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Fig. 9 in Phylogeny, classification and taxonomy of European dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata): a review

Fig. 9 Phylogeny of Sympetrum, based on Pilgrim (2006, 2012) and Pilgrim and von Dohlen (2008). Norwegian S. nigrescens and Himalayan S. commixtum are included with S. striolatum following Pilgrim and von Dohlen (2007); Japanese S. frequens with S. depressiusculum following Sawabe et al. (2004). Monophyletic non-European groups not given in detail; three larger groups are detailed on right. The taxa occur in the Eastern Palaearctic and adjacent Oriental Region (EP), Nearctic (NA), Neotropics (NT), entire Palaearctic (PA), Palaeotropics (PT) or Western Palaearctic (WP). Bold species occur in Europe; species classified in subgenus Tarnetrum (* type species) are indicated

Fig. 7 in Phylogeny, classification and taxonomy of European dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata): a review

Fig. 7 Phylogeny of Libellula (sensu lato), based on molecular data (a, after Artiss et al. 2001; Kambhampati and Charlton 1999) and morphology (b, after Carle and Kjer 2002). B. (Belonia), Eu. (Eurothemis), La. (Ladona), Li. (Libellula sensu stricto) and N. (Neotetrum) are

Fig. 4 in Phylogeny, classification and taxonomy of European dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata): a review

Fig. 4 Inferred phylogeny of global families (a; line thickness is indicative of species diversity; European taxa in bold font) and European genera of Anisoptera (b; see Fig. 6 for details of Libellulidae), based principally on Bybee et al. (2008), as well as Fleck et al. (2008b),

Fig. 3 in Phylogeny, classification and taxonomy of European dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata): a review

Fig. 3 Inferred phylogeny of Ischnura (I.), Enallagma (E.) and associated genera based on preliminary genetic data (Chippindale et al. 1999; Turgeon et al. 2005; Hovmöller 2006; Dumont et al. 2009). Unresolved potentially paraphyletic groups are indicated with broad lines, and known numbers of species in each group are given. The taxa occur in the Nearctic (NA), Neotropics (NT), Palaearctic (PA and bold font) or Palaeotropics (PT). Sampling is very incomplete in Ischnura and the presented hypothesis is therefore tentative. The relationships of numerous (especially Neotropical) ischnurines are unknown, although Hovmöller (2006) found his selection to form the sister group of the assemblage presented here

opennotspecifiedAug 2012View details →

Fig. 1 in Using dragonflies to monitor and prioritize lotic systems: a South African perspective

Fig. 1 Plot of South Africa Scoring System (SASS)5 scores as a function of Average Score Per Taxon (ASPT). Ecological categories (A–E/F) are explained in Table 1, and SASS5 and ASPT scores are given in Table 2

Fig. 1 in Phylogeny, classification and taxonomy of European dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata): a review

Fig. 1 Inferred phylogeny of global families (a, line thickness is indicative of species diversity, European taxa in bold font) and European genera of Zygoptera (b), based on Bybee et al. (2008), Carle et al. (2008), Dumont et al. (2009) and other sources cited in the text. These

Fig. 2 in Phylogeny, classification and taxonomy of European dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata): a review

Fig. 2 Phylogeny of European Lestidae, based on molecular data (Dumont et al. 2009; Gyulavári et al. 2011), S. paedisca is placed by default, being the only other European Sympecma species. C. (Chalcolestes), L. (Lestes) and S. (Sympecma) are abbreviations of genera

Fig. 5 in Phylogeny, classification and taxonomy of European dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata): a review

Fig. 5 Phylogeny of Aeshna, Anax and associated genera based on morphology (after von Ellenrieder 2002, 2003). Only bold genera were recognised before the 1990s, the remainder of species being retained in Aeshna (sensu lato). Unresolved paraphyletic groups are indicated with broad lines, and approximate numbers of species in each group are given. The taxa occur in the Afrotropics (AT), Australia (AU), Nearctic (NA), Neotropics (NT), Palaearctic (PA) or Palaeotropics (PT)

FIGURES 1–9 in Neocordulia maurocostai sp. nov. (Odonata, Anisoptera: Oxygastridae), a new species of Emerald dragonfly from western Pantepui region, Venezuela

FIGURES 1–9. Neocordulia maurocostai sp.n. (1) holotype, (2) left wing pair of paratype; (3) anal appendages of holotype, dorsal view; (4) same, lateral view; (5) S2 showing secondary genitalia of holotype, right lateral view; (6) same, ventral view; (7) vesica spermalis of paratype, right lateral view; (8) same, ventral view; (9) sternum S8 of holotype, ventral view.

opennotspecifiedMar 2016View details →

FIGURE 3. A in How to date a dragonfly: Fossil calibrations for odonates

FIGURE 3. A cladogram of Odonata (adapted from Carle et al., 2015) showing the phylogenetic relationships among Anisopteran families. The species highlighted in blue are the crown group fossils discussed in this manuscript. Node numbers are listed in the order in which they are discussed in the manuscript. Node ages indicate the minimum age of the crown fossil used. The question mark indicates weak support for the node Petaluridae + Gomphidae (see Carle et al., 2015 for more details). Extinct species are indicated by a dagger. Note: nodes 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, and 10 are drawn for simplicity, but these fossil taxa may be nested deep within the family to which they are assigned. The fossils shown in the tree are not sister to the rest of the members of the family.

opennotspecifiedMar 2016View details →

FIGURE 1 in How to date a dragonfly: Fossil calibrations for odonates

FIGURE 1. Wing venation of Anisoptera (after Bechly et al., 2001) (details for the abbreviations in Appendix 1).

opennotspecifiedMar 2016View details →

FIGURE 2 in How to date a dragonfly: Fossil calibrations for odonates

FIGURE 2. Wing venation of Liassophlebia sp., specimen TUClP In 192, from the Liassic alpha of Pechgraben in Germany (Bechly, 1999) (Scale equals 10 mm)

FIGURE 2 in A new, to date endemic, family of dragonfly in the mid-Cretaceous fossil fish Konservat-Lagerstätte of Haqel, Lebanon (Odonata: Anisoptera)

FIGURE 2. Mid-Cretaceous fossil fish Konservat-Lagerstätte of Haqel, Lebanon. A, Geological map of outcrop (modified from Dubertret, 1945; Dubertret & Wetzel, 1945). J6 = uppermost Jurassic; C2a = lower Barremian 'Grès du Liban' sandstone; C2b = Barremian clay and oolitic deposition of upper part of 'Grès du Liban' and oolitic deposition of lower part of Jezzinian; C3 = micritic part of Jezzinian (uppermost Barremian-lowermost Aptian); C4 = Albian; C5 = Cenomanian; Q = Quaternary scree; βJ6 = Kimmeridgian volcanic deposition; βC3 = Jezzinian volcanic deposition. Thick lines represent faults. Scale bar = 1 km. B, General view of outcrop. C & D, Details of stratigraphic layers of outcrop.

FIGURE 3 in A new, to date endemic, family of dragonfly in the mid-Cretaceous fossil fish Konservat-Lagerstätte of Haqel, Lebanon (Odonata: Anisoptera)

FIGURE 3. Lebanoaeshna mikhaeli gen et sp. nov., Holotype I-26247/1A and B, part and counterpart. A, Counterpart, specimen I-26247/1B. B, Part, specimen I-26247/1A. C, Drawing of the specimen I-26247/1A completed by parts preserved on specimen I-26247/1B.

FIGURE 1 in A new, to date endemic, family of dragonfly in the mid-Cretaceous fossil fish Konservat-Lagerstätte of Haqel, Lebanon (Odonata: Anisoptera)

FIGURE 1. Palaeogeography map of Lebanon and Levantine area during late Cenomanian. Map redrawn and adapted from Philip & Floquet (2000) and Barrier & Vrielynck (2008) and Scotese (2014).

opennotspecifiedMar 2021View details →

Figure 3 in The role of artificial ponds in maintaining dragonfly populations in an intensified farmland landscape. A case of study in Zamora, Spain

Figure 3. MDS two-dimensional plot (stress = 0.17) representing the samples of the four systems (Bray-Curtis index, square-root transformed abundances).

opennotspecifiedMar 2021View details →

Figure 2 in The role of artificial ponds in maintaining dragonfly populations in an intensified farmland landscape. A case of study in Zamora, Spain

Figure 2. Estimated mean ± SE of dragonfly (A) richness, (B) abundance, and (C) Shannon's index values for each system (pond, reservoir, stream, and river).

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Data for: Sex-specific ornament evolution is a consistent feature of climatic adaptation across space and time in dragonflies

Adaptation to different climates fuels the origins and maintenance of biodiversity. Detailing how organisms optimize fitness for their local climate is therefore an essential goal in biology. Although we increasingly understand how survival-related traits evolve as organisms adapt to climatic conditions, it is unclear if organisms also optimize traits that coordinate mating between the sexes. Here, we show that dragonflies consistently adapt to warmer climates across space and time by evolving less male melanin ornamentation—a mating-related trait that also absorbs solar radiation and heats individuals above ambient temperatures. Continent-wide macroevolutionary analyses reveal that species inhabiting warmer climates evolve less male ornamentation. Community-science observations across ten species indicate that populations adapt to warmer parts of species' ranges through microevolution of smaller male ornaments. Observations from 2005-2019 detail that contemporary selective pressures oppose male ornaments in warmer years; and our climate-warming projections predict further decreases by 2070. Conversely, our analyses show that female ornamentation responds idiosyncratically to temperature across space and time, indicating the sexes evolve in different ways to meet the demands of the local climate. Overall, these macro- and microevolutionary findings demonstrate that organisms predictably optimize their mating-related traits for the climate just as they do their survival-related traits.

opencc-zeroJun 2021View details →

opennotspecifiedMar 2013View details →

Figure 1 in A new damsel-dragonfly from the Mesozoic of China with a hook-like male anal angle (Odonata: Isophlebioptera: Campterophlebiidae)

Figure 1. Angustiphlebia mirabilis gen. nov. et sp. nov. (A) Photograph of holotype specimen CNU-ODO-NN2011016, part only; (B) photograph of forewing; (C) line drawing of forewing, part and counterpart combined; (D) photograph of hind wing; (E) drawing of hind wing. Scale bars represent 10 mm.