Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
1,509
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
1,509 results for “host association”
Data from: Selection and genomic differentiation during ecological speciation: isolating the contributions of host association via a comparative genome scan of Neochlamisus bebbianae leaf beetles
This study uses a comparative genome scan to evaluate the contributions of host plant related divergent selection to genetic differentiation and ecological speciation in maple- and willow-associated populations of Neochlamisus bebbianae leaf beetles. For each of 15 pairwise population comparisons, we identified "outlier loci" whose strong differentiation putatively reflects divergent selection. Of 447 AFLP loci, 15% were outliers across multiple population comparisons, and low linkage disequilibrium indicated that these outliers derived from multiple regions of the genome. Outliers were further classified as "host-specific" if repeatedly observed in "different-host" population comparisons but never in "same-host" comparisons. Outliers exhibiting the opposite pattern were analogously classified as "host-independent." Host-specific outliers represented 5% of all loci and were more frequent than host-independent outliers, thus revealing a large role for host-adaptation in population genomic differentiation. Evidence that host-related selection can promote divergence despite gene flow was provided by population trees. These were structured by host-association when datasets included host-specific outliers, but not when based on neutral loci, which united sympatric populations. Lastly, three host-specific outliers were highly differentiated in all nine different-host comparisons. Because host-adaptation promotes reproductive isolation in these beetles, these loci provide promising candidate gene regions for future molecular studies of ecological speciation.
Data from: Decreased small mammal and on-host tick abundance in association with invasive red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta)
Invasive species may impact pathogen transmission by altering the distributions and interactions among native vertebrate reservoir hosts and arthropod vectors. Here, we examined the direct and indirect effects of the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) on the native tick, small mammal and pathogen community in southeast Texas. Using a replicated large-scale field manipulation study, we show that small mammals were more abundant on treatment plots where S. invicta populations were experimentally reduced. Our analysis of ticks on small mammal hosts demonstrated a threefold increase in the ticks caught per unit effort on treatment relative to control plots, and elevated tick loads (a 27-fold increase) on one common rodent species. We detected only one known human pathogen (Rickettsia parkeri), present in 1.4% of larvae and 6.7% of nymph on-host Amblyomma maculatum samples but with no significant difference between treatment and control plots. Given that host and vector population dynamics are key drivers of pathogen transmission, the reduced small mammal and tick abundance associated with S. invicta may alter pathogen transmission dynamics over broader spatial scales.
Data from: Functional genotypes are associated with commensal Escherichia coli strain abundance within host individuals and populations
The selective pressures that determine genotype abundance and distribution frequently vary between ecological levels. Thus, it is often unclear whether the same functional genotypes will become abundant at different levels and how selection acting at these different scales are linked. In this study, we examined whether particular functional genotypes, defined by the presence or absence of 34 genes, of commensal E. coli strains were associated with within-host abundance and/or host population abundance in a wild population of 54 adult mountain brushtail possums (Trichosurus cunninghami). Our results revealed that there was a positive correlation between a strain's relative abundance within individuals and the strain's abundance in the host population. We also found that strain abundance at both ecological levels was predicted by the same group of functional genes (agn43, focH, micH47, iroN, ygiL, ompT, kspmT2 and K1) that had associated patterns of occurrence. We propose that direct selection on the same functional genes at both levels may in part be responsible for the observed correlation between the ecological levels. However, a potential link between abundance within the host and excretion rate may also contribute.
Data from: Host plant associations and geography interact to shape diversification in a specialist insect herbivore
Disentangling the processes underlying geographic and environmental patterns of biodiversity challenges biologists as such patterns emerge from eco-evolutionary processes confounded by spatial autocorrelation among sample units. The herbivorous insect, Belonocnema treatae (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), exhibits regional specialization on three plant species whose geographic distributions range from sympatry through allopatry across the southern USA. Using range-wide sampling spanning the geographic ranges of the three host plants and genotyping-by-sequencing of 1,217 individuals, we tested whether this insect herbivore exhibited host-plant-associated genomic differentiation while controlling for spatial autocorrelation among the 58 sample sites. Population genomic structure based on 40,699 SNPs was evaluated using the hierarchical Bayesian model ENTROPY to assign individuals to genetic clusters and estimate admixture proportions. To control for spatial autocorrelation, distance-based Moran's eigenvector mapping was used to construct regression variables summarizing spatial structure inherent among sample sites. Distance based redundancy analysis (dbRDA) incorporating the spatial variables was then applied to partition host-plant-associated differentiation (HAD) from spatial autocorrelation. By combining ENTROPY and dbRDA to analyze SNP data we unveiled a complex mosaic of highly structured differentiation within and among gall former populations finding evidence that geography, HAD and spatial autocorrelation all play significant roles in explaining patterns of genomic differentiation in B. treatae. While dbRDA confirmed host association as a significant predictor of patterns of genomic variation, spatial autocorrelation among sites explained the largest proportion of variation. Our results demonstrate the value of combining dbRDA with hierarchical structural analyses to partition spatial/environmental patterns of genomic variation.
Data from: Buchnera has changed flatmate but the repeated replacement of co-obligate symbionts is not associated with the ecological expansions of their aphid hosts
Symbiotic associations with bacteria have facilitated important evolutionary transitions in insects and resulted in long-term obligate interactions. Recent evidence suggests that these associations are not always evolutionarily stable and that symbiont replacement and/or supplementation of an obligate symbiosis by an additional bacterium has occurred during the history of many insect groups. Yet, the factors favoring one symbiont over another in this evolutionary dynamic are not well understood; progress has been hindered by our incomplete understanding of the distribution of symbionts across phylogenetic and ecological contexts. While many aphids are engaged into an obligate symbiosis with a single Gammaproteobacterium, Buchnera aphidicola, in species of the Lachninae subfamily, this relationship has evolved into a "ménage à trois", in which Buchnera is complemented by a co-symbiont, usually Serratia symbiotica. Using deep sequencing of 16S rRNA bacterial genes from 128 species of Cinara (the most diverse Lachninae genus), we reveal a highly dynamic dual symbiotic system in this aphid lineage. Most species host both Serratia and Buchnera but, in several clades, endosymbionts related to Sodalis, Erwinia or an unnamed member of the Enterobacteriaceae have replaced Serratia. Endosymbiont genome sequences from four aphid species confirm that these co-resident symbionts fulfill essential metabolic functions not ensured by Buchnera. We further demonstrate through comparative phylogenetic analyses that co-symbiont replacement is not associated with the adaptation of aphids to new ecological conditions. We propose that symbiont succession was driven by factors intrinsic to the phenomenon of endosymbiosis, such as rapid genome deterioration or competitive interactions between bacteria with similar metabolic capabilities.
Data from: Spatiotemporal dynamics of Puumala hantavirus associated with its rodent host, Myodes glareolus
Many viruses significantly impact human and animal health. Understanding the population dynamics of these viruses and their hosts can provide important insights for epidemiology and virus evolution. Puumala virus (PUUV) is a European hantavirus that may cause regional outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in humans. Here, we analyzed the spatiotemporal dynamics of PUUV circulating in local populations of its rodent reservoir host, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) during eight years. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses of all three genome segments of PUUV showed strong geographical structuring at a very local scale. There was a high temporal turnover of virus strains in the local bank vole populations, but several virus strains persisted through multiple years. Phylodynamic analyses showed no significant changes in the local effective population sizes of PUUV, although vole numbers and virus prevalence fluctuated widely. Microsatellite data demonstrated also a temporally persisting subdivision between local vole populations, but these groups did not correspond to the subdivision in the virus strains. We conclude that restricted transmission between vole populations and genetic drift play important roles in shaping the genetic structure and temporal dynamics of PUUV in its natural host which has several implications for zoonotic risks of the human population.
Figure 2 in Redescription of Microterys chalcosotmus (Dalman) (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid associated with Phenacoccus aceris (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and Kermes spp. (Hemiptera: Kermesidae), with comments on its host relationship
Figure 2. Microterys chalcostomus: (a) antenna ♀; (b) fore wing ♀; (c) hypopygium ♀; (d) ovipositor; (e) fore wing ♂; (f) antenna ♂; (g) genitalia, ♂. (Images from slides, all bright field illumination except Fig. 1(g) differential interference contrast).
Figure 1 in Redescription of Microterys chalcosotmus (Dalman) (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid associated with Phenacoccus aceris (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and Kermes spp. (Hemiptera: Kermesidae), with comments on its host relationship
Figure 1. Microterys chalcostomus: (a) lectotype ♀(habitus); (b) labels accompanying lectotype; (c) habitus, ♀; (d) habitus ♂. (Courtesy of Hege Vårdal.)
Cultivation of host-associated bacteria under sulfide-enriched microoxic and anoxic conditions
<p>Cultivation protocol</p>
Host-associated bacteria isolated from animals with chemosynthetic symbionts
<p>Phylogenetic affiliation of bacteria isolated from homogenates of gutless oligochaete worms (<em>Olavius</em> spp.) and from gill tissue of lucinid clams (<em>Loripes lucinalis</em>) and bathymodiolin mussles (<em>Bathymodiolus brooksi</em>).</p>
FIGURES 56–63. Leptopilina boulardi. 56 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 56–63. Leptopilina boulardi. 56. Head, anterior view (407x, 20 m); 57. Female antenna (309x, 20 m); 58. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (267x, 20 m); 59. Pronotal plate (790x, 20 m); 60. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (100x, 100 m); 61. Mesosoma, dorsal view (335x, 20 m); 62. Forewing (10x, 0.14mm); 63. Metacoxa (230x, 100 m).
FIGURES 48–55. Aganaspis nordlanderi. 48 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 48–55. Aganaspis nordlanderi. 48. Head, anterior view (174x, 100 m); 49. Female antenna (66x, 250 m); 50. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (84x, 100 m); 51. Pronotal plate (105x, 100 m); 52, Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (35x, 500 m); 53. Mesosoma, dorsal view (74x, 250 m); 54. Forewing (10x, 0,5mm); 55. Metacoxa (120x, 100 m).
FIGURES 40–47. Trybliographa infuscata. 40 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 40–47. Trybliographa infuscata. 40. Head, anterior view (218x, 100 m); 41. Female antenna (109x, 100 m); 42. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (182x, 100 m); 43. Pronotal plate (568x, 20 m); 44. Mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (161x, 100 m); 45. Mesosoma, dorsal view (193x, 100 m); 46. Forewing (10x, 0,5mm); 47. Metacoxa (161x, 100 m).
FIGURES 3239. Aganaspis pelleranoi. 32 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 3239. Aganaspis pelleranoi. 32. Head, anterior view (170x, 100 m); 33. Female antenna (97x, 100 m); 34. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (130x, 100 m); 35. Pronotal plate (288x, 100 m); 36. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (48x, 250 m); 37. Mesosoma, dorsal view (64x, 250 m); 38. Forewing (10x, 0,5mm); 39. Metacoxa (163x, 100 m).
FIGURES 24–31. Odontosema anastrephae. 24 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 24–31. Odontosema anastrephae. 24. Head, anterior view (201x, 100 m); 25. Female antenna (135x, 100 m); 26. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (145x, 100 m); 27. Pronotal plate (130x, 100 m); 28. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (37x, 250 m); 29. Mesosoma, dorsal view (68x, 250 m); 30. Forewing (10x, 0,5mm); 31. Metacoxa (84x, 100 m).
FIGURES 16–23. Dicerataspis grenadensis. 16 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 16–23. Dicerataspis grenadensis. 16. Head, anterior view (140x, 100 m); 17. Female antenna (204x, 100 m); 18. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (280x, 100 m); 19. Pronotal plate (366x, 20 m); 20. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (120x, 100 m); 21. Mesosoma, dorsal view (130x, 100 m); 22. Forewing (10x, 0,5mm); 23. Metacoxa (130x, 100 m).
FIGURES 1–8. Lopheucoila anastrephae. 1 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 1–8. Lopheucoila anastrephae. 1. Head, anterior view (183x, 100 m); 2. Female antenna (58x, 250 m); 3. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (170x, 100 m); 4. Pronotal plate (160x, 100 m); 5. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (74x, 250 m); 6. Mesosoma, dorsal view (172x, 100 m); 7. Forewing (10x, 0,5mm); 8. Metacoxa (163x, 100 m).
FIGURES 9–15. Tropideucoila weldi. 9 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 9–15. Tropideucoila weldi. 9. Head, anterior view (228x, 100 m); 10. Female antenna (179x, 100 m); 11. Pronotal plate (391x, 20 m); 12. Mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (168x, 100 m); 13. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view (215x, 100 m); 14. Forewing (10x, 0,25mm); 15. Metacoxa (261x, 100 m).
FIGURES 27–28 in New Mnemosynini taxa (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) from the Palaeogene of France with notes on their early association with host plants
FIGURES 27–28. Mnasthaia arverniorum gen. et sp. nov. Fig. 27. Right tegmen (partly reconstructed); Fig. 28. Face. Scale bar: 1 mm.
FIGURES 24–26 in New Mnemosynini taxa (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) from the Palaeogene of France with notes on their early association with host plants
FIGURES 24–26. Mnaomaia bellovaciorum gen. et sp. nov. Fig. 24. Left hind tibia and tarsus; Fig. 25. Left tarsus; Fig. 26. Male genital block in left ventrolateral view. Scale bar: 1 mm.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.