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410 results for “hybrid species”
FIGURE 5 in Emerging natural hybrid between Invasive Species and Native Congener of Emilia (Asteraceae) Found in Northern Taiwan
FIGURE 5. Color photos of E. ×latens in the field. (Photographer: WANG, JEN-YU).
FIGURE 4 in On the Romanian endemic species of Salvia (Lamiaceae) and its natural hybrids: nomenclatural and taxonomic aspects
FIGURE 4. Lectotype of Salvia ×bichigeanii (BUCA70884).
FIGURE 3 in On the Romanian endemic species of Salvia (Lamiaceae) and its natural hybrids: nomenclatural and taxonomic aspects
FIGURE 3. Lectotype of Salvia ×telekiana (BP144482).
FIGURE 2 in On the Romanian endemic species of Salvia (Lamiaceae) and its natural hybrids: nomenclatural and taxonomic aspects
FIGURE 2. Lectotype of Salvia ×hybrida (LW00210540).
Data from: The genomics of incompatibility factors and sex determination in hybridizing species of Cottus (Pisces)
Cottus rhenanus and Cottus perifretum have formed hybrid lineages and narrow hybrid zones that can be best explained through the action of natural selection. However, the underlying selective forces as well as their genomic targets are not well understood. This study identifies genomic regions in the parental species that cause hybrid incompatibilities and tests whether these manifest in a sex-specific manner to learn about processes that affect natural hybridization in Cottus. Interspecific F2 crosses were analyzed for 255 markers for genetic mapping and to detect transmission distortion as a sign for genetic incompatibilities. The Cottus map consists of 24 linkage groups with a total length of 1575.4 cM. A male heterogametic (XY) sex determination region was found on different linkage groups in the two parental species. Genetic incompatibilities were incomplete, varied among individuals and populations and were not associated with the heterogametic sex. The variance between populations and individuals makes it unlikely that there are species-specific incompatibility loci that could affect the gene pool of natural hybrids in a simple and predictable way. Conserved synteny with sequenced fish genomes permits to genetically study the Cottus genome through the transfer of genomic information from the model fish species. Homology relationships of candidate genomic regions in Cottus indicate that sex determination is not based on the same genomic regions found in other fish species. This suggests a fast evolutionary turnover of the genetic basis of sex determination that, together with the small size of the heterogametic regions, may contribute to the absence of fitness effects related to the Haldane's rule.
Data from: Hybrid asexuality as a primary postzygotic barrier between nascent species: on the interconnection between asexuality, hybridization and speciation
Although sexual reproduction is ubiquitous throughout nature, the molecular machinery behind it has been repeatedly disrupted during evolution, leading to the emergence of asexual lineages in all eukaryotic phyla. Despite intensive research, little is known about what causes the switch from sexual reproduction to asexuality. Interspecific hybridization is one of the candidate explanations but the reasons for the apparent association between hybridization and asexuality remain unclear. In this study we combined cross-breeding experiments with population genetic and phylogenomic approaches to reveal the history of speciation and asexuality evolution in European spined loaches (Cobitis). Contemporary species readily hybridize in hybrid zones, but produce infertile males and fertile but clonally reproducing females that cannot mediate introgressions. However, our analysis of exome data indicates that intensive gene flow between species has occurred in the past. Crossings among species with various genetic distances showed that, while distantly related species produced asexual females and sterile males, closely related species produce sexually reproducing hybrids of both sexes. Our results suggest that hybridization leads to sexual hybrids at the initial stages of speciation, but as the species diverge further, the gradual accumulation of reproductive incompatibilities between species could distort their gametogenesis towards asexuality. Interestingly, comparative analysis of published data revealed that hybrid asexuality generally evolves at lower genetic divergences than hybrid sterility or inviability. Given that hybrid asexuality effectively restricts gene flow, it may establish a primary reproductive barrier earlier during diversification than other 'classical' forms of postzygotic incompatibilities. Hybrid asexuality may thus indirectly contribute to the speciation process.
Data from: Extensive hybridization between two Andean warbler species with shallow divergence in mtDNA
<p><span>Studying processes acting on differentiated populations upon secondary contact, such as hybridization, is important to comprehensively understand how species are formed and maintained over time. However, avian speciation studies in the tropical Andes have largely focused on the role of topographic and ecological barriers promoting divergence in allopatry, seldom examining hybridization and introgression. We describe a hybrid zone involving 2 closely related Andean warblers (Parulidae), the Golden-fronted Redstart (<i>Myioborus ornatus</i>)<i> </i>and the Spectacled Redstart (<i>Myioborus melanocephalus</i>). Geographic ranges of these species abut near the Colombia-Ecuador border and many specimens from the region exhibit intermediate phenotypes, but a formal description of phenotypic variation in the contact zone were heretofore lacking. We collected specimens across a transect encompassing the area where ranges abut and areas where only "pure" parental phenotypes of <i>M. ornatus chrysops </i>and <i>M. melanocephalus ruficoronatus</i> occur. We described variation in plumage traits including patterns of head and ventral coloration and tail markings based on 321 specimens. To describe genetic variation in the contact zone and over a broader phylogeographic context, we used sequences of the mitochondrial ND2 gene for 219 individuals across the transect and the entire range of both species, including all subspecies, from Venezuela to Bolivia. We documented a hybrid zone ~200 km wide based on head coloration, where intermediate plumage phenotypes are most common and "pure" forms do not overlap geographically, consistent with extensive hybridization. Across the range of the <i>M. ornatus</i>–<i>M. melanocephalus</i> complex, mitochondrial genetic structure was shallow, with genetic breaks only coinciding clearly with one topographic feature. Such<i> </i>low genetic structure is striking given the high diversity in plumage phenotypes and current taxonomy of the group<i>. </i>Our phenotypic data suggest that barriers to hybridization are not strong, and allow us to postulate hypotheses to be tested using forthcoming genomic data.</span></p>
A holocenic and dynamic hybrid zone between two cactophilic Drosophila species in a coastal lowland plain of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
<p>Hybridization and introgression are processes that contribute to shaping biological diversity. The factors promoting the formation of these processes are multiples but poorly explored in a biogeographical and ecological context. In the southeast coastal plain of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, a hybrid zone was described between two closely related cactophilic species, <i>Drosophila antonietae</i> and <i>D. serido. </i>Here, we revisited and analyzed specimens from this hybrid zone to evaluate its temporal and spatial dynamic. We examined allopatric and sympatric populations of the flies using independent sources of data such as mitochondrial and nuclear sequences, microsatellite loci, morphometrics of wings and male genitalia, and climatic niche models. We also verified the emergence of the flies from necrotic tissues of collected cacti to verify the role of host association for the population dynamics. Our results support the existence of a hybrid zone due to secondary contact and limited to the localities where the two species are currently in contact. Furthermore, we detected asymmetric bidirectional introgression and the maintenance of the species integrity, ecological association, and morphological characters, suggesting selection and limited introgression. Considering our paleomodels, probably this hybrid zone is recent and the contact occurred during the Holocene to the present-day, favored by range expansion of their populations due to expansion of open and dry areas in eastern South America during palaeoclimatic and geomorphological events.</p>
Figure 3 from: Sulistyo B, Boos R, Cootes J, Gravendeel B (2015) Dendrochilum hampelii (Coelogyninae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) traded as 'Big Pink' is a new species, not a hybrid: evidence from nrITS, matK and ycf1 sequence data. PhytoKeys 56: 83-97. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.56.5432
Figure 3 - Dendrochilum hampelii: a habit b floral bract c flower d flower (sepals and petals removed) e dorsal sepal f petal g lateral sepal h labellum i column, front view j anther k pollinia. Drawing by Esmee Winkel based on Hort. bot. Leiden 20130654 (L! [spirit no. WAG0116920]).
Figure 2 from: Sulistyo B, Boos R, Cootes J, Gravendeel B (2015) Dendrochilum hampelii (Coelogyninae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) traded as 'Big Pink' is a new species, not a hybrid: evidence from nrITS, matK and ycf1 sequence data. PhytoKeys 56: 83-97. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.56.5432
Figure 2 - Above: alignment of nrITS sequences of the ingroup species from our phylogenetic analyses. For 'Big Pink' (Dendrochilum hampelii) and its apparently closest relatives among our study species, electropherograms are shown in red boxes. The electropherograms show clear distinct peaks; the species-specific mutation of 'Big Pink' is indicated by a red arrow. Below: electropherogram of 'Big Pink' (Dendrochilum hampelii) covering a larger region of nrITS; the distinct single peaks in both the forward and reverse sequences suggest this is a wild species rather than an artificial hybrid (see text for details).
Figure 1 from: Sulistyo B, Boos R, Cootes J, Gravendeel B (2015) Dendrochilum hampelii (Coelogyninae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) traded as 'Big Pink' is a new species, not a hybrid: evidence from nrITS, matK and ycf1 sequence data. PhytoKeys 56: 83-97. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.56.5432
Figure 1 - Phylogenetic relationships amongst the sampled species of Dendrochilum, created using BEAST and PAUP*. The values on the nodes represent posterior probabilities, whereas branch lengths indicate to the relative number of changes: A comparison between topologies based on nrITS and matK + ycf1 matrices B topology resulting from the combined nrITS + matK + ycf1 data matrices.
Figure 4 from: Sulistyo B, Boos R, Cootes J, Gravendeel B (2015) Dendrochilum hampelii (Coelogyninae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) traded as 'Big Pink' is a new species, not a hybrid: evidence from nrITS, matK and ycf1 sequence data. PhytoKeys 56: 83-97. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.56.5432
Figure 4 - Dendrochilum hampelii: A portion of inflorescence of cultivated pinkish salmon-coloured form B habit. Photographs by Lubbert Westra of Hort. bot. Leiden 20130654 (L! [spirit no. WAG0116920]) C portion of inflorescence of pale yellow-coloured form of a plant growing in the wild in the Philippines in the Misamis Oriental province of the island of Mindanao. Photograph by James Cootes.
Asymmetry in fitness-related traits of later-generation hybrids between two invasive species
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Data from: Unravelling species boundaries in the Aspergillus viridinutans complex (section Fumigati): opportunistic human and animal pathogens capable of interspecific hybridization
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Data from: Hybridization increases mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species in sunfish
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Data from: Interspecific hybridization transfers a previously unknown glyphosate resistance mechanism in Amaranthus species
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A holocenic and dynamic hybrid zone between two cactophilic Drosophila species in a coastal lowland plain of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
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Data from: Genomic collinearity and the genetic architecture of floral differences between the homoploid hybrid species I. nelsonii and one of its progenitors, I. hexagona
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Data from: Hybridization in the Drosophila melanogaster subgroup: incomplete isolation among the three species of the yakuba complex
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Data from: Hybrid asexuality as a primary postzygotic barrier between nascent species: on the interconnection between asexuality, hybridization and speciation
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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