Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

Available Wireless Sensor Network and Internet of Things testbed facilities: dataset

In this data set, we present data collected for the purpose of carrying out a systematic review of the available Wireless Sensor Network and Internet of Things testbed facilities. The data was collected through multiple stages and in each stage the pre-defined criteria were applied. We provide a dataset describing the hardware and software aspects of Wireless Sensor Network and Internet of Things testbed facilities available in the market and scientific community. The data were gathered through an extensive systematic review process of scientific articles published between the years 2011 and 2021. The review aims to obtain good quality data for people who are actively researching the Internet of Things facilities or anyone who is interested in that field.

opencc-zeroOct 2022View details →

Data from: Effects of manipulated food availability and seasonality on innate immune function in a passerine

1. The innate immune system is essential for survival, yet many immune traits are highly variable between and within individuals. In recent years, attention has shifted to the role of environmental factors in modulating this variation. A key environmental factor is food availability, which plays a major role in shaping life-histories, and may affect resource allocation to immune function through its effect on nutritional state. 2. We developed a technique to permanently increase foraging costs in seed-eating birds, and leveraged this technique to study the effects of food availability on the innate immune system over a three-year period in 230 zebra finches housed in outdoor aviaries. The immune components we studied were haptoglobin, ovotransferrin, nitric oxide, natural antibodies through agglutination, complement-mediated lysis, and killing capacity of Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, covering a broad spectrum of the innate immune system. We explored effects of food availability in conjunction with other potentially important variables: season, age, sex, and manipulated natal brood size. 3. Increased foraging costs affected multiple components of the immune system, albeit in a variable way. Nitric oxide and agglutination levels were lower under harsh foraging conditions, while Escherichia coli killing capacity was increased. Agglutination levels also varied seasonally, but only at low foraging costs. C. albicans' killing capacity was lower in winter, and even more so for animals in harsh foraging conditions that were raised in large broods. Effects of food availability on ovotransferrin were also seasonal, and only apparent in males. Haptoglobin levels were independent of foraging costs and season. 4. Males had higher levels of immune function than females for 3 of the measured immune traits. Innate immune function was independent of age and manipulated natal brood size. 5. Our finding that food availability affects innate immune function suggests that fitness effects of food availability may at least partially be mediated by effects on the immune system. However, food availability effects on innate immunity varied in direction between traits, illustrating the complexity of the immune system and precluding conclusions on the level of disease resistance.

opencc-zeroOct 2022View details →

Oxygen availability regulates the quality of soil dissolved organic matter by mediating microbial metabolism and iron oxidation

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a vital role in biogeochemical processes and in determining the responses of soil organic matter (SOM) to global change. Although the quantity of soil DOM has been inventoried across diverse spatio-temporal scales, the underlying mechanisms accounting for variability in DOM dynamics remain unclear, especially in upland ecosystems. Here, a gradient of SOM storage across twelve croplands in northeast China was used to understand links between DOM dynamics, microbial metabolism, and abiotic conditions. We assessed the composition, biodegradability and key biodegradable components of DOM. In addition, SOM and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) composition, soil enzyme activities, oxygen availability, soil texture, iron (Fe), Fe-bound organic matter and nutrient concentrations were quantified to clarify the drivers of DOM quality (composition and biodegradability). The proportion of biodegradable DOM increased exponentially with decreasing initial DOM concentration due to larger fractions of depolymerized DOM that was rich in small-molecular phenols and proteinaceous components. Unexpectedly, the composition of DOM was decoupled from that of SOM or MAOM, but significantly related to enzymatic properties. These results indicate that microbial metabolism exhibited a dominant role in DOM generation. As DOM concentration declined, increased soil oxygen availability regulated DOM composition and enhanced its biodegradability mainly through mediating microbial metabolism and Fe oxidation. The oxygen-induced oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III) removed complex DOM compounds with large molecular weight. Moreover, increased oxygen availability stimulated oxidase-catalyzed depolymerization of aromatic substances, and promoted production of protein-like DOM components due to lower enzymatic C/N acquisition ratio. As global changes in temperature and moisture will have large impacts on soil oxygen availability, the role of oxygen in regulating DOM dynamics highlights the importance of integrating soil oxygen supply with microbial metabolism and Fe redox status to improve model predictions of soil carbon under climate change.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2017View details →

Pericarpial nectary-visiting ants do not provide fruit protection against pre-dispersal seed predators regardless of ant species composition and resource availability

This dataset describes the number of flowers, fruits and seed set of Tocoyena formosa in branches exposed (control) and isolated (ant exclusion) from ants, as well as the visiting ants and seed predators reared from fruits collected from both treatments.

opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

Effects of nest-site availability on male-male competition and the foraging costs associated with paternal care in a resource-defense species

Effects of nest-site availability on male-male competition and associated costs of nest site maintenance and paternal care in a resource-defense species This repository contains the .csv files used for the statistical analyses of the study "Effects of nest-site availability on male-male competition and associated costs of nest site maintenance and paternal care in a resource-defense species". In case of questions, please email Laís A. Grossel: <a href="mailto:laisgrossel@gmail.com">laisgrossel@gmail.com</a> Data files and structure We have files for the analysis with field and experimental data. With the file field.csv we tested the probability of males obtaining a nest and receiving eggs from females. In this file, we have the headers: <ul> <li>maleID: identity of males in the field</li> <li>DSW: dorsal scute width, in mm</li> <li>mass: to the nearest 0.001 g</li> <li>nest_possession: with 2 levels: 0 if the male did not possess a nest and 1 if the male possessed a nest</li> <li>nest_opening: in cm</li> <li>parental_status: with 3 levels: 0 if the male did not have a nest, 1: if the male had a nest but no eggs, and 2: if the male had a nest and eggs</li> </ul> With the file experiment_nests.csv we tested predictions related with the nest possession. In this file, we have the headers: <ul> <li>terrariaID: identity of the 14 terraria (containing 4 or 8 nests)</li> <li>exp_group: experimental group, with 2 levels of nests availability: low (4 nests per terraria) and high (8 nests per terraria)</li> <li>nestID: identity of the nests</li> <li>occupation: if the nest was once occupied during the experiment, with 2 levels: 0 if it was never occupied and 1 if it was occupied at least once</li> <li>occupied_scans: number of scans with any male inside the nest</li> <li>vacant_scans: number of scans without any male inside the nest</li> <li>total_scans: total number of observation scans </li> <li>owners: number of different owners of the nest (at least 6 consecutive scans)</li> <li>turnover: if there was at least a substitution of the nest owner without figths, with 2 levels: 0 if there was not any substitution and 1 if there was a substitution</li> <li>turnovers_number: number of substitutions of the nest owner without figths</li> <li>takeover: if there was at least a takeover attempt of the nest after figths, with 2 levels: 0 if there was not any attempt and 1 if there was an attempt</li> <li>takeovers_number: number of takeover attempts of the nest after figths</li> <li>fight: if there was at least a figth inside or close to the nest, with 2 levels: 0 if there was not any figth and 1 if there was a figth</li> <li>fights_number: number of figths inside or close to the nest</li> <li>canibalism: if there was at least a cannibalism event inside the nest, 2 levels: 0 if there was not any cannibalism event and 1 if there was a cannibalism event</li> <li>canibalism_number: number of cannibalism events inside the nest</li> </ul> With the file experiment_males.csv we tested predictions related to the males owners. In this file, we have the headers: <ul> <li>terrariaID: identity of the 14 terraria (containing 4 or 8 nests)</li> <li>exp_group: experimental group, with 2 levels of nests availability: low (4 nests per terraria) and high (8 nests per terraria)</li> <li>maleID: identitity of the males</li> <li>DSW: dorsal scute width, in mm</li> <li>nest_possession: with 2 levels: 0 if the male never possessed a nest during the experiment and 1 if the male possessed a nest at least once (6 consecutive scans)</li> <li>nestID: identity of the nest possessed by the male</li> <li>inside_scans: number of scans with the male inside his nest</li> <li>outside_scans: number of scans with the male outside his nest</li> <li>total_scans: total number of scans in which the male was the owner of the nest</li> <li>takeover: if the male suffered a takeover attempt of his nest, with 2 levels: 0 if the male did not suffer any attempt and 1 if the male suffered an attempt</li> <li>eggs: if the male received eggs from a female, with 2 levels: 0 if the male did not receive eggs and 1 if the male received eggs</li> <li>eggs_number: number of eggs received </li> <li>cannibalism: if the owner male cannibalized the eggs inside the nest, 2 levels: 0 if the male did not cannibalize eggs and 1 if the male cannibalized eggs</li> <li>cannibalism_number: number of cannibalism events by the owner male </li> </ul> With the file fights-takeovers.csv we tested predictions related with nest takeovers. In this file, we have the headers: <ul> <li>terrariaID: identity of the 14 terraria (containing 4 or 8 nests)</li> <li>exp_group: experimental group, with 2 levels of nests availability: low (4 nests per terraria) and high (8 nests per terraria)</li> <li>nestID: identity of the nest possessed by the male</li> <li>focalID: identitity of the focal males (the owner nest)</li> <li>DSW: dorsal scute width, in mm</li> <li>fight: if the male was involved in at least a figth, with 2 levels: 0 if the male was not involved in any figth and 1 if the male was involved in a figth</li> <li>takeover: if the male suffered a takeover attempt of his nest, with 2 levels: 0 if the male did not suffer any attempt and 1 if the male suffered an attempt. Obs: the nest takeover always happens after a fight. If there was a takeover, then there was a fight too.</li> <li>res_focal: result of the figth or takeover for the focal male, with 2 levels: 0 if the focal male did not lose the figth or the nest and 1 if the focal male lost the figth or the nest</li> <li>intruderID: identity of the intruder male involved in the figth or the takeover with the owner male</li> <li>intruder_DSL: dorsal scute width of the intruder male, in mm</li> <li>dyad: identity of the two individuals involved in the figth or takeover (owner male and intruder male)</li> <li>DSW_difference: difference between the dorsal scute width of the dyad (focal male minus intruder male)</li> </ul> With the file foraging.csv we tested a prediction related with males foraging. In this file, we have the headers: <ul> <li>terrariaID: identity of the 14 terraria (containing 4 or 8 nests)</li> <li>exp_group: experimental group, with 2 levels of nests availability: low (4 nests per terraria) and high (8 nests per terraria)</li> <li>nestID: identity of the nest possessed by the male</li> <li>maleID: identitity of the males</li> <li>parental_status: with 2 levels: 0 if the male did not have eggs in the nest and 1: if the male had eggs</li> <li>inside_scans: number of scans with the male inside his nest</li> <li>outside_scans: number of scans with the male outside his nest</li> <li>total_scans: total number of scans in which the male was the owner of the nest</li> </ul>

opencc-zeroMay 2024View details →

Raw data: Temperature and water availability drive insect seasonality across a temperate and a tropical region

The more insects there are, the more food there is for insectivores and the higher the likelihood of insect-associated ecosystem services. Yet, we lack insights into the drivers of insect biomass over space and seasons, both for tropical and temperate zones. We used 245 Malaise traps, managed by 191 volunteers and park guards, to characterise year-round flying insect biomass in a temperate (Sweden) and a tropical (Madagascar) country. Surprisingly, we found that local insect biomass was similar across zones. In Sweden, local insect biomass increased with accumulated heat and varied across habitats, while biomass in Madagascar was unrelated to the environmental predictors measured. Drivers behind seasonality partly converged: In both countries, the seasonality of insect biomass differed between warmer and colder sites and wetter and drier sites. In Sweden, short-term deviations from expected season-specific biomass were explained by week-to-week fluctuations in accumulated heat, rainfall, and soil moisture, whereas in Madagascar, weeks with higher soil moisture had higher insect biomass. Overall, our study identifies key drivers of the seasonal distribution of flying insect biomass in a temperate and tropical climate. This knowledge is key to understanding the spatial and seasonal availability of insects — as well as predicting future scenarios of insect biomass change.

opencc-zeroMay 2024View details →

Data from: 42 years of no-tillage and cover cropping improved soil oxygen availability and resilience

Healthy soil air-water balance is critical for crop growth. Conservation agricultural practices improve soil physical properties to influence soil oxygen availability. We evaluated the impact of 42 years of hairy vetch (HV) cover cropping (CC) and no-tillage (NT) on soil oxygen dynamics during a cotton growing season experiencing multiple intensive rain events in silt loam soil. HV and NT treatments exhibited higher growing season soil oxygen availability (p < 0.05), and experienced 3 to 4 times fewer hours of oxygen limitation (i.e., oxygen concentration <10%) as compared to no cover (NC) and conventional tillage (CT) treatments. After heavy rainfall, NT-HV treatment exhibited the highest soil oxygen availability, followed by NT-NC, CT-HV, and CT-NC treatments (p < 0.05). While CC and/or NT treatments quickly regained soil oxygen status within 24 hours after saturating rain events, CT-NC suffered from sub-optimal soil aeration until the third day post-rainfall. The combination of CC with NT practices enhanced soil oxygen availability and resilience to extreme precipitation events.

opencc-zeroMay 2024View details →

Data from: Pilot-scale H2S and swine odor removal system using commercially available biochar

This is digital research data corresponding to a published manuscript in "Pilot-scale H2S and swine odor removal system using commercially available biochar" Agronomy 2021, 11, 1611. Dataset may be assessed via the included link at the Dryad data repository. Although biochars made in laboratory seem to remove H2S and odorous compounds effectively, very few studies are available for commercial biochars. This study evaluated the efficacy of a commercial biochar (CBC) for removing H2S and odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Data from: Thermal plasticity in protective wing pigmentation is modulated by genotype and food availability in an insect model of seasonal polyphenism

Phenotypic variation in natural populations results from complex interactions between organisms and their changing environments. The environment shapes both phenotypic frequencies (during adaptation) and organismal phenotypes (through phenotypic plasticity). Developmental plasticity, in particular, refers to the phenomenon whereby an organism's phenotype depends on the environmental conditions during development. It can match phenotype to ecological conditions and help organisms to cope with environmental heterogeneity, including differences between alternating seasons. Experimental studies of developmental plasticity often focus on the impact of individual environmental cues and do not take explicit account of genetic variation. In contrast, natural environments are complex, comprising multiple variables with combined effects that are poorly understood and may vary among genotypes. We investigated the effects of multifactorial environments on the development of the seasonally plastic eyespots of Bicyclus anynana butterflies. Eyespot size depends on developmental temperature and is involved in alternative seasonal strategies for predator avoidance. In nature, both temperature and food availability undergo seasonal fluctuations. However, our understanding of how thermal plasticity in eyespot size varies in response to food availability and across genotypes remains limited. To address this, we investigated the combined effects of temperature (T; two levels: 20°C and 27°C) and food availability (N; two levels: control and limited) during development. We examined their impact on wing and eyespot size in adult males and females from multiple genotypes (G; 28 families). We found evidence of thermal and nutritional plasticity and temperature-by-nutrition interactions (significant TxN) on the size of eyespots in both sexes. Food limitation resulted in relatively smaller eyespots and tempered the effects of temperature. Additionally, we found differences among families for thermal plasticity (significant GxT effects), but not for nutritional plasticity (non-significant GxN effects) nor for the combined effects of temperature and food limitation (non-significant GxTxN effects). Our results reveal the context dependence of thermal plasticity, with the slope of thermal reaction norms varying across genotypes and across nutritional environments. We discuss these results in light of the ecological significance of pigmentation and the value of considering thermal plasticity in studies of the biological impact of climate change.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2024View details →

Ocean variability drives severe increases in heavy rainfall in the Yellow River Basin-Data availability part

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

Data from: Allocation and functional traits of trees and saplings of Bornean tree species growing under contrasting soil nutrient availabilities

The files hold the data of allocation and traits of adult trees ((i) the relationship between tree height and diameter at breast height, (ii) nutrient concentration in green leaves, senescent leaves, wood, and (iii) wood density) and saplings ((i) biomass allocation to leaves, stem, coarse roots, and fine roots, (ii) nutrient concentration in levees, senescent leaves, stem, and roots, and (iii) leaf mass per area) in Bornean tropical tree species growing under contrasting soil nutrient availabilities. Study site includes the Tawau Hills Park (4°27′N, 117°56′E, ca. 300 m asl), the Deramakot Forest Reserve (5°22′N, 117°25′E, ca. 250 m asl), and Nabawan (5°05′N, 116°29′E, ca. 500 m asl), Sabah, Malaysia. Vegetation of Tawau and Deramakot is a mixed dipterocarp forest, whereas that of Nabawan is a tropical heath forest. These sites considerably differ in soil characteristics. The forests in the Tawau Hills Park lie on the andesitic volcanic ash derived from the past eruptions ca. 27000 years ago by Mt. Magdalena, Mt. Lucia, and Mt. Maria. On the other hand, soils in the Deramakot Forest Reserve are derived from tertiary sedimentary rocks. Soils of Nabawan are classified as white sand podosol.

Accounting for viewshed area and animal availability when estimating density and recruitment of unmarked white-tailed deer

Quantifying demography of wildlife is vital to population monitoring; however, studies using physical capture methods can prove challenging. Camera traps have gained popularity as a density estimator tool in recent decades due to noninvasive data collection, reduced labor, cost efficiency, and large-scale monitoring capabilities. Many wildlife populations are comprised of individuals with no unique natural markers for individual identification, resulting in the need for unmarked abundance models. The recently developed Space-to-Event (STE) model offers a method for density estimation of unmarked populations using timelapse photography. STE relates detections of animals to camera sampling area (i.e., viewshed), resulting in density estimates that can be extrapolated to abundance over large areas. Consequently, this makes STE sensitive to estimates of viewshed area as small changes in viewshed could significantly affect density estimation. Using STE, we estimated density and recruitment of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in a densely forested landscape using measurements of viewshed per camera. We compared estimates of abundance derived from uniquely measured viewshed to estimates of abundance derived from an assumed viewshed area held constant across all cameras. When using a constant viewshed across all cameras, our point estimates of abundance shifted away from uniquely measured viewshed estimates in predictable ways, depending upon how much area was sampled. Additionally, we demonstrated the need for further exploration of animal availability at fine temporal scales by comparing estimates of density derived from sampling the full diel period to estimates derived from periods of peak activity (i.e., crepuscular periods). Finally, we extended the usefulness of the STE model by using densities of fawns and adult females to derive estimates of fawn recruitment.

Data from: Water availability and temperature as modifiers of evaporative water loss in tropical frogs

Water plays a notable role in the ecology of most terrestrial organisms due to the risks associated with water loss. Specifically, water loss in terrestrial animals happens through evaporation across respiratory tissues or epidermis. Amphibians are ideal systems for studying how abiotic factors impact water loss since their bodies often respond quickly to environmental changes. While the effect of temperature on water loss is well known across many taxa, we are still learning how temperature in combination with humidity or water availability affects water loss. Here, we tested how standing water sources (availability) and temperature (26 and 36°C) together affect water loss in anuran amphibians using a Bayesian framework. We also present a conceptual model for considering how water availability and temperature may interact, resulting in body mass changes. After accounting for phylogenetic and time autocorrelation, we determined how different variables (water loss and uptake rates, temperature, and body size) affect body mass in three species of tropical frogs (Rhinella marina, Phyllobates terribilis, and Xenopus tropicalis). We found that all variables impacted body mass changes with greater similarities between P. terribilis and X. tropicalis, but only temperature showed a notable effect in P. terribilis. Furthermore, we describe how the behavior of P. terribilis might affect its water budget. This study shows how organisms might manage water budgets across different environments and is important for developing our models of evaporative water loss and species distributions.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2024View details →

State of Nature layers for Water Availability and Water Pollution to support SBTN Step 1: Assess and Step 2: Interpret & Prioritize

There are multiple well-recognized and peer-reviewed global datasets that can be used to assess water availability and water pollution. Each of these datasets are based on different inputs, modeling approaches, assumptions, and limitations. Therefore, in SBTN Step 1: Assess and Step 2: Interpret & Prioritize, companies are required to consult different global datasets for a robust and comprehensive State of Nature (SoN) assessment for water availability and water pollution.  To streamline this process, WWF, the World Resources Institute (WRI), and SBTN worked together to develop two ready-to-use unified layers of SoN – one for water availability and one for water pollution – in line with the <a href="https://sciencebasedtargetsnetwork.org/resources/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Technical Guidance for Steps 1: Assess and Step 2: Interpret & Prioritize</a> (July 2024). The main outputs contain the maximum values of Water Availability and of Water Pollution as well as the individual indicators' values. This information is available at different spatial resolutions, thus in two data formats: 1) a shapefile with values at HydroBasins (Pfafstetter level 6); and 2) an excel file with values at sub-national divisions (Adm1) and national divisions (Adm0). These datasets and complete documentation are publicly available for download below.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2024View details →

Annex B – Occurrence data on TBBPA and TBBPA derivatives in food submitted to EFSA, dietary surveys per country and age group available in the EFSA Comprehensive Database considered in the exposure assessment, and chronic dietary exposure to TBBPA and the contribution of different food groups to the dietary exposure

This Annex contains the occurrence data submitted to EFSA, the dietary surveys per country and age group, and the chronic dietary exposure to PBDEs and the contribution of different food groups to the dietary exposure related to the Update of the risk assessment of TBBPA and its derivatives in food.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2022View details →

Thermophysical properties of hydrogen mixtures relevant for the development of the hydrogen economy: Review of available experimental data and thermodynamic models

File: 1-s2.0-S096014812201271X-mmc1.docx This file (DOCX) contains additional figures associated with the hydrogen-containing systems. File: 1-s2.0-S096014812201271X-mmc2.xlsx This file (XLSX) contains tables with the coordinates of the VLE associated with the hydrogen-containing systems. File: 1-s2.0-S096014812201271X-mmc3.xlsx This file (XLSX) contains tables with the density data associated with the hydrogen-containing systems. File: 1-s2.0-S096014812201271X-mmc4.xlsx This file (XLSX) contains tables with the calorific data associated with the hydrogen-containing systems.   File: 2022_Renewable Energy_Manuscript_repository.docx This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in Renewable Energy (2022, 198, 1398-1429). The editor of the Journal is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The definitive publisher-authenticated, Open-Access version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2022.08.096

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2022View details →

Experimental volumetric hydrogen uptake determination at 77 K of commercially available metal-organic framework materials

File: carbon-08-00005-with-cover.pdf This file contains the published paper (PDF) with a cover page.   File: carbon-1535765-supplementary.pdf This file (PDF) contains supporting data on the characterization of MOFs and hydrogen adsorption measurements.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2024View details →

Data for 'Nitrogen Availability and Summer Drought, but not N:P Imbalance, Drive Carbon Use Efficiency of a Mediterranean Tree-Grass Ecosystem

These are flux, meteorology, phenological transition dates and a NDVI timeseries for the Majadas del Tietar 'MANIP' experimental site between 2014 and 2020.  These data were used for the manuscript: Nair et al.  Nitrogen Availability and Summer Drought, but not N:P Imbalance, Drive Carbon Use Efficiency of a Mediterranean Tree-Grass Ecosystem submitted to Global Change Biology.  In this repository we provide partially processed data to reproduce the analysis in our manuscript. Raw images and half-hourly flux data are available at the following locations: Phenocam Imagery: the Phenocam network (https://phenocam.nau.edu/webcam/, sites - CT: eslma, NT: eslma1, NPT: eslma2). Flux and meteo:  the European Flux Database (https://www.europe-fluxdata.eu/, sites - CT: ES-LMa, NT: ES-LM1, NPT: ES-LM2). Satellite NDVI: Sentinel-2A and 2B data available at https://dataspace.copernicus.eu/.

openother-pdFeb 2018View details →

Partial list of theses and dissertations available at the Electronic Theses and Dissertations Library of the Federal University of Paraná, Brazil

This dataset lists part of the theses and dissertations available at the Electronic Theses and Dissertations Library of the Federal University of Paraná as of December 2017.  This information was extracted through the library's OAI-PMH interface, which does not provide access to the entirety of the works present in the repository. For each publication, the following metadata has been collected: <ul> <li>Handle identifier</li> <li>Title</li> <li>Authors</li> <li>Publication year</li> </ul>