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1,053 results for “Computed Tomography”
Data from: Pleural effusion biomarkers and computed tomography findings in diagnosing malignant pleural mesothelioma: a retrospective study in a single center
In this study, we aimed to examine the clinical value of the pleural effusion (PE) biomarkers, soluble mesothelin-related peptide (SMRP), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and the utility of combining chest computed tomography (CT) findings with these biomarkers, in diagnosing malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). We conducted a retrospective cohort study in a single center. Consecutive patients with undiagnosed pleural effusions who underwent PE analysis between September 2014 and August 2016 were reviewed. This study included 240 patients (32 with MPM and 208 non-MPM). SMRP and the CYFRA 21-1/CEA ratio had a sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing MPM of 56.3% and 86.5%, and 87.5% and 74.0%, respectively. Using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis of the ability of these markers to distinguish MPM from all other PE causes, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for SMRP and the CYFRA 21-1/CEA ratio was 0.804 and 0.874, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of SMRP combined with the CYFRA 21-1/CEA ratio were 93.8% and 64.9%, respectively. The sensitivity of the combination of SMRP, the CYFRA 21-1/CEA ratio, and the presence of Leung's criteria (a chest CT finding that is suggestive of malignant pleural disease) was 93.8%. In conclusion, the combined PE biomarkers had a high sensitivity for diagnosing MPM, although the addition of chest CT findings did not improve the sensitivity of SMRP combined with the CYFRA 21-1/CEA ratio. Combination of these biomarkers helped to rule out MPM effectively among patients at high risk of suffering MPM and would be valuable especially for old frail patients who have difficulty in undergoing invasive procedures such as thoracoscopy.
Data from: Redescription of Phymolepis cuifengshanensis (Antiarcha: Yunnanolepididae) using high-resolution computed tomography and new insights into anatomical details of the endocranium in antiarchs
Background. Yunnanolepidoids constitute either the basal-most consecutive segments or the most primitive clade of antiarchs, a highly diversified jawed vertebrate group from the Silurian and Early Devonian periods. Although the general morphology of yunnanolepidoids is well established, their endocranial features remain largely unclear, thus hindering our further understanding of antiarch evolution, and early gnathostome evolution. Phymolepis cuifengshanensis, a yunnanolepidoid from the Early Devonian of southwestern China, is re-described in detail to reveal the information on endocranial anatomy and additional morphological data of head and trunk shields. Methods. We scanned the material of P. cuifengshanensis using high-resolution computed tomography and generated virtual restorations to show the internal morphology of its dermal shield. The dorsal aspect of endocranium in P. cuifengshanensis was therefore inferred. The phylogenetic analysis of antiarchs was conducted based on a revised and expanded dataset that incorporates ten new cranial characters. Results. The lateroventral fossa of trunk shield and Chang's apparatus are three-dimensionally restored in P. cuifengshanensis. The canal that is positioned just anterior to the internal cavity of Chang's apparatus, probably corresponds to the rostrocaudal canal of euantiarchs. The endocranial morphology of P. cuifengshanensis corroborates a general pattern for yunnanolepidoids with additional characters distinguishing them from sinolepids and euantiarchs, such as a developed cranio-spinal process, an elongated endolymphatic duct, and a long occipital portion. Discussion. In light of new data from Phymolepis and Yunnanolepis, we summarized the morphology on the visceral surface of head shield in antiarchs, and formulated additional ten characters for the phylogenetic analysis. These cranial characters exhibit a high degree of morphological disparity between major subgroups of antiarchs, and highlight the endocranial character evolution in antiarchs.
In Vivo Rodent Cervicothoracic Vasculature Imaging Using Photoacoustic Computed Tomography
<p>These video clips are the supplementary video for the manuscript "<em>In Vivo</em> Rodent Cervicothoracic Vasculature Imaging Using Photoacoustic Computed Tomography" submitted to <em>Photonics</em>.</p>
FIGURES 1–4 in The first extinct species of Monolepta Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Galerucinae) from Bitterfeld amber, described using X-ray micro-computed tomography
FIGURES 1–4. Photomicrographs of Monolepta rappsilberi sp. nov., holotype, No T-I-K-30 [CIR], female: 1—habitus, dorsal view; 2—habitus, ventral view; 3—details of abdomen; 4—tarsi. Abbreviations: ca—carina, mst—mesotibia, mtt—metatibia, prt—protibia, v1–v5—abdominal ventrites 1–5. Not reproduced to the same scale.
FIGURES 12–13. X in The first extinct species of Monolepta Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Galerucinae) from Bitterfeld amber, described using X-ray micro-computed tomography
FIGURES 12–13. X-ray micro-CT renderings of Monolepta rappsilberi sp. nov., holotype, No T-I-K-30 [CIR]: 12—head (right antenna removed), frontal view; 13—details of forebody without legs, ventral view. Abbreviations: as—antennal sock- et, c—clypeus, fc—frontal carina, ft—frontal tubercle, l—labrum, mp3–mp4—maxillary palpomeres 3–4, os—orbital sulcus, scs—supracallar sulcus, sos—supraorbital sulcus. Scale bar represents 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 5–8. X in The first extinct species of Monolepta Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Galerucinae) from Bitterfeld amber, described using X-ray micro-computed tomography
FIGURES 5–8. X-ray micro-CT renderings of Monolepta rappsilberi sp. nov., holotype, No T-I-K-30 [CIR], habitus: 5—dorsal view; 6—ventral view; 7—right lateral vie; 8—left lateral view. Scale bar represents 1.0 mm.
FIGURES 9–11. X in The first extinct species of Monolepta Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Galerucinae) from Bitterfeld amber, described using X-ray micro-computed tomography
FIGURES 9–11. X-ray micro-CT renderings of Monolepta rappsilberi sp. nov., holotype, No T-I-K-30 [CIR]: 9—habitus, caudal view; 10—details of forebody, dorsal view; 11—habitus without legs, ventral view. Not reproduced to the same scale.
Data from: Computed tomography scanning as a tool for linking the skeletal and otolith-based fossil records of teleost fishes
Micro-computed tomography scanning (µCT scanning) now represents a standard tool for non-destructive study of internal or concealed structure in fossils. Here we report on otoliths found in situ during routine µCT scanning of three-dimensionally preserved skulls of Palaeogene and Cretaceous fishes. Comparisons are made with isolated otolith-based taxa in order to attempt correlations between the body fossil and otolith fossil records. In situ otoliths previously extracted mechanically from specimens of Apogon macrolepis and Dentex laekeniensis match our µCT models. In some cases, we find a high degree of congruence between previously independent taxonomic placements for otolith and skeletal remains (Rhinocephalus, Osmeroides, Hoplopteryx). Unexpectedly, in situ otoliths of the aulopiform Apateodus match isolated otoliths of Late Cretaceous age previously interpreted as belonging to gempylids, a group of percomorph fishes that do not appear in the body fossil record until the Palaeogene. This striking example of convergence suggests constraints on otolith geometry in pelagic predators. The otoliths of Apateodus show a primitive geometry for aulopiforms and lack the derived features of Alepisauroidea, the lizardfish clade to which the genus is often attributed. In situ otoliths of Early Cretaceous fishes (Apsopelix) are not well preserved, and we are unable to identify clear correlations with isolated otolith morphologies. We conclude that the preservation of otoliths suitable for µCT scanning appears intimately connected with the taphonomic history, lithological characteristics of surrounding matrix, and syn- and postdepositional diagenetic effects.
The efficacy of X-ray micro-computed tomography for acorn worm taxonomy: Balanoglossus occidentalis (manuscript species) from Puget Sound, Washington
<p>Micro-CT scan data of Balanoglossus occidentalis generated with a Zeiss Xradia Versa 520. A first scan was made of the whole specimen with AMC drift correction, 0 beam hardening, voltage of 60 kV, currant of 82 µA, exposure time of 1.7 sec, LE2 source filter, LE6 secondary filter, 1601 Projection numbers, single FOV, vertical stitching and a resolution of 9,0373 µm. Then, a second scan was made focusing on the collar and the base of the proboscis because these regions are particularly informative to taxonomic descriptions of acorn worms. This second scan had a Projection number of 2401 and a resolution of 4.5075 µm. Each scan took 3 hours.</p>
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Italy: features on Chest Computed Tomography using a structured report system
<p>We uploaded a dataset including the presence of GGO and its distribution for each patient presented in the manuscript: Grassi R, Fusco R, Belfiore MP, Montanelli A, Patelli G, Urraro F, Petrillo A, Granata V, Sacco P, Mazzei MA, Feragalli B, Reginelli A, Cappabianca S. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Italy: features on chest computed tomography using a structured report system. Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 14;10(1):17236. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-73788-5. Erratum in: Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 15;11(1):4231. PMID: 33057039; PMCID: PMC7566610.</p>
Preliminary Report on Computed Tomography Radiomics Features as biomarkers to Immunotherapy selection in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients
<p>We uploaded all radiomics metrics extracted for 88 patients enrolled in the study: Preliminary Report on Computed Tomography Radiomics Features as biomarkers to Immunotherapy selection in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients.</p> <p>Each radiomic feature is described in the Appendix of the manuscript.</p> <p>Moreover Overall survival (OS) and Progression free survival (PFS) for each patient is provided.</p>
Figure 3 in Trigonotarbus johnsoni Pocock, 1911, revealed by X-ray computed tomography, with a cladistic analysis of the extinct trigonotarbid arachnids
Figure 3. Tomographic reconstruction of Trigonotarbus johnsoni based on specimen NHMUK I. 15860. A, dorsal view. B, fourth right leg, podomeres labelled. C, ventral view. D, ventrolateral view of the coxo-sternal region. Abbreviations: 1–12, segment number; CE1−2, coxal endites 1–2; CH, chelicerae; CL, clypeus; FE, femur; L1−L4, legs 1–4; ME, median eye tubercle; MT, metatarsus; PA, patella; PP, pedipalp; PR, projection; TA, tarsus; TI, tibia; TR, trochanter. Scale bars: A, C = 2 mm, B = 1 mm, D = 0.5 mm.
Figure 1 in Trigonotarbus johnsoni Pocock, 1911, revealed by X-ray computed tomography, with a cladistic analysis of the extinct trigonotarbid arachnids
Figure 1. Reconstructions of representatives of nine trigonotarbid families, shown to scale. A, Palaeocharinus rhyniensis (Palaeocharinidae). B, Archaeomartus levis (Archaeomartidae). C, Anthracomartus hindi (Anthracomartidae). D, Anthracosiro woodwardi (Anthracosironidae). E, Trigonotarbus johnsoni (Trigonotarbidae). F, Lissomartus schucherti (Lissomartidae). G, Aphantomartus pustulatus (Aphantomartidae). H, Eophrynus prestvicii (Eophrynidae). I, Kreischeria wiedei (Kreischeriidae). Scale bar = 10 mm.
Figure 5 in Trigonotarbus johnsoni Pocock, 1911, revealed by X-ray computed tomography, with a cladistic analysis of the extinct trigonotarbid arachnids
Figure 5. The results of the cladistic analysis. The four trees show, as labelled, the agreement subtree and strict consensus of both the equally weighted analysis and implied weights analyses with concavity constants (k) of 0.25, 1, 3, and 10.
Figure 4 in Trigonotarbus johnsoni Pocock, 1911, revealed by X-ray computed tomography, with a cladistic analysis of the extinct trigonotarbid arachnids
Figure 4. An idealized reconstruction of Trigonotarbus johnsoni based on the computed tomography scan of NHMUK I. 15860 and additional hand specimens. Scale bar = 2 mm.
FIGURE 1 in First fossil representative of Cerylonidae (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea) described using X-ray micro-computed tomography, from Eocene Baltic amber
FIGURE 1. Protostomopsis pandema gen. et sp. nov., holotype, No MP/4233/col. AG/no. 9441 [ISEA]: A, B – dorsal habitus photomicrograph, and corresponding X-ray μCT rendering; C, D – ventral habitus photomicrograph, and corresponding X-ray μCT rendering. Scale bars represent 0.25 mm.
FIGURE 7 in First fossil representative of Cerylonidae (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea) described using X-ray micro-computed tomography, from Eocene Baltic amber
FIGURE 7. Distribution of Ostomopsinae: extant species of Ostomopsis (green), and Eocene record of fossil Protostomopsis pandema gen. et sp. nov. (red).
FIGURE 6 in First fossil representative of Cerylonidae (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea) described using X-ray micro-computed tomography, from Eocene Baltic amber
FIGURE 6. Protostomopsis pandema gen. et sp. nov., MP/4233/col. AG/no.9441 [ISEA], X-ray μCT rendering of aedeagus: A – dorsal view; B – ventral view; C – lateral view. Abbreviations: ap—apex; ba—base. Scale bar represents 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 3 in First fossil representative of Cerylonidae (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea) described using X-ray micro-computed tomography, from Eocene Baltic amber
FIGURE 3. Protostomopsis pandema gen. et sp. nov., paratype, No P3300.138 [RSKM], habitus: A – dorsal view; B – ventral view; C – right lateral view. Scale bar represents 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in First fossil representative of Cerylonidae (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea) described using X-ray micro-computed tomography, from Eocene Baltic amber
FIGURE 2. Protostomopsis pandema gen. et sp. nov., holotype, No MP/4233/col. AG/no. 9441 [ISEA] surrounded by fungal hyphae: A, B – right lateral habitus photomicrograph, and corresponding X-ray μCT rendering; C, D – left lateral habitus phot- omicrograph, and corresponding X-ray μCT rendering. Scale bars represent 0.25 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.