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Fig. 18 in Freshwater Shrimps from Karst Caves of Southern China, with Descriptions of Seven New Species and the Identity of Typhlocaridina linyunensis Li and Luo, 2001 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)

Fig. 18. Caridina laticarpalis sp. nov. (A, B) cephalothorax and cephalic appendages, lateral view, (C) first pereiopod, (D) second pereiopod, (E) distal portion of telson. Scale bars: A-D = 1.0 mm; E = 0.2 mm. (A, C-E, female, cl 5.4 mm, paratype, ZRC 2018.0486; B, female, cl 4.8 mm, paratype, ZRC 2018.0486).

Fig. 12 in Freshwater Shrimps from Karst Caves of Southern China, with Descriptions of Seven New Species and the Identity of Typhlocaridina linyunensis Li and Luo, 2001 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)

Fig. 12. Caridina beiliu sp. nov. (A) telson, (B) distal portion of telson, (C) scaphocerite, (D, E, F) endopod of male first pleopod, (G) appendix masculina and appendix interna of male second pleopod. Scale bars: A, C = 1.0 mm, B, D-F = 0.2 mm. (A-D, G. male, cl 6.2 mm, paratype, ZRC 2018.0483; E. F., male, cl 4.8 mm, paratype, RMNH.CRUS.D.57291).

Fig. 14 in Freshwater Shrimps from Karst Caves of Southern China, with Descriptions of Seven New Species and the Identity of Typhlocaridina linyunensis Li and Luo, 2001 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)

Fig. 14. Caridina guilin sp. nov. (A) cephalothorax and cephalic appendages, lateral view, (B) distal portion of telson, (C) mandible, (D) maxilla, (E) first maxilliped, (F) third maxilliped, (G) first pereiopod, (H) second pereiopod, (I) third pereiopod, (J) dactylus of third pereiopod, (K) fifth pereiopod, (L) dactylus of fifth pereiopod. Scale bars: A = 2.0 mm; B, J = 0.2 mm; C-F, M = 1.0 mm; G-I, L = 0.1 mm; K = 0.5 mm. (female, cl 6.5 mm, holotype, IZCAS DE 5039).

Fig. 17 in Freshwater Shrimps from Karst Caves of Southern China, with Descriptions of Seven New Species and the Identity of Typhlocaridina linyunensis Li and Luo, 2001 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)

Fig. 17. Caridina laticarpalis sp. nov. (A) first pereiopod, (B) second pereiopod, (C) third pereiopod, (D) dactylus of third pereiopod, (E) fifth pereiopod, (F) dactylus of fifth pereiopod, (G) male first pleopod, (H) endopod of male first pleopod, (I) appendix masculina and appendix interna of male second pleopod. Scale bars: A-C, E = 1.0; D, F, H-J = 0.2 mm; G = 0.5 mm. (male, cl 4.3 mm, holotype, IZCAS DE 5040).

Fig. 15 in Freshwater Shrimps from Karst Caves of Southern China, with Descriptions of Seven New Species and the Identity of Typhlocaridina linyunensis Li and Luo, 2001 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)

Fig. 15. Caridina guilin sp. nov. (A) cephalothorax and cephalic appendages, lateral view, (B) distal portion of telson, (C) first pereiopod, (D) second pereiopod, (E) third pereiopod, (F) endopod of male first pleopod, (G) appendix masculina and appendix interna of male second pleopod, (H) uropodal diaeresis, (I) dactylus of third pereiopod. Scale bars: A, C-E = 1.0 mm; B, F-I = 0.2 mm. (male, cl 4.3 mm, paratype, ZRC 2018.0485).

Fig. 13 in Freshwater Shrimps from Karst Caves of Southern China, with Descriptions of Seven New Species and the Identity of Typhlocaridina linyunensis Li and Luo, 2001 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)

Fig. 13. Caridina jiangkou sp. nov., (A) cephalothorax and cephalic appendages, lateral view, (B) distal portion of telson, (C) third maxilliped, (D) first pereiopod, (E) second pereiopod, (F) third pereiopod, (G) dactylus of third pereiopod, (H) fifth pereiopod, (I) dactylus of fifth pereiopod, (J) endopod of male first pleopod, (K) appendix masculina and appendix interna of male second pleopod, (L) uropodal diaeresis, M, posterior spine of telson. Scale bars: A, C-J = 1.0 mm; B = 0.2 mm; K = 0.1 mm. (male, cl 4.7 mm, paratype, ZRC 2018.0484).

Fig. 20 in Freshwater Shrimps from Karst Caves of Southern China, with Descriptions of Seven New Species and the Identity of Typhlocaridina linyunensis Li and Luo, 2001 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)

Fig. 20. Caridina aff. heterodactyla Liang and Yan, 1985. (A) antennular peduncle, (B) scaphocerite, (C) third maxilliped, (D) first pereiopod, (E) second pereiopod, (F) third pereiopod, (G) dactylus of third pereiopod, (H) fifth pereiopod. Scale bars: A-F, H = 1.0 mm; G = 0.3 mm. (ovigerous female, cl 7.5 mm, ZRC).

opennotspecifiedAug 2019View details →

TABLE 1 in Caridina malanda, a new species of freshwater shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda Atyidae) from the Wet Tropics World Heritage area, north-eastern Queensland Australia

TABLE 1. Specimen information of Caridina included in molecular analyses, with relevant GenBank accession numbers. All sequences are new to this paper unless otherwise specified; * = de Mazancourt et al. (2019), # = Page et al. (2007). Reg. No. = registration number for specimen deposited with the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France.<table><tbody><tr><th>Species</th><th>Site (Catchment)</th><th>Reg. No.</th><th>Spec. No.</th><th>COI</th><th>16S</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>C. malanda</th><td>Site 30, Ithaca River</td><td>MNHN-IU-2014-</td><td>CA1735</td><td>MK883793</td><td>MK880178</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(Johnstone)</td><td>20766</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>C. malanda</th><td>Site 30, Ithaca River</td><td>MNHN-IU-2014-</td><td>CA1736</td><td>MK190071 *</td><td>MK189911 *</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(Johnstone)</td><td>20767</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>C. malanda</th><td>Site 23, Short Creek</td><td>MNHN-IU-2014-</td><td>CA1737</td><td>MK190072 *</td><td>MK189912 *</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(Johnstone)</td><td>20768</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>C. malanda</th><td>Site 23, Short Creek</td><td>MNHN-IU-2014-</td><td>CA1738</td><td>MK883796</td><td>MK880181</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(Johnstone)</td><td>20769</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>C. malanda</th><td>Site 22, Brodie Creek</td><td>MNHN-IU-2014-</td><td>CA1739</td><td>MK883797</td><td>MK880182</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(Johnstone)</td><td>20770</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>C. malanda</th><td>Site 22, Brodie Creek</td><td>MNHN-IU-2014-</td><td>CA1740</td><td>MK883798</td><td>MK880183</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(Johnstone)</td><td>20771</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>C. malanda</th><td>Site 24, Malanda Creek</td><td>MNHN-IU-2014-</td><td>CA1741</td><td>MK883799</td><td>MK880184</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(Johnstone)</td><td>20772</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>C. malanda</th><td>Site 24, Malanda Creek</td><td>MNHN-IU-2014-</td><td>CA1742</td><td>MK883800</td><td>MK880185</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(Johnstone)</td><td>20773</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>C. malanda</th><td>Site 20, Barney Springs</td><td>MNHN-IU-2014-</td><td>CA1749</td><td>MK883801</td><td>MK880186</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(Barron)</td><td>20774</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>C. malanda</th><td>Site 20, Barney Springs</td><td>MNHN-IU-2014-</td><td>CA1750</td><td>Mk883802</td><td>MK880187</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(Barron)</td><td>20775</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>C. zebra</th><td>Tributary of Tully River</td><td>MNHN-IU-2014-</td><td>CA1731</td><td>MK190069 *</td><td>MK189909 *</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(Tully)</td><td>20776</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>C. confusa</th><td>Thiara Creek</td><td>MNHN-IU-2014-</td><td>CA1727</td><td>MK190067 *</td><td>MK189907 *</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(Johnstone)</td><td>20777</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>C. spinula</th><td>McIlwraith Range</td><td>-</td><td>GUCCI1</td><td>-</td><td>DQ478527 #</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(Lockhart)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>C. typus</th><td>New Caledonia</td><td>MNHN-IU-2014-</td><td>CA1568</td><td>MK190052 *</td><td>MK189893 *</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>20778</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

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Data from: A field test of a model for the stability of androdioecy in the freshwater shrimp, Eulimnadia texana

The evolution of hermaphroditism from dioecy is a poorly studied transition. Androdioecy (the coexistence of males and hermaphrodites) has been suggested as an intermediate step in this evolutionary transition or could be a stable reproductive mode. Freshwater crustaceans in the genus Eulimnadia have reproduced via androdioecy for 24+ million years and thus are excellent organisms to test models of the stability of androdioecy. Two related models that allow for the stable maintenance of males and hermaphrodites rely on the counterbalancing of three life history parameters. We tested these models in the field over three field seasons and compared the results to previous laboratory estimates of these three parameters. Male and hermaphroditic ratios within years were not well predicted using either the simpler original model or a version of this model updated to account for differences between hermaphroditic types ('monogenic' and 'amphigenic' hermaphrodites). Using parameter estimates of the previous year to predict the next year's sex ratios revealed a much better fit to the original relative to the updated version of the model. Therefore, counter to expectations, accounting for differences between the two hermaphroditic types did not improve the fit of these models. At the moment, we lack strong evidence that the long-term maintenance of androdioecy in these crustaceans is the result of a balancing of life history parameters; other factors, such as metapopulation dynamics or evolutionary constraints, may better explain the 24+ million year maintenance of androdioecy in clam shrimp.

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FIGURE 1 in Caridina longiacuta, a new species of freshwater atyid shrimp (Decapoda, Atyidae) from Hunan Province, China

FIGURE 1. Caridina longiacuta sp. nov. a. cephalothorax, holotype, male, cl 5.6 mm (FSTC, 92 0801), b. antennular peduncle, c. scaphognathite, d. third maxilliped, e. first pereiopod, f. second pereiopod, g. third pereiopod, h. dactylus of third pereiopod, i. fifth pereiopod, j. dactylus of fifth pereiopod, k. male first pleopod, m. male first pleopod, n. male second pleopod, o. posterior portion of telson. bk, n, o: paratype, male, cl 5.2 mm (FSTC, 920802); m. paratype, male, cl 5.0 mm (FSTC, 920803). Scale bars indicate 1.0 mm (a, e); 0.5 mm (bd, f, g, i); 0.4 mm (m); 0.3mm (h, j, k, n, o).

FIGURE 7. A, B in Description of one new species of freshwater shrimp of the genus Caridina (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from two karst caves of Northern Vietnam

FIGURE 7. A, B, the entrance of the two caves in Bac Kan Province where we collected Caridina namdat sp. nov.

FIGURE 6. A, B in Description of one new species of freshwater shrimp of the genus Caridina (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from two karst caves of Northern Vietnam

FIGURE 6. A, B, Habitats of Caridina namdat sp. nov. in Bac Kan Province. C, two shrimps in the cave (IEBR-FS 006).

FIGURE 9 in Description of one new species of freshwater shrimp of the genus Caridina (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from two karst caves of Northern Vietnam

FIGURE 9. Phylogenetic relationships of Caridina namdat, sp. nov., within Vietnamese atyids, reconstructed by BI analyses of two mitochondrial gene fragments. Number on branches show, from top, Bayesian posterior probabilities (>0.9) and ML/MP bootstrap values (>70). An asterix indicates nodes with full support (1/100/100) in all analyses. The scale bar indicates the substitution rate. Numbers in brackets give the DNA accession number at MfN (MfN DNA Crust). See Table 1 for information on the sequenced specimens.

FIGURE 3 in Description of one new species of freshwater shrimp of the genus Caridina (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from two karst caves of Northern Vietnam

FIGURE 3. Caridina namdat, sp. nov. male (A, C–K), cl 4.5 mm; female, cl. 5.3 mm (IEBR-FS 006). A, B, first pereopod; C, second pereopod; D, third pereopod; E, the same, dactylus; F, fifth pereopod; G, the same, dactylus; H, male first pleopod; I, endopod of male first pleopod; J, male second pleopod; K, appendix masculina and interna of male second pleopod. Scale: A–D, F = 1 mm, E, G, I, K = 0.2 mm; H, J = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 8 in Description of one new species of freshwater shrimp of the genus Caridina (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from two karst caves of Northern Vietnam

FIGURE 8. Forest was destroyed for slash-and-burn cultivation in the type locality of Caridina namdat sp. nov.

FIGURE 2 in Description of one new species of freshwater shrimp of the genus Caridina (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from two karst caves of Northern Vietnam

FIGURE 2. Caridina namdat, sp. nov. male, cl 4.5 mm (IEBR-FS 006). A, cephalothorax and cephalic appendages, lateral view; B, antennular peduncle; C, scaphocerite; D, telson; E, distal portion of telson; F, preanal carina; G, uropodal diaeresis; H, mandible; I, maxillula; J, maxilla; K, first maxilliped; L, distal end of palp of first maxilliped; M, second maxilliped; N, third maxilliped. Scale: A = 1 mm; B–D = 0.5 mm; E–J = 0.2 mm.

Figure 9 in The freshwater shrimps of the genera Caridina and Parisia from karst caves of Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia, with descriptions of three new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Atyidae)

Figure 9. Caridina leclerci sp. nov. (A) Cephalothorax and cephalic appendages, (B) telson, (C) distal portion of telson, (D) scaphocerite, (E) mandible, (F) maxillula, (G) maxilla, (H) first maxilliped, (I) second maxilliped, (J) first pereiopod, (K) second pereiopod, (L) third pereiopod, (M) dactylus of third pereiopod, (N) fifth pereiopod, (O) dactylus of fifth pereiopod, (P) endopod of male first pleopod, (Q) appendix masculine and appendix interna of male second pleopod, (R) preanal carina, (S) diaeresis. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, D–L, N, R, 0.5 mm; C, M, O–Q, S, 0.2 mm. (Holotype, male, cl 3.5 mm, ZMB, Sula-210, at Maros, Sulawesi.)

Figure 10 in The freshwater shrimps of the genera Caridina and Parisia from karst caves of Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia, with descriptions of three new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Atyidae)

Figure 10. Parisia deharvengi sp. nov. (A) Cephalothorax and cephalic appendages, (B) telson, (C) distal portion of telson, (D) scaphocerite, (E) maxillula, (F) maxilla, (G) first maxilliped, (H) second maxilliped, (I) third maxilliped, (J) first pereiopod, (K) second pereiopod, (L) third pereiopod, (M) dactylus of third pereiopod, (N) fifth pereiopod, (O) dactylus of fifth pereiopod, (P) diaeresis. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, D–L, N, 0.5 mm; C, P, 0.2 mm; M, O, 0.1 mm. (Holotype, female, cl 3.4 mm, ZMB, Gua (cave) Tanette, Kappang, Maros, Sulawesi.)

Figure 8 in The freshwater shrimps of the genera Caridina and Parisia from karst caves of Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia, with descriptions of three new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Atyidae)

Figure 8. Caridina sulawesi sp. nov. (A, B) Cephalothorax and cephalic appendages, (C) scaphocerite, (D) first pereiopod, (E) second pereiopod, (F) third pereiopod, (G) dactylus of third pereiopod, (H) fifth pereiopod, (I) dactylus of fifth pereiopod, (J) male first pleopod, (K) male second pereiopod. Scale bars: A–C, 1 mm; D–F, H, 0.5 mm; G, I–K, 0.2 mm. (A–I, ovigerous female, cl 4.2 mm, J, K, cl 3.9 mm, Sulawesi, MK95-3, ZRC.)

Figure 7 in The freshwater shrimps of the genera Caridina and Parisia from karst caves of Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia, with descriptions of three new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Atyidae)

Figure 7. Caridina sulawesi new species. (A) First pereiopod, (B) Second pereiopod, (C) third pereiopod, (D) dactylus of third pereiopod, (E) fifth pereiopod, (F) dactylus of fifth pereiopod, (G) male first pleopod, (H) male second pleopod. Scale bars: A–C, E, 0.5 mm; D, F, 0.1 mm; G, H, 0.2 mm. (A–F, female, cl 4.6 mm, holotype, ZMB; G, H, male, cl 3.4 mm, paratype, ZRC, Filtrage, Beru, Kappang, Maros, Sulawesi.)