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939 results for “Validation studies”
Data from: Fluorescent sperm in a transparent worm: validation of a GFP marker to study sexual selection
Background: Sexual selection has initially been thought to occur exclusively at the precopulatory stage in terms of contests among males and female mate choice, but research over the last four decades revealed that it often continues after copulation through sperm competition and cryptic female choice. However, studying these postcopulatory processes remains challenging because they occur internally and therefore are often difficult to observe. In the transparent free-living flatworm Macrostomum lignano, a recently established transgenic line that expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP) in all cell types, including sperm, offers a unique opportunity to non-invasively visualise and quantify the sperm of a GFP-expressing donor inside the reproductive tract of wild-type recipients in vivo. We here test several aspects of the reproductive performance of the transgenic individuals and the accuracy of the techniques involved in assessing the GFP-expressing worms and their sperm. We then show the usefulness of these methods in a study on sperm displacement. Results: GFP-expressing worms do not differ from wild-type worms in terms of morphology, mating rate and reproductive success. In addition, we show that the GFP signal is reliably and unequivocally expressed by all GFP-expressing individuals observed under epifluorescence illumination. However, the intensity of the GFP signal emitted by sperm of GFP expressing donors can vary (which we show to be at least in part due to sperm ageing) and the GFP marker is inherited according to Mendel's laws in most, but not all, of the individuals. Nevertheless, we argue these two issues can be addressed with an appropriate experimental design. Finally, we demonstrate the value of the GFP-techniques by comparing the number of GFP-expressing sperm in a wild-type recipient before and after mating with a competing sperm donor, providing clear experimental evidence for sperm displacement in M. lignano. This result suggests that sperm donors can displace previously stored sperm and replace it with their own. Conclusion: The availability of the GFP-techniques in a transparent organism provide unique opportunities to visualise and quantify internal processes in the female reproductive tract after mating, which opens new avenues in the study of sexual selection.
Supplemental figures and tables of a European multicenter validation study of the External Genitalia Score
<p><b>Context: </b>Standardized description of external genitalia is needed in the assessment of children with atypical genitalia.</p> <p><b>Objectives:<i> </i></b>To validate the External Genitalia Score (EGS), to present reference values for preterm and term babies up to 24 months and correlate obtained scores with anogenital distances (AGDs).</p> <p><b>Design, Setting: </b>A<b> </b>European multicentre (n=8) validation study was conducted from 07/2016 until 07/2018.</p> <p><b>Patients and Methods: </b>EGS is based on the external masculinization score but uses a gradual scale from female to male (range 0-12) and terminology appropriate for both sexes. The reliability of EGS and AGD's were determined by the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Cross-sectional data were obtained in 686 term (0-24 months), and 181 preterm babies and 111 babies with atypical genitalia.</p> <p><b>Results:<i> </i></b>ICC of EGS in typical and atypical genitalia is excellent and good. Median EGS (10<sup>th </sup>-<sup> </sup>90<sup>th </sup>centile) in males < 28 weeks gestation is 10 (8.6-11.5); in males 28-32 weeks 11.5 (9.2-12); in males 33-36 weeks 11.5 (10.5-12) and in full-term males 12 (10.5-12). In all female babies, EGS is 0 (0-0). The mean (SD) AGDl/u is 0.45 (0.1), with significant difference between AGDl/u in males 0.49 (0.1) and females 0.39 (0.1) and in-between values in DSD 0.43 (0.1). AGDl/u correlates with EGS in males with typical genitalia and in atypical genitalia.</p> <p><b>Conclusions: </b>EGS is a reliable and valid tool to describe external genitalia in premature and term babies up to 24 months. EGS correlates with AGDl/u in males. It facilitates standardized assessment, clinical decision-making and multicenter research.</p>
Data from: Numerical simulations of targeted delivery of magnetic drug aerosols in the human upper and central respiratory system: a validation study
In the present study, we investigate the concept of the targeted delivery of pharmaceutical drug aerosols in an anatomically realistic geometry of the human upper and central respiratory system. The geometry considered extends from the mouth inlet to the 8th generation of the bronchial bifurcations and is identical to the phantom model used in the experimental studies of [Banko {em et al.} (2015), Exp. Fluids, {bf 56} (117):1-12]. In our computer simulations, we combine the transitional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and the wall-resolved Large Eddy Simulation (LES) methods for the air phase with the Lagrangian approach for the particulate (aerosol) phase. We validated simulations against recently obtained magnetic resonance velocimetry (MRV) measurements of [Banko {em et al.} (2015), Exp. Fluids, {bf 56} (117):1-12] that provide full a 3D mean velocity field for steady inspiratory conditions. Both approaches produced good agreement with experiments, and the transitional RANS approach is selected for the multi-phase simulations of aerosols transport, because of significantly lower computational costs. The local and total deposition efficiency are calculated for different classes of pharmaceutical particles (in the $0.1mu$m$le d_{rm p} le 10mu$m range) without and with a paramagnetic core (the shell-core particles). For the latter, an external magnetic field is imposed. The source of the imposed magnetic field was placed in the proximity of the first bronchial bifurcation. We demonstrated that both total- and local-depositions of aerosols at targeted locations can be significantly increased by an applied magnetization force. This finding confirms the possible potential for further advancement of the magnetic drug targeting (MDT) technique for more efficient treatments for respiratory diseases.
Figure 3 from: Hasanuddin DNA, Garmana AN, Sasongko L (2024) HPLC method for the determination of nifedipine in rat plasma: development, validation, and application to pharmacokinetic drug-herb interaction study. Pharmacia 71: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e119198
Figure 3 A. Concentration-time (mean ± SD) and B. Natural logarithm-time (mean ± SD) of nifedipine in plasma after a single dose of nifedipine 1 mg/kg (n = 3) and co-administration of nifedipine with Gynura procumbens leaf extract 154 mg/kg (n = 3) in male Wistar rats.
Figure 1 from: Hasanuddin DNA, Garmana AN, Sasongko L (2024) HPLC method for the determination of nifedipine in rat plasma: development, validation, and application to pharmacokinetic drug-herb interaction study. Pharmacia 71: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e119198
Figure 1 HPLC chromatogram of nifedipine. A. Plasma sample spiked with 5 mL/mL of kaempferol; B. Nifedipine-free plasma; C. Plasma sample spiked with 1000 ng/mL of nifedipine.
"Validity and Reliability Study of Anatomy Attitude Scale in Dental Students"
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External validation of EPIC's Risk of Unplanned Readmission model, the LACE+ index and SQLape® as predictors of unplanned hospital readmissions: A monocentric, retrospective, diagnostic cohort study in Switzerland
<p>Introduction: Readmissions after an acute care hospitalization are relatively common, costly to the health care system, and are associated with significant burden for patients. As one way to reduce costs and simultaneously improve quality of care, hospital readmissions receive increasing interest from policy makers. It is only relatively recently that strategies were developed with the specific aim of reducing unplanned readmissions using prediction models to identify patients at risk. EPIC's Risk of Unplanned Readmission model promises superior performance. However, it has only been validated for the US setting. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to externally validate the EPIC's Risk of Unplanned Readmission model and to compare it to the internationally, widely used LACE+ index, and the SQLAPE® tool, a Swiss national quality of care indicator.</p> <p>Methods: A monocentric, retrospective, diagnostic cohort study was conducted. The study included inpatients, who were discharged between the 1<sup>st</sup> of January 2018 and the 31<sup>st</sup> of December 2019 from the Lucerne Cantonal Hospital, a tertiary-care provider in Central Switzerland. The study endpoint was an unplanned 30-day readmission. Models were replicated using the original intercept and beta coefficients as reported. Otherwise, score generator provided by the developers were used. For external validation, discrimination of the scores under investigation were assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUC). Calibration was assessed with the Hosmer-Lemeshow <i>X</i><sup><i>2</i></sup><span><span></span></span> goodness-of-fit test This report adheres to the TRIPOD statement for reporting of prediction models.</p> <p>Results: At least 23,116 records were included. For discrimination, the EPIC´s prediction model, the LACE+ index and the SQLape® had AUCs of 0.692 (95% CI 0.676-0.708), 0.703 (95% CI 0.687-0.719) and 0.705 (95% CI 0.690-0.720). The Hosmer-Lemeshow <i>X</i><sup><i>2</i></sup><span><span></span></span> tests had values of p<0.001.</p> <p>Conclusion: In summary, the EPIC´s model showed less favorable performance than its comparators. It may be assumed with caution that the EPIC´s model complexity has hampered its wide generalizability - model updating is warranted.</p>
Figure 1 from: Lehmann AW, Devriese H, Tumbrinck T, Skejo J, Lehmann GUC, Axel Hochkirch A (2017) The importance of validated alpha taxonomy for phylogenetic and DNA barcoding studies: a comment on species identification of pygmy grasshoppers (Orthoptera, Tetrigidae). ZooKeys 679: 139-144. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.679.12507
Figure 1 - Neighbour-joining tree based upon the COI data, illustrating the clustering of the Chinese samples by Zhao et al. (2016) together with Paratettix and not Tetrix species, data extracted from the Barcoding of life project.
Pre-analytical validity of arterial blood gas samples: A prospective experimental study on changes derived from time delay and mechanical stress
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Supplemental package of a study on Automated User Story Validation Using Natural Language Processing
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Continuous Digital Monitoring of Walking Speed in Frail Elderly Patients: Noninterventional Validation Study and Longitudinal Clinical Trial (Data for interventional clinical trial)
<p>Digital technologies and advanced analytics have drastically improved our ability to capture and interpret health relevant data from patients. However, to date, limited data and results have been published detailing real-world patient compliance, demonstrating accuracy in target indications or examining what novel insights and clinical value can be derived. Here we present novel, digital mobility data from two studies: an independent, non-interventional validation study with elderly, naturally slow walking subjects, and a global, multi-site phase IIb clinical trial involving patients with age-related muscle loss and slow walking speed (sarcopenia). Based on these data, we validate the accuracy of a novel algorithm for capturing in-clinic and real-world gait speed in frail, slow-walking adults. We demonstrate the feasibility of continuous monitoring with a wearable inertial sensor in elderly adults in real-world settings, and propose minimum thresholds for compliance required for robust capture of gait behaviors in this population. We also show how simple, inferred contextual information, describing the length of a given walking bout, can explain some of the variation in real-world gait speed, and use this information to demonstrate for the first time a relationship between in-clinic performance and real-world gait speed behavior. This work lays a foundation for exploration of the clinical relevance and value of such measures and is a first step in building a more complete chain of evidence between standardized physical performance assessment, real-world behavior, and subjective perceptions of mobility, independence and health.</p> <p>This dataset contains data collected during the interventional clinical trial: derived data from raw accelerometry data, and summary performance data.</p> <p>The full dataset, including raw accelerometry data, is available here: <a href="https://mueller-et-al-2019.s3.amazonaws.com/index.html">https://mueller-et-al-2019.s3.amazonaws.com/index.html</a></p>
Forecasting seizure risk in adults with focal epilepsy: a development and validation study - Data
<p><strong>Data for the article 'Forecasting seizure risk in adults with focal epilepsy: a development and validation study'</strong></p> <p>Includes deidentified individual data in the form of interictal epileptiform activity counts and electrographic seizures for the 18 patients in the development cohort.</p>
Validation of the PROFFIT questionnaire to assess financial toxicity in Italian cancer patients. A cross-sectional study.
<p>Data for validation analysis of the PROFFIT instrument to measure financial toxicity of cancer</p>
Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study (BATS) Bottle Validation
<p>This dataset is published on Zenodo by the Simons CMAP curators for long-term care. All credits go to the data producers at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS): https://bats.bios.asu.edu/bats-data/ </p><p>The BATS Bottle Validation (bval_bottle) dataset is a collection of discrete bottle samples from 1991-2022, including in-situ measurements of CO2, nutrients, carbon, oxygen, temperature, and Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus abundance. Note all bottle fires are included that do not have any BATS core parameters so as to be of use for other ancillary measurements. No data was provided for Particulate Biogenic Silica or Particulate Lithogenic Silica, so those variables were not included in this dataset. </p><p>This description has been reproduced using https://www.dropbox.com/s/2vutjrt5ce9t5qx/bval_bottle.txt?dl=0</p>
A Validation Study of MR Lymphangiography Using SPIO, a New Lymphotropic Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle Contrast
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00147238. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Pivotal Study for Validation of Philips Dx (PDx)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02529137. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Actigraph Accelerometer Validation Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00342212. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
WatchPAT Device Validation Study Compared to Polysomnography
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03188718. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Human Factors Study to Validate the User Interface of TOBI Podhaler Using Placebo Capsules
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03502070. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Validation Study of Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) Parameter of Masimo INVSENSOR00073
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06334055. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.