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7,081 results for “Habitats”
Habitat photo of Eremohaplomydas gobabebensis (Diptera: Mydidae)
<p>Habitat where <em>Eremohaplomydas gobabebensis</em> Boschert & Dikow, 2022 (Insecta: Diptera: Mydidae) was observed and collected. <br> Sparsely vegetated small sand dune West of Kuiseb riverbed at Gobabeb, Namibia (23°33’50”S 015°01’59”E). Grass <em>Centropodia glauca</em> (Poaceae) in the foreground. Photo taken 23 Nov 2018.</p>
Random sample of habitat suitability for wolves in Scotland
<p>A rule-based habitat suitability model was created for wolves (<em>Canis lupus</em>) in mainland Scotland. Six variations of the model were run, in order to test sensitivity to changes in input values. In order to test for difference in the outputs of the six models, 500 random points were sampled from all six models, and then a test for statistical difference performed. This dataset constitutes the values of the 500 random points, where 1 indicates complete suitability and 0 indicates complete unsuitability.</p>
Dataset for Aqueous habitats and carbon inputs shape the microscale geography and interaction ranges of soil bacteria
<p>This repository hosts data for the paper entitled: "<em>Aqueous habitats and carbon inputs shape the microscale geography and interaction ranges of soil bacteria</em>" by Samuel Bickel and Dani Or.</p> <p>The following files are provided:</p> <p><strong>Microcosm experiment:</strong></p> <p>- Fluorescence microscopy images of the microcosm experiment (*.tif)</p> <p>- Code used for extracting cell locations from images (image_analysis.py)</p> <p><strong>Global model estimates from the bacterial interactions heuristic model:</strong></p> <p>- Maps of estimated cell density and proportion of biomass associated with anoxic cell clusters (*.nc)</p> <p> </p>
Fig. 2 in Associations Between Habitat Quality And Body Size In The Carpathian-Podolian Land Snail Vestia Turgida: Species Distribution Model Selection And Assessment Of Performance
Fig. 2. Linear relationship (solid line) and 95 % confidence interval (gray area) between habitat quality predicted by the BART model (x-axis) and shell height (H in millimeters, y-axis), derived from the linear mixed model.
Fig. 4. Partial dependence plot for topographic Fig. 5 in Associations Between Habitat Quality And Body Size In The Carpathian-Podolian Land Snail Vestia Turgida: Species Distribution Model Selection And Assessment Of Performance
Fig. 4. Partial dependence plot for topographic Fig. 5. Partial dependence plot for terrain roughness wetness index (TWI). index (tri).
Fig. 6 in Associations Between Habitat Quality And Body Size In The Carpathian-Podolian Land Snail Vestia Turgida: Species Distribution Model Selection And Assessment Of Performance
Fig. 6. Partial dependence plot for pH water (phh2o). Fig. 7. Partial dependence plot for silt content (SLT).
Maps of depths are created for the site of 50 m length. Flow types are turbulent, broken standing waves, unbroken standing waves, and rippled. The average width was 8 m and varied from 5.5 to 12 m. Bed elements included bars, rocks, and step/pools. The average depth was 0.35 m, with a maximum of 0.6 m. The average velocity was 0.4 m/s, with a maximum of 1.2 m/s (figs 10). Distribution of bottom habitats at the locations with the crayfish are as follows: megalital — 5 %, macrolithal — 30 %, mesolithal — 25 %, microlithal — 15 %, psammal — 15 %, CPOM — 10 %. Assessment by hydrobiological parameters showed that the presence of Lyngbya and Oscillatoria, as well as the increase of the number of Oligochae- in New Findings Of White Clawed Crayfish, Austropotamobius Pallipes (Decapoda, Astacidae), And Peculiarities Of Its Spatial Distribution In Neretvica (Bosnia And Herzegovina)
Maps of depths are created for the site of 50 m length. Flow types are turbulent, broken standing waves, unbroken standing waves, and rippled. The average width was 8 m and varied from 5.5 to 12 m. Bed elements included bars, rocks, and step/pools. The average depth was 0.35 m, with a maximum of 0.6 m. The average velocity was 0.4 m/s, with a maximum of 1.2 m/s (figs 10). Distribution of bottom habitats at the locations with the crayfish are as follows: megalital — 5 %, macrolithal — 30 %, mesolithal — 25 %, microlithal — 15 %, psammal — 15 %, CPOM — 10 %. Assessment by hydrobiological parameters showed that the presence of Lyngbya and Oscillatoria, as well as the increase of the number of Oligochae-
Habitats as predictors in species distribution models: Shall we use continuous or binary data?
<p>The representation of a land cover type (i.e., habitat) within an area is often used as an explanatory variable in species distribution models. However, it is possible that a simple binary presence/absence of the suitable habitat might be the most important determinant of the presence/absence of some species and, thus, be a better predictor of species occurrence than the continuous parameter (area). We hypothesize that the binary predictor is more suitable for relatively rare habitats (e.g., wetlands) while for common habitats (e.g., forests) the amount of the focal habitat is a better predictor. We used the Third Atlas of Breeding Birds in the Czech Republic as the source of species distribution data and CORINE Land Cover inventory as the source of the landcover information. To test our hypothesis, we fitted generalized linear models of 32 water and 32 forest bird species. Our results show that for water bird species, models using binary predictors (presence/absence of the habitat) performed better than models with continuous predictors (i.e., the amount of the habitat); for forest species, however, we observed the opposite. Thus, future studies using habitats as predictors of species occurrences should consider the prevalence of the habitat in the landscape, and the biological role of the habitat type in the particular species' life history. In addition, performing a preliminary comparison of the performance of the binary and continuous versions of habitat predictors (e.g., using information criteria) prior to modelling, during variable selection, can be beneficial. These are simple steps that will improve explanatory and predictive performance of models of species distributions in biogeography, community ecology, macroecology, and ecological conservation.</p>
Fig. 1 in Preliminary Study Of Habitat-Related Bat Fauna Of Mastouta-Bishshouk Region (Northwest Tunisia)
Fig. 1. Bat sampling sites in the Mastouta-Bishshouk region (Beja, Northwest Tunisia). 1 — Bridge of Beja Wadi, 2 — Artificial basin, 3 — Crop fields, 4 — Tunnel of water channel, 5 — Train abandoned tunnel.
Habitat-linked genetic variation supports microgeographic adaptive divergence in an island-endemic bird species
<p>We present evidence for and investigate potential mechanisms driving habitat-linked genetic divergence within a bird species endemic to a single 250 km<sup>2</sup> island. The island scrub-jay (<em>Aphelocoma insularis</em>) exhibits microgeographic divergence in bill morphology across pine-oak ecotones on Santa Cruz Island, California (USA) similar to adaptive differences described in mainland congeners over much larger geographic scales. To test whether individuals exhibit genetic differentiation related to habitat type and divergence in bill length, we genotyped over 3,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 123 adult island scrub-jay males from across Santa Cruz Island using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq). Neutral landscape genomic analyses revealed that genome-wide genetic differentiation was primarily related to geographic distance and differences in habitat composition. We also found 168 putatively adaptive loci associated with habitat type using multivariate redundancy analysis (RDA) while controlling for spatial effects. Finally, two genome-wide association analyses revealed a polygenic basis to variation in bill length with multiple loci detected in or near genes known to affect bill morphology in other birds. Our findings support the hypothesis that divergent selection at microgeographic scales can cause adaptive divergence in the presence of ongoing gene flow.</p>
Data from: Phylogenomics of elongate-bodied Springtails reveals independent transitions from aboveground to belowground habitats in deep time
<p>Soil has become a major hotspot of biodiversity studies, yet the pattern and timing of the evolution of soil organisms are poorly known because of the scarcity of palaeontological data. To overcome this limitation, we conducted a genome-based macroevolutionary study of an ancient, diversified, and widespread lineage of soil fauna, the elongate-bodied springtails (class Collembola, order Entomobryomorpha). To build the first robust backbone phylogeny of this previously refractory group, we sampled representatives of major higher taxa (6 out of 8 families, 11 out of 16 subfamilies) of the order with an emphasis on the most problematic superfamily Tomoceroidea, applied whole-genome sequencing (WGS) methods, and compared the performance of different combinations of datasets (universal single-copy orthologues/USCO versus ultraconserved elements/UCE) and modelling schemes. The fossil-calibrated timetree was used to reconstruct the evolution of body size, sensory organs, and pigmentation to establish a time frame of the ecomorphological divergences. The resultant trees based on different analyses were congruent in most nodes. Several discordant nodes were carefully evaluated by considering method fitness, morphological information, and topology test. The evaluation favoured the well-resolved topology from analyses using USCO amino acid matrices and complex site-heterogeneous models (CAT+GTR and LG+PMSF (C60)). The preferred topology supports the monophyletic superfamily Tomoceroidea as an early-diverging lineage and a sister relationship between Entomobryoidea and Isotomoidea. The family Tomoceridae was recovered as monophyletic, while Oncopoduridae was recovered as paraphyletic, with <em>Harlomillsia</em> as a sister to Tomoceridae and hence deserving a separate family status as Harlomillsiidae Yu and Zhang <strong>fam. n.</strong> Ancestral Entomobryomorpha were reconstructed as surface-living, supporting independent origins of soil-living groups across the Palaeozoic–Mesozoic, and highlighting the ancient evolutionary interaction between aboveground and belowground fauna.</p>
Fig. 3. Partial dependence plot for BIO17 in Associations Between Habitat Quality And Body Size In The Carpathian-Podolian Land Snail Vestia Turgida: Species Distribution Model Selection And Assessment Of Performance
Fig. 3. Partial dependence plot for BIO17 = Precipitation of Driest Quarter; gray area = 95 % confidence interval.
Data and JAGS-code for "Michel et al 2022 Ecology and Evolution - Reduced habitat quality increases intrinsic but not ecological costs of reproduction"
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Although the costs of reproduction are predicted to vary with the quality of the breeding habitat thereby affecting population dynamics and life-history trade-offs, empirical evidence for this pattern remains sparse and equivocal. Costs of reproduction can operate through immediate ecological mechanisms or through delayed intrinsic mechanisms. Ignoring these separate pathways might hinder the identification of costs and the understanding of their consequences. We experimentally investigated the survival costs of reproduction for adult little owls (<em>Athene noctua</em>) within a gradient of habitat quality. We supplemented food to nestlings, thereby relieving the parents’ effort for brood provisioning. We used radio-tracking and Bayesian multi-state modelling based on marked recapture and dead recovery to estimate survival rates of adult little owls across the year as a function of food supplementation and habitat characteristics. Food supplementation to nestlings during the breeding season increased parental survival not only during the breeding season but also during the rest of the year. Thus, the low survival of parents of unfed broods likely represents both, strong ecological and strong intrinsic costs of reproduction. However, while immediate ecological costs occurred also in high quality habitats, intrinsic costs carrying over to the post-breeding period occurred only in low quality habitats. Our results suggest that immediate costs resulting from ecological mechanisms such as predation, are high also in territories of high habitat quality. Long-term costs resulting from intrinsic trade-offs, however, are only paid in low quality habitats. Consequently, differential effects of habitat quality on immediate ecological and delayed intrinsic mechanisms can mask the increase of costs of reproduction in low quality breeding habitats. Intrinsic costs may represent an underrated mechanism of habitat quality affecting adult survival rate thereby considerably accelerating population decline in degrading habitats. This study therefore highlights the need for a long-term perspective to fully assess the costs of reproduction and the role of habitat quality in modifying these costs.</p>
Dataset accompanying Riesch et al. 2022. Grazing by wild red deer can mitigate nutrient enrichment in protected semi-natural open habitats. Oecologia
<p>This repository contains the data set on nutrient fluxes through wild red deer used by Riesch et al. 2022 in an article puplished in <em>Oecologia</em> (accepted 2022-05-01).</p> <p>Metadata are provided in the first excel worksheet. For further details please see the original article (DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05182-z).</p>
Dataset of habitat quality does not predict animal population abundance on frequently disturbed landscapes
<p>The data presented here are related to the research article entitled "Habitat quality does not predict animal population abundance on frequently disturbed landscapes". Using an individual-based model, we simulated movement of theoretical individuals in a dynamically disturbed landscape and quantified the error of predicting population spatial relative abundance using an habitat model. This dataset provides the Earth Mover's Distance (EMD) as prediction error measure obtained in simulations with varying individual step length and disturbance frequency.</p>
Fig. 3 in Diversity Of Mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) And Physico-Chemical Characterization Of Their Larval Habitats In Tizi-Ouzou Area, Algeria
Fig. 3. Mosquito breeding sites (site 01, a; site 02, b; site 03, c; site 04, d; site 05, e; site 06, f); site 07, g).
Fig. 3 in Black Tern Nest-Site Fidelity In An Unstable Habitat: A Preliminary Study
Fig. 3. The distribution of Black Tern colonies at the northern part of Kaniv water reservoir. The only colonies shown here are those where the returns of birds, which had been marked in 2012–2019, were recorded.
Fig. 4 in Hydro Power Development And Its Impacts On The Habitats And Diversity Of Montane Birds Of Western Himalayas
Fig. 4. Ordination of 56 bird species on the first two canonical axes with biplot for key environmental variables derived from Euclidean distance. The ordination showed altitude, tree density, shrub density, canopy cover, and disturbance to be the environmental variables influencing distribution of bird in the study area.
Fig. 3 in Hydro Power Development And Its Impacts On The Habitats And Diversity Of Montane Birds Of Western Himalayas
Fig. 3. Species accumulation patterns of birds in five different habitat types of Sainj Valley, Himachal Pradesh. Estimated species richness Jackknife 1 is shown.
Fig. 1 in Hydro Power Development And Its Impacts On The Habitats And Diversity Of Montane Birds Of Western Himalayas
Fig. 1. Location map: a — location map of sampling sites in Sainj Valley of Western Himalayas; b — land use and land cover map of Sainj Valley-2010 (Jolli, 2014).
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.