hybridization of oak-tree and vineyard isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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Ecological specialization and niche overlap of subterranean rodents inferred from DNA metabarcoding diet analysis
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Data from: Molecular data and ecological niche modeling reveal population dynamics of widespread shrub Forsythia suspensa (Oleaceae) in China’s warm-temperate zone in response to climate change during the Pleistocene
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Data from: Ecology and macroevolution – evolutionary niche monopolisation as a mechanisms of niche conservatism
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Data from: Separation of realized ecological niche axes among sympatric tilefishes provides insight into potential drivers of co‐occurrence in the NW Atlantic
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