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6,170 results for “european”
Difference in effect of pheromone for monitoring the European spruce bark beetle
<p>In recent decades there have been an increasing number of outbreaks of the European spruce bark beetle (<i>Ips typographus</i>) in Europe. A large amount of sanitary felling has taken place, with significant economic and ecological consequences. In order to anticipate such large-scale outbreaks, an effective monitoring system should be set up. One important aspect of monitoring is the decision on which pheromone to use. We suggest a framework for selecting an effective pheromone with few side effects and implemented it on five different pheromones under different disturbance conditions: Pheroprax, IT Ecolure, Ipstyp, Ipsowit and Typosan. We set 50 traps in two areas with sites that were disturbed and undisturbed by wind storms. We collected bark beetles from traps every one to two weeks from the end of March until the end of September in 2019. We investigated the number of bark beetles caught, bark beetle dynamics, amount of bycatch and predators, the taxonomic groups of the bycatch and the overall costs of the monitoring system. We found that Pheroprax, IT Ecolure and Ipsowit caught the most bark beetles and best showed the population dynamics. There was a low amount of bycatch (less than 6% of the total catch) and predators (a few individuals), but some groups seem to prefer certain pheromones. The cost of the pheromones increased with their effectiveness. However, pheromone costs are low relative to the personnel costs involved in setting traps and collecting bark beetles. The framework and the results will help professionals to decide which pheromones to purchase for their bark beetle monitoring system.</p>
Data from: Nitrogen acquisition of Central European herbaceous plants that differ in their global naturalization success
<p>It is frequently assumed that species capable of fast nitrogen (N) acquisition under different N-availability conditions should have a higher establishment success after their introduction into new regions. However, few experimental studies have explicitly tested this. Our multispecies experiment tested whether global naturalization success of plant species native to Central Europe is related to a high N-acquisition ability.</p> <p>We selected 41 common herbaceous species native to Germany that have all become naturalized, and thus been introduced, elsewhere. Twenty-two of these species are widely naturalized and 19 are less widely naturalized. We grew the 41 grassland species, sampled in Germany, under low and high N conditions in a greenhouse experiment, and assessed their N-acquisition abilities.</p> <p>Although the widely naturalized species grew faster on average, they had a significantly lower N-uptake rate than the less widely naturalized ones. The widely naturalized species, however, had a marginally significantly higher root-mass fraction. Despite these differences, the total plant N-content did on average not differ between the two groups of species. However, N addition tended to increase the total plant N-content more for the widely naturalized species than for the less widely naturalized species. Nitrogen addition also increased biomass production and N-uptake rate, and decreased the root-mass fraction of plants, but these responses did not differ between widely and less widely naturalized species.</p> <p>We conclude that although fast-growing species tend to have a higher global naturalization success than slow-growing species, the naturalization success of plants is not necessarily related to a high N-acquisition ability.</p>
Combining Analytical Modeling, Realistic Simulation and Real Experimentation for the Optimization of Monte-Carlo Applications on the European Grid Infrastructure
<p>Data and scripts used to generate figures presented in the paper "Combining Analytical Modeling, Realistic Simulation and Real Experimentation for the Optimization of Monte-Carlo Applications on the European Grid Infrastructure" submitted to the Future Generation Computer Systems Journal.</p>
Supplementary Information S1 - Detailed results of the CAPRI N-LCA and S2 - Quantification of the main N budget flows in the EU25 agriculture sector of Leip, A., Billen, G., Garnier, J., Grizzetti, B., Lassaletta, L., Reis, S., Simpson, D., Sutton, M. a, de Vries, W., Weiss, F., Westhoek, H. (2015). Impacts of European livestock production: nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and greenhouse gas emissions, land-use, water eutrophication and biodiversity. Environ. Res. Lett. 10, 115004. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/10/11/115004
<p>Table S1-1 Quantification of GHG and Nr flow intensities [kg CO2eq (kg product)<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>] or [g N (kg product)<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>] with the CAPRI N-LCA model for six main livestock products (BEEF: beef, PORK: pork, EGGS: eggs, POUM: poultry meat; DAIR: milk and dairy products, SGMP: meat from sheep and goats) and six main vegetable food groups (POTA: potatoes, SUGB: sugar beet before processing, OILP: oil seeds before processing; CERR: cereals, LEGU: leguminous crops) as well as other crops (OCRP) and aggregated livestock (ANIMP) and vegetable (CROPP) food. </p> <p>Table S2-1 Quantification of the main N budget flows in the EU25 agriculture sector</p>
FIGURE 61 – 66 in A new widespread European bee species of the genus Dasypoda Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)
FIGURE 61 – 66. Dasypoda morawitzi sp. nov. male genitalia: 61. Base of gonostylus; 62, 64, 65. Genitalia; 63. Upper part of gonostylus; 66. Hairs on the inner process of gonostylus; (61 – 63 — ventral, 64 — oblique latero-dorsal, 65 — lateral view).
FIGURE 30 – 40 in A new widespread European bee species of the genus Dasypoda Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)
FIGURE 30 – 40. Structure of body. 30 – 37. Dasypoda morawitzi sp. nov.: 30. Malar area (scale = 0.5 mm); 31. Pygidial plate (scale = 0.2 mm); 32 – 34. Hind tibia (scale = 1 mm); 35. Sternum 6; 36. Sternum 7; 37. Sternum 8; 38 – 40. D. hirtipes: 38. Sternum 6; 39. Sternum 7; 40. Sternum 8; (35 – 40 — dorsal view; scale = 0.5 mm); (30 – 31 — female; 32 – 40 — male).
FIGURE 1 – 8 in A new widespread European bee species of the genus Dasypoda Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)
FIGURE 1 – 8. Females of Dasypoda morawitzi sp. nov. Two different forms of color pubescence (left—the female from the Kiev region; right—from the Kherson region of Ukraine): 1, 2. Female in dorsal view (scale = 5 mm); 3, 4. Female in lateral view (scale = 5 mm); 5, 6. Head in frontal view (scale = 1 mm); 7, 8. Metasoma in ventral view (scale = 2 mm).
FIGURE 49 – 60 in A new widespread European bee species of the genus Dasypoda Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)
FIGURE 49 – 60. Structure of male genitalia: 49 – 51. Dasypoda morawitzi sp. nov.; 52 – 54. D. albipila; 55 – 58. D. hirtipes; 59 – 60. D. sinuata; (49, 52, 55 — dorsal view; 50, 53, 56 — dorso-ventral view; 51, 57, 59 — base of gonostylus in lateral view; 54 — base of gonostylus in latero-ventral view; 58, 60 — base of gonostylus in ventral view).
FIGURE 41 – 48 in A new widespread European bee species of the genus Dasypoda Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)
FIGURE 41 – 48. Structure of male sterna and genitalia: 41 – 42. Sternum 8 (ventral view; scale = 0.5 mm); 43 – 44. Apex of sternum 8 (ventral view; scale = 0.1 mm); 45 – 48. Genitalia (45 – 46 — dorsal, 47 – 48 — ventral view; scale = 0.5 mm);. (41, 43, 45, 47 — Dasypoda morawitzi sp. nov.; 42, 44, 46, 48 — D. hirtipes).
Overcoming the Dichotomy: New Insights into the Genomic Diversity of Open and Isolated European Populations
<p>The dataset includes autosomal data of 227 individuals of 9 Italian populations (Aosta, Benetutti, Carloforte, Lessinia Cimbrians, North Sardinia, Sappada, Sauris, Sulcis Iglesiente and Timau) genotyper with the GenoChip 2.0.</p>
Figure 9. from: Data sharing tools adopted by the European Biodiversity Observation Network Project - Research Ideas and Outcomes 2: e9390 (31 May 2016) https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.2.e9390
Figure 9. - Information flows between EU BON and LTER Europe, as envisaged on the 3rd EU BON Stakeholder Roundtable in Granada on 9-11 December 2015.
Figure 8. from: Data sharing tools adopted by the European Biodiversity Observation Network Project - Research Ideas and Outcomes 2: e9390 (31 May 2016) https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.2.e9390
Figure 8. - The patchiness of survey coverage in Europe illustrated by the distribution map of Plantago lanceolata taken from GBIF in 2016. This species is one of the commonest and most widespread in Europe, it should occur in almost all areas of this map, but in fact the data traces out the borders of countries and area who have published data on GBIF.
Figure 6. from: Data sharing tools adopted by the European Biodiversity Observation Network Project - Research Ideas and Outcomes 2: e9390 (31 May 2016) https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.2.e9390
Figure 6. - Individual Metacat instances can be connected to DataOne which replicates public files. Thus the data is still available if a single instance goes offline.https://search.dataone.org/#data/page/0
Figure 5. from: Data sharing tools adopted by the European Biodiversity Observation Network Project - Research Ideas and Outcomes 2: e9390 (31 May 2016) https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.2.e9390
Figure 5. - PPBio has installed a Metacat instance for their researchers to upload and make publicly available the results of work related to biodiversity in the Western Amazon.https://ppbiodata.inpa.gov.br/metacatui/
Figure 4. from: Data sharing tools adopted by the European Biodiversity Observation Network Project - Research Ideas and Outcomes 2: e9390 (31 May 2016) https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.2.e9390
Figure 4. - The public data repository provided by the Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity (KNB).https://knb.ecoinformatics.org/#data/page/0
Figure 3. from: Data sharing tools adopted by the European Biodiversity Observation Network Project - Research Ideas and Outcomes 2: e9390 (31 May 2016) https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.2.e9390
Figure 3. - The implementation of Darwin Core Archive in Plazi to transfer treatment data. Observation data described with Darwin Core terms.
Figure 1. from: Data sharing tools adopted by the European Biodiversity Observation Network Project - Research Ideas and Outcomes 2: e9390 (31 May 2016) https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.2.e9390
Figure 1. - ARPHA consists of two integrated workflows: in ARPHA-XML, the manuscript is written and processed via the ARPHA Writing Tool, and in ARPHA-DOC, the manuscript is submitted and processed as document file(s).
Integrative spatial omics reveals distinct tumor-promoting multicellular niches and immunosuppressive mechanisms in African American and European American patients with TNBC (Spatial Transcriptomic 10X Visium portion)
<p>Racial disparities in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) outcomes have been reported. However, the biological mechanisms underlying these disparities remain unclear. We integrated imaging mass cytometry and spatial transcriptomics, to characterize the tumor microenvironment (TME) of African American (AA) and European American (EA) patients with TNBC. The TME in AA patients was characterized by interactions between endothelial cells, macrophages, and mesenchymal-like cells, which were associated with poor patient survival. In contrast, the EA TNBC-associated niche is enriched in T-cells and neutrophils suggestive of an exhaustion and suppression of otherwise active T cell responses. Ligand-receptor and pathway analyses of race-associated niches found AA TNBC to be “immune cold” and hence immunotherapy resistant tumors, and EA TNBC as ‘inflamed’ tumors that evolved a distinctive immunosuppressive mechanism. Our study revealed the presence of racially distinct tumor-promoting and immunosuppressive microenvironments in AA and EA patients with TNBC, which may explain the poor clinical outcomes.</p> <p> </p> <p>This dataset contains the 10X Visium Spatial Transcriptomic data of TNBC patients. There are two cohorts.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Baylor Scott and White (BSW) cohort</strong>: <strong>10x.visium.tar.gz</strong>, containing 10 patients with TNBC from Baylor Scott and White affiliated Hospital. </p> <p>Each sample is made of Space Ranger processed spot-separated gene expression data (processed to HDF5 AnnData file). There are also H&E images, and spot coordinate files available. </p> <p> </p> <p>For <strong>Georgia validation cohort</strong>, 400 genes used for validation of ESG signatures (associated with BA-Community 1 and WA-Community-1) were obtained and provided by Ritu Aneja's lab. These 400 genes' spot-based expression data across Black and White TNBC patients are provided. See file <strong>georgia.validation.visium.tar.gz</strong>. Expression was normalized by total counts per spot, followed by log-normalization by Giotto.</p> <p> </p> <p>As well in our paper, we integrated a published racial TNBC cohort for deriving some of initial results in the paper. This refers to the Bassiouni et al (Cancer Research) paper in Carpten's group. <strong>GSM_giotto_processed.tar.gz</strong> refers to this dataset, which we deposit here. The data were normalized by Giotto using standard procedure.</p>
European database of processing factors for pesticides residues in food
<p>EFSA is regularly evaluating pesticide occurrence data in food generated under the official monitoring programs of Member States with respect to consumer exposure and risk assessment. Most of these data refer to raw commodities (RAC) because maximum residue levels established under European legislation reflect pesticide residues only in the RAC. However, food processing operations can have decisive effects on pesticide residue levels and therefore consumer exposure. This database has been developed to compile validated processing factors for pesticide residues in food in line with the EFSA food classification and description system (FoodEx2).</p> <p>This update fixes a problem that caused some median processing factors to display a "<" qualifier when it was not necessary. The calculated values for the processing factors were not affected by this error and remain unchanged from the previous release</p> <p>The database is complemented by the following publications:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6564213">Background Document on the EU Database of Processing Factors for Pesticide Residues</a></li> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6564207">Compendium of Representative Processing Techniques Investigated in Regulatory Studies for Pesticides</a></li> <li><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6564209">Linking Processed Foods and Processing Techniques to the FoodEx2 Coding System</a></li> </ul>
EARLS: European aggregated reconstruction for large-sample studies
<p>EARLS is an openly available pan-European runoff–reconstruction dataset.</p> <p>As of now it is structured in the following way: </p> <div> <ul> <li>The `<em>coordinates.csv`</em> file contains basin outlet information with 4 columns: basin id (idx), type, and estimated latitude (lat) and longitude (lon) of the outlet.</li> <li>The `<em>license.md`</em> file contains information about the licensing.</li> <li>The `<em>shapefile` </em>folder includes a shapefile with all basin boundaries (see: <a href="https://www.hydrosheds.org/products/hydrobasins">HydroBASINS</a>).</li> <li>The `<em>reconstructions`</em> folder contains CSV files. Each file is named after the basin id and has at least two columns: date and simulation. The simulations are given in mm. Additional columns can be used to provide more information. For the current EARLS we added two additional columns that provide the remaining parameters for the uncertainty estimation.</li> <li>The `<em>model-card`</em> folder contains 2 files: `<em>model-card.html`</em>, and `<em>earls-crest.png`</em>. The html document includes the png as logo and renders a model card. A <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.03993">model card </a>is a short summary of the model genesis, designed to increase transparency by communicating information about trained models to broad audiences. We include all three files in the dataset so that future extensions can adapt them with maximal ease. We will also host the markdown files on the main home so that the permanent identifier within the model card can be used to access the data from there.</li> <li>Additional data/folders are optional, but can be used to provide background information. For instance, the EARLS contains an `<em>inputs`</em> folder, which comprises the basin-aggregated dynamic and static inputs: <br> <ul> <li>For the dynamic inputs (derived from <a href="https://www.ecad.eu/download/ensembles/download.php">E-OBS</a>) we use precipitation in mm per day, daily minimum/maximum/average temperature in °C.</li> <li>For the static inputs (derived form <a href="https://www.hydrosheds.org/hydroatlas">HydroATLAS</a>) we use basin area in square kilometers, average elevation in meter, average slopes in degrees, average stream gradient in decimeter per kilometer, average long-term air temperature in degrees Celsius, minimum long-term air temperature in °C, maximum long-term air temperature in °C, a global aridity index, a global climate moisture index, average fraction of sand in %, average fraction of clay in %, average fraction of silt in %, and average organic carbon content in tons per hectar.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h2>Changelog</h2> <p><strong>v0.3</strong></p> <ul> <li>Introduced a changelog. yay. </li> <li>Little corrections (spelling mistakes etc.) and nicer formatting in the technical data description. </li> <li>Corrected streamflow and variance normalization from hours to daily (affected versions: v0.0 and v.0.2; thanks to Corinna Frank).</li> <li>Corrected technical description of the area from m2 to km2 (thanks to Corrina Frank).</li> <li>Introduced an example data-file with a single basin (thanks to Juliane Mai).</li> </ul> </div>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.