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1,153 results for “Fern”
FIGURE 20 in Revision And Phylogeny Of The Fern-Inhabiting Genus Felisacus Distant (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Bryocorinae) Anna A. Namyatova And Gerasimos Cassis
FIGURE 20. Distribution of Felisacus species.
FIGURE 19 in Revision And Phylogeny Of The Fern-Inhabiting Genus Felisacus Distant (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Bryocorinae) Anna A. Namyatova And Gerasimos Cassis
FIGURE 19. Distribution of Felisacus species.
FIGURE 9 in Revision And Phylogeny Of The Fern-Inhabiting Genus Felisacus Distant (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Bryocorinae) Anna A. Namyatova And Gerasimos Cassis
FIGURE 9. Vesical spicules of Felisacus species.
FIGURE 8 in Revision And Phylogeny Of The Fern-Inhabiting Genus Felisacus Distant (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Bryocorinae) Anna A. Namyatova And Gerasimos Cassis
FIGURE 8. Vesical spicules of Felisacus species.
FIGURE 7 in Revision And Phylogeny Of The Fern-Inhabiting Genus Felisacus Distant (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Bryocorinae) Anna A. Namyatova And Gerasimos Cassis
FIGURE 7. Habitus of Felisacus species.
FIGURE 6 in Revision And Phylogeny Of The Fern-Inhabiting Genus Felisacus Distant (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Bryocorinae) Anna A. Namyatova And Gerasimos Cassis
FIGURE 6. Habitus of Felisacus species.
FIGURE 11 in Revision And Phylogeny Of The Fern-Inhabiting Genus Felisacus Distant (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Bryocorinae) Anna A. Namyatova And Gerasimos Cassis
FIGURE 11. Parameres of Felisacus species.
FIGURE 21 in Revision And Phylogeny Of The Fern-Inhabiting Genus Felisacus Distant (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Bryocorinae) Anna A. Namyatova And Gerasimos Cassis
FIGURE 21. Distribution of F. bradi.
FIGURE 4 in Revision And Phylogeny Of The Fern-Inhabiting Genus Felisacus Distant (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Bryocorinae) Anna A. Namyatova And Gerasimos Cassis
FIGURE 4. Habitus of Felisacus species.
FIGURE 5 in Revision And Phylogeny Of The Fern-Inhabiting Genus Felisacus Distant (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Bryocorinae) Anna A. Namyatova And Gerasimos Cassis
FIGURE 5. Habitus of Felisacus species.
FIGURE 2 in Revision And Phylogeny Of The Fern-Inhabiting Genus Felisacus Distant (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Bryocorinae) Anna A. Namyatova And Gerasimos Cassis
FIGURE 2. Strict consensus tree, implied weight analysis, k = 7.
Leaf water relations in epiphytic ferns
<p>Opportunistic diversification has allowed ferns to radiate into epiphytic niches in angiosperm dominated landscapes. However, our understanding of how ecophysiological function allowed establishment in the canopy and the potential transitionary role of the hemi-epiphytic life form remain unclear. Here, we surveyed 39 fern species in Costa Rican tropical forests to explore epiphytic trait divergence in a phylogenetic context. We examined leaf responses to water deficits in terrestrial, hemi-epiphytic, and epiphytic ferns and related these findings to functional traits that regulate leaf water status. Epiphytic ferns had reduced xylem area (-63%), shorter stipe lengths (-56%), thicker laminae (+41%), and reduced stomatal density (-46%) compared to terrestrial ferns. Epiphytic ferns exhibited similar turgor loss points, higher osmotic potential at saturation, and lower tissue capacitance after turgor loss than terrestrial ferns. Overall, hemi-epiphytic ferns exhibited traits that share characteristics of both terrestrial and epiphytic species. Our findings clearly demonstrate the prevalence of water conservatism in both epiphytic and hemi-epiphytic ferns, via selection for anatomical and structural traits that avoid leaf water stress. Even with likely canalized physiological function, adaptations for drought avoidance have allowed epiphytic ferns to successfully endure the stresses of the canopy habitat.</p>
Data from: WHAT DOES FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY AND PHYLOGENETIC SIGNAL REVEAL ABOUT SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN TERRESTRIAL FERNS' ENVIRONMENTAL PREFERENCES?
<p><span><strong>Questions</strong></span><span>: Our study focuses on the following questions: </span><span>1) Do the climatic and edaphic conditions of the Southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest impact terrestrial ferns' functional diversity</span><span>? 2) Which morphological functional traits are most relevant for terrestrial ferns in response to climatic and edaphic changes? 3) If there are trait-environment relationships, what adaptive </span><span>eco-evolutionary </span><span>mechanisms can be inferred from them?</span></p> <p><span><strong>Study site</strong></span><span>: Subtropical Atlantic Forest, </span><span>encompassing </span><span>Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and Paraná States, Brazil.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Method</strong></span><span>: We analyzed </span><span>eleven</span><span> </span><span>morphological traits related to resistance, competitive advantage, and reproductive success. All traits were analyzed with and without phylogenetic correction to compute multi-trait functional diversity using </span><span>the standardized effect size of mean functional distance and functional composition via the community-weighted mean. Both metrics were weighted by the absolute frequency of species within sites. Subsequently, we identified the most influential climatic or </span><span>edaphic</span><span> drivers based on linear models. To assess the significance of trait-environment relationships, we employed </span><span>a </span><span>permutational</span><span> </span><span>approach</span><span>.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Results</strong></span><span>: The functional diversity of terrestrial ferns correlates with rainfall</span><span> and temperature, with subtle changes when</span><span> taking into account the phylogenetic relationship of species</span><span>. Similarly, competitive and reproductive traits were associated with</span><span> annual</span><span> rainfall</span><span> and rainfall seasonality</span><span>. However, most morphological traits vary independently of </span><span>edaphic</span><span> and climatic factors, regardless</span><span> of</span><span> whether phylogenetic relatedness is</span><span> considered or not. Few traits, specifically related to resistance and competition, were dispersed across the phylogeny and were not linked with any factor evaluated, leaving the question of their true determinants unanswered.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Conclusions</strong></span><span>: Combining functional and phylogenetic information on terrestrial ferns indicates that species morphology response highly depends on the scale ob</span><span>served. Our analyses demonstrate that climatic and not edaphic factors are the primary drivers of trait diversity in terrestrial ferns within the Subtropical Atlantic Forest, influencing most evaluated traits.</span><span> These findings may help predict the distribution of terrestrial ferns amidst the increasing trend of land use and cover changes in the Atlantic Forest domain.</span></p>
Patterns of ferns community assemblages in some Malaysian and Nigerian tropical forests
<p>Research on fern ecology has gained attention in the last decade, yet there is a paucity of information on the comparison of ferns communities across continents. This study focused on comparing the ferns community assemblages in some tropical forests of Malaysia and Nigeria, thereby assessing the patterns of species richness (SR) and phylogenetic diversity(PD) in relation to the bioclimatic drivers across the continents. The diversity and taxonomic compositions of ferns were assessed using 180 plots of 10 m x 10 m in each country. The species richness and other diversity indices were determined using the combined forests data for each country and for the individual forests. Also, the phylogenetic diversity of the ferns was assessed using the genus-based molecular sequences downloaded from the GeneBank. The patterns of the ferns SR and PD in the two countries as driven by some bioclimatic factors were evaluated using the regression analysis. The observed and rarefied–extrapolated fern species richness is significantly higher in Malaysian forests than in Nigerian forests. Also, the other diversity indices are significantly higher in Malaysian forests except for the Shannon index which showed no significant difference between the two biogeographic regions. There is a very low similarity (7.41%) in the taxonomic composition of ferns between the two biogeographic areas, although the similarity in composition increased with increasing taxonomic levels (species: 7.41%, genus: 12.77%, family: 70.96%). Terrestrial and epiphytic ferns are more dominant than the other life forms in the two countries. The precipitation variables drive the phylogenetic structure of ferns in Nigeria whereas both precipitation and temperature variables drive the phylogenetic structure of ferns in Malaysia. This indicates that ferns assemblages in Nigeria and Malaysia are driven by both climatic variables. Besides, we also hypothesize that these observed differences could be due to other historical and evolutionary processes.</p>
Leaf water relations in epiphytic ferns
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Data from: Quantitative plant taphonomy: the cosmopolitan Mesozoic fern Weichselia reticulata as a case study
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Antheridiogen controls spatial dynamics of sex‐expression in naturally occurring gametophytes of the tree fern Cyathea multiflora
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Target capture methods offer insight into the evolution of rapidly diverged taxa and resolve allopolyploid homeologs in the fern genus Polypodium s.s.
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Diplazium zangnanense, a new species of the twinsorus-fern genus Diplazium (Athyriaceae) from Xizang Province, China
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Data from: Community assembly of the ferns of Florida
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