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1,196 results for “Minerals”
Evaluating the use of hair as a non-invasive indicator of trace mineral status in woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou)
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Soil structure changes under reduced tillage and cover cropping enhance carbon mineralization in Mediterranean croplands
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Data from: More than a decade of moderate grazing: No impact on soil organic carbon stocks and enhancement of mineral-associated organic carbon via livestock diversification
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The contribution of Fe(III) reduction to soil carbon mineralization in montane meadows depends on soil chemistry, not parent material or microbial community
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Data from: Visualizing mineralization processes and fossil anatomy using synchronous synchrotron X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction mapping
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Global distribution of oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mineral topsoils
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Perceived predation risk affects mammal behavior at Amazonian mineral licks
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Data from: Wildfire-induced losses of soil particulate and mineral-associated organic carbon persist for over four years in a chaparral ecosystem
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Data from: Mineralization of a fully halogenated organic compound by persulfate under conditions relevant to in situ reduction and oxidation: Reduction of hexachloroethane by ethanol addition followed by oxidation
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Mineral nitrogen nutrition of Fagus sylvatica L roots colonized by ectomycorrhizal fungi in native forest soil
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Artificial Communities Experiment: Net Nitrogen Mineralization and Nitrification Potentials
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Soil nitrate, ammonium, moisture and nitrogen mineralization: The Small Biodiversity Experiment
Biodiversity I (E123), also called the ?small biodiversity experiment,? was designed to determine how the number of species affects the dynamics of ecological processes at the population, community, and ecosystem levels. By experimentally manipulating the number of species and the kinds of species, the amount of plant growth and the change from year to year that result can be examined. Also, the effects of number of species on carbon and nitrogen in the soil and on the ability of other species to invade can be studied. The experiment contains 147 3 x 3m plots that were randomly allocated 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 or 24 plant species. The particular species in a plot were randomly selected from a set of 24 prairie-grassland species which included seven warm-season (C4) grasses, four cool-season (C3) grasses, four legumes, nine non-legume forbs. Each level of number of species has 20 to 24 replicates. In this experiment not all of the species are in monocultures. The study was established in 1994 by lead investigators David Tilman, David Wedin, Peter Reich, and Johannes Knops. Experiment 123 is similar to Experiment 120, but it uses smaller plots and did not categorize by type of plant species prior to randomizing species to plots. This size of plot in Experiment 123 means that the soils are relatively more homogeneous and the desired number of species can be more easily maintained by frequent hand weeding than with larger plots. However, the small size of plots limits sampling and the nesting of other studies within the plots.
Soil net N mineralization over five incubation periods:Effect of Burning Patterns on Vegetation in the Fish Lake Burn Compartments
This study examines the effects of long-term prescribed burning treatments on vegetation structure and composition, productivity, and nutrient cycling in upland oak savanna and woodland vegetation. The basis for the study is an ongoing, experimental prescribed burning program begun in 1964 at Cedar Creek, and a similar program operating since 1962 on the adjacent Helen Allison Savanna property (owned by The Nature Conservancy). These prescribed burning programs are designed to subject upland oak communities (and some old fields) to different burn frequencies and patterns of burning, with the ultimate objectives of 1) restoring and maintaining the historically important savanna and open woodland vegetation, and 2) providing information about the effects of different burning patterns on vegetation structure and composition. This study addresses the latter of these two purposes and expands on it by also investigating possible influences of fire on resource availability (nutrients, water, and light) and net primary productivity. This study represents a continuation and expansion of experiments 015 and 094.
Nitrogen mineralization rate: Successional Dynamics on a Resampled Chronosequence
The purpose of this observational study is to describe the dynamics of ecosystem succession. The change in the number, type, and amount of plant and grazing animal species is monitored in more than 20 fields. These fields were previously cultivated, but then abandoned from agriculture at various times in the past. The fields were left undisturbed for plants to develop from seeds within the soil or brought into the fields by wind or animals. Permanent transects have been established in these abandoned fields for purposes of sampling in a consistent location from year to year. Permanent plots along these transects have been used to sample soil nutrients, (in particular, nitrogen) abundance of vegetation, species composition and herbivore populations. The sampling occurs approximately every 6 years. In the initial survey, 100 quadrats of size 1 by 0.5 m were sampled per field in 23 different fields. Abandoned fields included in E014 are 4, 5, 10, 21, 24, 26, 27, 28, 32, 35, 39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 47, 53, 70, 72, 76, 77. Fields 22(B), 29(A), and 69(C) were originally included in E014 but used for other purposes shortly after the start of the study. This experiment was established in 1983 and 1989 by principal investigators Johannes Knops and David Tilman. Past work at CDR and elsewhere has demonstrated an overriding influence of fire frequency in maintaining prairie openings and oak savanna at the prairie-forest border. Fire regimes harm some types of species while favoring others and drive light and nutrient dynamics, which in turn drive community functional attributes and diversity levels. Ultimately, fire frequency interacts with climate, N deposition, land use, and biotic invasion to determine the outcomes of tree-grass interactions and the dynamics of vegetation at ecotones such as the prairie-forest border in Minnesota. In 2006 each field was divided in half, and one half randomly chosen for periodic prescribed burning (a fire every other year). We anticipate that th
SGS-LTER Graduate Student Research: Annual Nitrogen Mineralization Rates as Biochemical Responses of US Great Plains Grasslands to Regional and Interannual Variability in Precipitation (1999-2001)
This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. Additional information and referenced materials can be found: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/85531. Carbon (C) sequestration potential in grasslands is thought to be high due to the large soil organic carbon pools characteristic of these ecosystems. Inputs of C (aboveground net primary productivity) are highly correlated to precipitation across the Great Plains region; however, changes in C pool size at a specific site are governed by the relative input and output rates across time. Our objective was to quantify the ecosystem C response of three grassland community types (shortgrass steppe, mixed grass and tallgrass prairie) to interannual variation in precipitation. At five sites across a precipitation gradient in the Great Plains, we measured net primary production (NPP), soil respiration (SRESP), and litter decomposition rates for three consecutive years. NPP, SRESP, and litter decomposition increased from shortgrass steppe (175, 454, and 47 g C m-2 yr-1) to tallgrass prairie (408, 1221, and 348 g C m-2 yr-1 for NPP, SRESP, and litter decomposition respectively). Increased growing season precipitation between study years resulted in increased NPP, SRESP, and litter decomposition at almost all sites. However, the regional patterns of the interannual NPP, SRESP, and lit
SGS-LTER Graduate Student Research: Monthly Nitrogen Mineralization Rates as Biochemical Responses of US Great Plains Grasslands to Regional and Interannual Variability in Precipitation (1999-2001)
This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. Additional information and referenced materials can be found: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/85531. Carbon (C) sequestration potential in grasslands is thought to be high due to the large soil organic carbon pools characteristic of these ecosystems. Inputs of C (aboveground net primary productivity) are highly correlated to precipitation across the Great Plains region; however, changes in C pool size at a specific site are governed by the relative input and output rates across time. Our objective was to quantify the ecosystem C response of three grassland community types (shortgrass steppe, mixed grass and tallgrass prairie) to interannual variation in precipitation. At five sites across a precipitation gradient in the Great Plains, we measured net primary production (NPP), soil respiration (SRESP), and litter decomposition rates for three consecutive years. NPP, SRESP, and litter decomposition increased from shortgrass steppe (175, 454, and 47 g C m-2 yr-1) to tallgrass prairie (408, 1221, and 348 g C m-2 yr-1 for NPP, SRESP, and litter decomposition respectively). Increased growing season precipitation between study years resulted in increased NPP, SRESP, and litter decomposition at almost all sites. However, the regional patterns of the interannual NPP, SRESP, and lit
Data from: Genome-wide SNP identification and association mapping for seed mineral concentration in Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.)
<p><span><span>Mung bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i> L.) quality is dependent on seed chemical composition, which in turn determines the benefits of mung bean consumption for human health. While rich in a range of nutritional components, such as protein, macro- and micro- nutrients, carbohydrates and vitamins, mung bean remains less well studied than other legume crops. Mung bean genomics and genetic resources are relatively sparse. To further improve nutritional levels of mung bean grain requires genome-wide marker system tools. The objectives of this research were to develop these tools and conduct nutrient analysis in order to 1) identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) and to 2) perform genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for levels of calcium, iron, potassium, manganese, phosphorous, sulfur, and zinc in mung bean grain produced over two years of field experiment. A total of 112 GWAS models were explored using 6,486 high quality SNPs discovered in 92 cultivated mung bean accessions chosen from USDA core collection that represented 13 countries. The data obtained allowed for the identification of 43 associated SNPs and 20 main genomic regions that explained on average 22 % of the overall variation in seed macro- and micro- nutrients concentration on the basis of a multiple-year analysis. Most of the regions discovered in this study provide valuable candidate gene to use in future breeding of new varieties of mung bean with novel nutritional properties. Identification of the <a>underlying genes</a> will help to reveal the genetic control of mung bean seed nutritional property. Other SNPs identified in this study will serve as important resources to enable marker-assisted selection (MAS) in the species <i>V</i>. <i>radiata</i>, including wide and narrow crosses with / between cultivated and wild mung bean.</span></span></p>
Fragility fractures and bone mineral density in male patients affected by type 1 and type 2 myotonic dystrophy
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Myotonic dystrophy is a multisystemic disorder affecting skeletal muscle. Male patients have an increased risk of fractures and develop a number of endocrine/metabolic impairments known to adversely affect bone health. The aim of this study was primarily to determine the occurrence of fragility fractures and the bone mineralization status (lumbar spine, hip and total body by dual X-ray absorptiometry) in 36 male patients affected with type 1 myotonic dystrophy and 13 male patients affected with type 2 myotonic dystrophy. Fragility fractures occurred in 15 type 1 and 7 type 2 myotonic dystrophy in non-classical osteoporotic sites, such as metatarses. Hip osteopenia was the most frequent finding, particularly in type 2 (n = 6) than type 1 myotonic dystrophy patients (n = 1), while osteoporosis was rare. Patients with type 1 myotonic dystrophy presented higher total body bone mass density than patients with type 2 myotonic dystrophy and healthy controls and lumbar spine was associated positively with the severity of the disease. Gonadic failure, with low testosterone and reduced INSL3 levels, visceral adiposity and insulin resistance correlated with reduced body mass index in both type 1 and type 2 myotonic dystrophic patients. The independent determinant of fragility fractures were low total body mass index, low blood testosterone and low global muscle mass.</p>
Amphibalanus amphitrite begins exoskeleton mineralization within 48-hours of metamorphosis
<p>Barnacles are ancient arthropods that, as adults, are surrounded by a hard, mineralized, outer shell that the organism produces for protection. While extensive research has been conducted on the glue-like cement that barnacles use to adhere to a surfaces, less is known about the barnacle exoskeleton, especially the process by which the barnacle exoskeleton is formed. Here we present data exploring the changes that occur as the barnacle cyprid undergoes metamorphosis to become a sessile juvenile with a mineralized exoskeleton. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) data show dramatic morphological changes in the barnacle exoskeleton following metamorphosis. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) indicates a small amount of calcium (8%) 1-hour post-metamorphosis that steadily increases to 28% by 2-days following metamorphosis. Raman spectroscopy indicates calcite in the exoskeleton of a barnacle 2-days following metamorphosis and no detectable calcium carbonate in exoskeletons up to 3-hours post-metamorphosis. Confocal microscopy indicates during this 2-day period, barnacle base plate area and height increases rapidly (0.001 mm<sup>2</sup>/hr and 0.30 µm/hr, respectively). These results provide critical information into the early life stages of the barnacle, which will be important for developing an understanding of how ocean acidification might impact the calcification process of the barnacle exoskeleton.</p>
FIGURE 13 in First report of the poplar leaf miner, Phyllonorycter populifoliella (Treitschke) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) from India
FIGURE 13. The COI neighbor-joining consensus tree showing relation of Indian specimens of Phyllonorycter populifoliella to those originating from other countries/regions in the Palearctic. Each specimen is identified by its process ID code, species name, accession number (BOLD and/or GenBank), and the country of origin (the region is indicated for India and Russia only). Branch lengths reflect the proportion to the number of substitutions per site. The bootstrap values ±70 are shown. The specimen from Russia indicated in red is the nearest neighbor to the Indian cluster.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.