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1,161 results for “Drosophila melanogaster”
Data for: Consequences of adaptation to larval crowding on sexual and fecundity selection in Drosophila melanogaster
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Data from: Complex constraints on allometry revealed by artificial selection on the wing of Drosophila melanogaster
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Data from: Sex-specific weight loss mediates sexual size dimorphism in Drosophila melanogaster
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Data from: Behavioral elements and sensory cues involved in sexual isolation between Drosophila melanogaster strains
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Data from: Does increased heat resistance result in higher susceptibility to predation? A test using (Drosophila melanogaster) selection and hardening
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Genetic variation for sexual dimorphism in developmental traits in Drosophila melanogaster
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Phototactic choices of Drosophila melanogaster
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Data from: Stage-specific genotype-by-environment interactions for cold and heat hardiness in Drosophila melanogaster.
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Data from: The microbiota influences the Drosophila melanogaster life history strategy
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Paternally inherited P-element copy number affects the magnitude of hybrid dysgenesis in Drosophila simulans and D. melanogaster
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Comparative effects of two different aluminum nanoparticle formulations on the histological and physiological aspects of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) as a model
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Neuronal octopamine signaling regulates mating-induced germline stem cell increase in female Drosophila melanogaster
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Single-nucleus RNA-sequencing in pre-cellularization Drosophila melanogaster embryos
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Understanding the Early Evolutionary Stages of a Tandem Drosophila melanogaster - Specific Gene Family: A Structural and Functional Population Study
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Data for High resolution infection kinetics of entomophathogenic nematodes entering drosophila melanogaster
<p>This is data for the article in Press at Insects. </p>
Data from: Deleterious mutations show increasing negative effects with age in Drosophila melanogaster
<p><strong>Background</strong><br> In order for ageing to evolve in response to a declining strength of selection with age, a genetic architecture that allows for mutations with age-specific effects on organismal performance is required. Our understanding of how selective effects of individual mutations are distributed across ages is however poor. Established evolutionary theories assume that mutations causing ageing have negative late-life effects, coupled to either positive or neutral effects early in life. New theory now suggests evolution of ageing may also result from deleterious mutations with increasing negative effects with age, a possibility that has not yet been empirically explored.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong><br> To directly test how the effects of deleterious mutations are distributed across ages, we separately measure age-specific effects on fecundity for each of 20 mutations in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>. We find that deleterious mutations in general have a negative effect that increases with age, and that the rate of increase depends on how deleterious a mutation is early in life.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b><br> Our findings suggest that ageing does not exclusively depend on genetic variants assumed by the established evolutionary theories of ageing. Instead, ageing can result from deleterious mutations with negative effects that amplify with age. If increasing negative effect with age is a general property of deleterious mutations, the proportion of mutations with the capacity to contribute towards ageing may be considerably larger than previously believed.</p>
Dispersal of Drosophila melanogaster over landscapes with different food patch structures
<p>Theoretical and empirical studies often show that within populations, individuals vary in their propensity to disperse. We aspired to understand how this behavioural variation is impacted by the distribution and pattern of food patches across a landscape. In a series of experiments, we examined how inter-patch distance and the distribution of food patches influenced dispersal in wild-type strains of <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> with natural allelic variants of the <em>foraging</em> (<em>for</em>) gene known to influence dispersal in this species. The "rover" strain was homozygous for the <em>for</em><sup>R</sup> allele (more dispersive) whereas the "sitter" strain was homozygous for <em>for</em><sup>s</sup> (less dispersive). We also assessed an outbred population of flies with an unknown dispersal propensity. Dispersal was assayed in a multi-patch lab arena (25 cells, 5 x 5 array). In the inter-patch distance trials, landscapes of two different sizes (small vs. large) were used, both with food in all 25 cells. Dispersal was reduced in the large landscape relative to the small landscape for all three fly strains. Sitter dispersal was lowest relative to both rovers and the outbred flies, whose dispersal tendencies were similar. In the patch distribution trials, flies were assayed in landscapes with varying distribution and number of cells containing food. Dispersal generally increased as the number of patches with food increased, however, rovers and sitters adopted similar dispersal strategies when food was fixed and limited. Conversely, their strategies differed when the total amount of food increased along with the number of patches. We found that both the inter-patch distance and distribution can influence dispersal. However, the effect of inter-patch distance and distribution on dispersal depends on genotype x environment interaction (G x E). Our findings highlight the importance of considering G x E when assessing how dispersal strategies and landscape dynamics influence the distribution of animal communities.</p>
Data from: Interactive effects of social environment, age and sex on immune responses in Drosophila melanogaster
Social environments have been shown to have multiple effects on individual immune responses. For example, increased social contact might signal greater infection risk and prompt a prophylactic upregulation of immunity. This differential investment of resources may in part explain why social environments affect ageing and lifespan. Our previous work using Drosophila melanogaster showed that single-sex social contact reduced lifespan for both sexes. Here, we assess how social interactions (isolation or contact) affect susceptibility to infection, phagocytotic activity and expression of a subset of immune and stress related genes in young and old flies of both sexes. Social contact had a neutral, or even improved, effect on post-infection lifespan in older flies and reduced the expression of stress response genes in females, however it reduced phagocytotic activity. Together, these findings indicate that social contact in D. melanogaster does not have a predictable impact on immune responses and does not simply trade-off immune investment with lifespan.
Data from: Phenotypic plasticity, but not adaptive tracking, underlies seasonal variation in post-cold hardening freeze tolerance of Drosophila melanogaster
<p> In temperate regions, an organism's ability to rapidly adapt to seasonally varying environments is essential for its survival. In response to seasonal changes in selection pressure caused by variation in temperature, humidity, and food availability, some organisms exhibit plastic changes in phenotype. In other cases, seasonal variation in selection pressure can rapidly increase the frequency of genotypes that offer survival or reproductive advantages under the current conditions. Little is known about the relative influences of plastic and genetic changes in short lived organisms experiencing seasonal environmental fluctuations. Cold hardening is a seasonally relevant plastic response in which exposure to cool, but nonlethal, temperatures significantly increases the organism's ability to later survive at freezing temperatures. In the present study, we demonstrate seasonal variation in cold hardening in <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> and test the extent to which plasticity and adaptive tracking underlie that seasonal variation. We measured the post-cold hardening freeze tolerance of flies from outdoor mesocosms over the summer, fall, and winter. We bred outdoor mesocosm-caught flies for two generations in the lab and matched each outdoor cohort to an indoor control cohort of similar genetic background. We cold hardened all flies under controlled laboratory conditions and then measured their post-cold hardening freeze tolerance. Comparing indoor and field-caught flies and their laboratory-reared G1 and G2 progeny allowed us to determine the roles of seasonal environmental plasticity, parental effects, and genetic changes on cold hardening. We also tested the relationship between cold hardening and other factors, including age, developmental density, food substrate, presence of antimicrobials, and supplementation with live yeast. We found strong plastic responses to a variety of field- and lab-based environmental effects, but no evidence of seasonally varying parental or genetic effects on cold hardening. We therefore conclude that seasonal variation in post-cold hardening freeze tolerance results from environmental influences and not genetic changes. </p>
Divergence of responses to variable socio-sexual environments in laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster evolving under altered operational sex-ratios
<p class="BodyA">Post-copulatory sexual selection (PSS) is an important selective force that determines fitness in polyandrous species. PSS can be intense in some cases and can drive the evolution of remarkable ejaculate properties. In males, investment in ejaculate plays an important role in the outcome of PSS. Thus, males are expected to adaptively tailor their ejaculate according to the perceived competition in their vicinity. Plastic responses in ejaculate investment to variation in intra-sexual competition are disparate and widespread in males.</p> <p class="BodyA"><span>We investigated the evolution of plasticity in reproductive traits using <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> populations evolving for more than 150 generations under male- or female-biased sex ratios.</span> <span>When exposed to different numbers of competitors early in their life, males from these two regimes responded differently in terms of their copulation duration and sperm competitive ability. In addition, the effect of this early life experience wore off at different rates in males of male-biased and female-biased regimes with increasing time from the removal of competitive cues. Furthermore, our study finds that males change their reproductive strategies depending upon the identity of rival males. Together, our results provide evidence of the evolution of male reproductive investment that depends on socio-sexual cues experienced early in life. </span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.