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478 results for “sulfurization”
Data from: Fossilization of melanosomes via sulfurization
Fossil melanin granules (melanosomes) are an important resource for inferring the evolutionary history of colour and its functions in animals. The taphonomy of melanin and melanosomes, however, is incompletely understood. In particular, the chemical processes responsible for melanosome preservation have not been investigated. As a result, the origins of sulfur-bearing compounds in fossil melanosomes are difficult to resolve. This has implications for interpretations of original colour in fossils based on potential sulfur-rich phaeomelanosomes. Here we use pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GCMS), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) to assess the mode of preservation of fossil microstructures, confirmed as melanosomes based on the presence of melanin, preserved in frogs from the Late Miocene Libros biota (NE Spain). Our results reveal a high abundance of organosulfur compounds and non-sulfurized fatty acid methyl esters in both the fossil tissues and host sediment; chemical signatures in the fossil tissues are inconsistent with preservation of phaeomelanin. Our results reflect preservation via the diagenetic incorporation of sulfur, i.e. sulfurization (natural vulcanization), and other polymerization processes. Organosulfur compounds and/or elevated concentrations of sulfur have been reported from melanosomes preserved in various invertebrate and vertebrate fossils and depositional settings, suggesting that preservation through sulfurization is likely to be widespread. Future studies of sulfur-rich fossil melanosomes require that the geochemistry of the host sediment is tested for evidence of sulfurization in order to constrain interpretations of potential phaeomelanosomes and thus of original integumentary colour in fossils.
Data from: MnO2–graphene nanosheets wrapped mesoporous carbon/sulfur composite for lithium–sulfur batteries
The lithium-sulfur battery has received intense interest due to its achievable high energy density and low cost sulfur. However, fast capacity retention after a prolonged cycles is the main challenge. Here, we report to synthesis MnO2-graphene nanosheets coated mesoporous carbon/sulfur composite (MGN@MC/S) as cathodes in the Li-S battery. The MGN@MC/S electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, with high reversible specific capacity and rate capability (1475 mA h g-1 at 0.1 C and 748 mA h g-1 at 1 C ), and long-cycle ability (0.042 % capacity decay per cycle over more than 450 cycles at 1 C).
Data from: Sulfur resistance of Ce-Mn/TiO2 catalysts for low-temperature NH3–SCR
Ce-Mn/TiO2 catalyst prepared using a simple impregnation method demonstrated a better low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 (NH3-SCR) activity in comparison with the sol-gel method. The Ce-Mn/TiO2 catalyst loading with 20% Ce had the best low-temperature activity and achieved a NO conversion rate higher than 90% at 140-260°C with a 99.7% NO conversion rate at 180 °C. The Ce-Mn/TiO2 catalyst only had a 6% NO conversion rate decrease after 100 ppm of SO2 was added to the stream. When the SO2 was removed from the stream, the catalyst was able to recover completely. The crystal structure, morphology, textural properties, and valence state of the metals involving the novel catalysts were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption and desorption analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. The decrease of NH3-SCR performance in the presence of 100 ppm SO2 was due to the decrease of the surface area, change of the pore structure, the decrease of Ce4+ and Mn4+ concentration, and the formation of the sulfur phase chemicals which blocked the active sites and changed the valence status of the elements.
CORROSION RESISTANCE OF RENOVATED SULFUR CONCRETE
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A One-Pot Synthesis of Disubstituted Thiazoles from Chalcone C−H Bonds, Elemental Sulfur, and Glycine Ethyl Ester
<p>FID files and HRMS results</p>
Application of sulfur and nitrogen doped carbon quantum dots as sensitive fluorescent nanosensors for the determination of saxagliptin and gliclazide
<p>In this study, highly fluorescent sulfur and nitrogen doped carbon quantum dots (S,N-CQDs) were used as fluorescent nanosensors for direct spectrofluorimetric estimation of each of gliclazide and saxagliptin without any pre-derivatization steps for the first time. S,N-CQDs were synthesized employing a simple hydrothermal technique using citric acid and thiosemicarbazide. The produced S,N-CQDs were characterized using different techniques including fluorescence emission spectroscopy, UV spectrophotometry, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, and FT-IR spectroscopy. Following excitation at 360 nm, S,N-CQDs exhibited a strong emission peak at 430 nm. The native fluorescence of S,N-CQDs was quantitatively enhanced by addition of increased concentrations of the studied drugs. The fluorescence enhancement of S,N-CQDs and the concentrations of the studied drugs revealed a wide linear relationship in the range of 30.0-500.0 μM and 75.0-600.0 µM with limits of detection of 5.0 μM and 10.15 µM for gliclazide and saxagliptin, respectively. The proposed method was efficiently utilized for determination of cited drugs in their commercial tablets with % recoveries ranging from 98.6 to 101.2% and low % RSD values (less than 2%). The mechanism of interaction between S,N-CQDs and the two drugs was studied. Validation of the proposed method was carried out in accordance with ICH guidelines.</p>
Supplementary Table 9 for "Sulfur-oxidizing symbionts without canonical genes for autotrophic CO2 fixation"
<p>Effect of changing the ratio of reduced:oxidized ferredoxin on the free energy yield for the reductive pyruvate synthase reaction.</p>
Supporting data for "Simultaneous monitoring of crystalline active materials and resistance evolution in lithium-sulfur batteries"
<p>This is the dataset of electrochemical and operando X-ray diffracytion experiments for our publication "Simultaneous monitoring of crystalline active materials and resistance evolution in lithium-sulfur batteries". This archive contains the raw data and scripts written in R used in the analysis and presentation of the results in this manuscript.</p> <p><strong>Abstract for the manuscript:</strong></p> <p>Operando X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a valuable tool for studying secondary battery materials as it allows for the direct correlation of electrochemical behavior with structural changes of crystalline active materials. This is especially true for the lithium-sulfur chemistry, in which energy storage capability depends on the complex growth and dissolution kinetics of lithium sulfide (Li<sub>2</sub>S) and sulfur (S<sub>8</sub>) during discharge and charge, respectively. In this work, we present a novel development of this method through combining operando XRD with simultaneous and continuous resistance measurement using an Intermittent Current Interruption (ICI) method. We show that a coefficient of diffusion resistance, which reflects the transport properties in the sulfur/carbon composite electrode, can be determined from analysis of each current interruption. Its relationship to the established Warburg impedance model is validated theoretically and experimentally. We also demonstrate for an optimized electrode formulation and cell construction that the diffusion resistance increases sharply at the discharge end point, which is consistent with the blocking of pores in the carbon host matrix. The combination of XRD with ICI allows for a direct correlation of structural changes with not only electrochemical properties but also energy loss processes at a non-equilibrium state, and therefore is potentially highly valuable for the study of many other energy storage chemistries.</p>
Global Sulphur and Sulfuric Acid Market 2024–2033
<p><a href="https://www.custommarketinsights.com/report/sulphur-and-sulfuric-acid-market/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Sulphur and Sulfuric Acid Market Size</a>, Trends and Insights By Raw Material (Elemental Sulphur, Sulphur Dioxide, Sulphuric Acid, Base Metal Smelters, Pyrite Ore, Others), By Application (Fertilizers, Chemical Manufacturing, Pharmaceuticals, Metal Processing, Petroleum Refining, Textile Industry, Automotive, Pulp & Paper, Others), and By Region - Global Industry Overview, Statistical Data, Competitive Analysis, Share, Outlook, and Forecast 2024–2033<br><br></p> <p><strong>Reports Description</strong></p> <p>According to current market research conducted by the CMI Team, the global <strong>Sulphur and Sulfuric Acid Market</strong> is expected to record a CAGR of <strong>3.7%</strong> from 2024 to 2033. In 2024, the market size is projected to reach a valuation of USD <strong>14,682.1 Million</strong>. By 2033, the valuation is anticipated to reach USD <strong>20,360.8 Million</strong><strong>.</strong></p> <p>The market for sulphur and its compound, sulfuric acid, is focused on manufacturing and selling elemental sulphur and sulfuric acid, which have wide applications in industries. Sulphur is used in fertilizer, chemicals, and petroleum industries, while sulfuric acid is used in fertilizer, chemicals, and Metal processing industries.</p> <p>Agricultural requirements, industrialization, and technological innovations propel the market. New tendencies comprise sustainability, high production process efficiency, and legislation compliance. The global economic scenario and factors like the supply chain and technology regarding its production and use affect the market.</p>
The oxidation state of sulfur in apatite of Martian meteorite- Shergotty
<p>S-XANES data of Shergotty apatite.</p>
Fig. 6 in Ochrathinols A and B, two pairs of sulfur-containing racemates from an Antarctic fungus Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis SCSIO 05702 inhibit LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and NO production
Fig. 6. Chiral HPLC analyses of ochrathinol B (±)-2.
Fig. 4 in Ochrathinols A and B, two pairs of sulfur-containing racemates from an Antarctic fungus Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis SCSIO 05702 inhibit LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and NO production
Fig. 4. Experimental and calculated ECD spectra of (±)-1, (±)-2, and 4.
Fig. 3. X in Ochrathinols A and B, two pairs of sulfur-containing racemates from an Antarctic fungus Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis SCSIO 05702 inhibit LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and NO production
Fig. 3. X-ray crystallographic structures of compounds 1–3.
Fig. 2 in Ochrathinols A and B, two pairs of sulfur-containing racemates from an Antarctic fungus Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis SCSIO 05702 inhibit LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and NO production
Fig. 2. Key COSY (bold) and HMBC (arrows) correlations of 1 4.
Fig. 5 in Ochrathinols A and B, two pairs of sulfur-containing racemates from an Antarctic fungus Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis SCSIO 05702 inhibit LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and NO production
Fig. 5. Chiral HPLC analyses of ochrathinol A (±)-1.
Fig. 1 in Ochrathinols A and B, two pairs of sulfur-containing racemates from an Antarctic fungus Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis SCSIO 05702 inhibit LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and NO production
Fig. 1. Structures of compounds 1–4.
Fig. 7. 1H–1H in Prenylated cyclohexene-type meroterpenoids and sulfur-containing xanthones produced by Pseudopestalotiopsis theae
Fig. 7. 1H–1H COSY (bold) and selected HMBC (plain) correlations of 3–5.
Fig. 5. Keys NOE correlations for compounds 3, 4, 5 in Prenylated cyclohexene-type meroterpenoids and sulfur-containing xanthones produced by Pseudopestalotiopsis theae
Fig. 5. Keys NOE correlations for compounds 3, 4, 5.
Fig. 4. Plausible biosynthetic pathway for sydoxanthones D and E in Prenylated cyclohexene-type meroterpenoids and sulfur-containing xanthones produced by Pseudopestalotiopsis theae
Fig. 4. Plausible biosynthetic pathway for sydoxanthones D and E.
Fig. 2. 1H-1H in Prenylated cyclohexene-type meroterpenoids and sulfur-containing xanthones produced by Pseudopestalotiopsis theae
Fig. 2. 1H-1H COSY (bold) and HMBC (plain) correlations of1.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.