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Figure 2 in Foraging mode of Australolacerta rupicola (FitzSimons, 1933) (Sauria: Lacertidae): evidence of seasonal variation in an extremely active predator?
Figure 2. Typical microhabitat of Australolacerta rupicola in Sample Plot 2. Credit: S. Kirchhof.
Figure 2 in Natural history of Peucetia flava (Araneae, Oxyopidae): seasonal density fluctuation, phenology and sex ratio on the glandular plant Rhyncanthera dichotoma (Melastomataceae)
Figure 2. Phenogram of the Peucetia flava population on plants of Rhyncanthera dichotoma.
Figure 3. k in Seasonal community structure of the molluscan macrofauna at the marine-lagoonal environmental transition at Kalloni solar saltworks (Lesvos Island, NE Aegean Sea, Greece)
Figure 3. k-dominance curves of the sampling sites in each season.
Figure 1 in Seasonal community structure of the molluscan macrofauna at the marine-lagoonal environmental transition at Kalloni solar saltworks (Lesvos Island, NE Aegean Sea, Greece)
Figure 1. Map of the study area, indicating the sampling sites.
Figure 6 in Seasonal community structure of the molluscan macrofauna at the marine-lagoonal environmental transition at Kalloni solar saltworks (Lesvos Island, NE Aegean Sea, Greece)
Figure 6. The zones of confinement in the study area.
Figure 2 in Seasonality and abundance of Metamasius callizona (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), an invasive insect herbivore, on two species of Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae) in Florida
Figure 2. Tillandsia utriculata is a monocarpic, tank bromeliad with soft, pliant leaves.
Figure 1 in Seasonality and abundance of Metamasius callizona (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), an invasive insect herbivore, on two species of Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae) in Florida
Figure 1. Tillandsia fasciculata is a polycarpic bromeliad with tough leaves.
Seasonality affects specialisation of a temperate forest herbivore community
<p>Understanding spatiotemporal trends on insect-plant interaction networks is essential to unveil the ecological and evolutionary processes driving herbivore specialisation. However, community studies accounting for temporal dynamics in host-plant specialisation of herbivorous insects are surprisingly scarce.</p> <p>Here, we provide the background data which were used to investigate how seasonality affects specialisation of a temperate forest herbivore community. This dataset results from a comprehensive sampling of more than 4,700 folivorous caterpillars associated with 16 deciduous tree species in eastern North America. Specifically, we provide three abundance-based plant-caterpillar interaction matrices. Each interaction matrix represents a six-week period of the growing season. These time periods are defined as follow: early season, midseason, and late season.</p> <p>We observed a significantly less specialised herbivore fauna in the early season than in the two subsequent summer seasons. We further found that the seasonal increase in specialisation was driven by a remarkable turnover in species composition rather than by shifts in guild structure or intraspecific changes in diet breadth of the herbivores.</p>
Seasonal variation in the strength of interference competition among headwater stream predators
<p>1. Vertebrate communities in headwater streams are assumed to be regulated through competitive and predatory interactions. Although documented predation is rare, studies regularly report competitive dominance by fish that, as larger competitors reliant on aquatic habitat, exclude semi-aquatic salamanders to marginal stream habitat. However, it is unclear whether fish interact with stream-breeding salamanders through indirect effects such as, competition for resources (e.g., food or cover) or fear (i.e., threat of predation) nor is it known whether these interactions are consistent through time.</p> <p>2. This study used a novel caging approach to determine if competitive outcomes between a headwater fish and salamanders were regulated primarily through resource depletion (exploitative competition) or behavioural avoidance (interference competition).</p> <p>3. We paired banded sculpin (<i>Cottus carolinae</i>) and larval red salamanders (<i>Pseudotriton ruber</i>) of similar body size in independent flow through mesocosms with intra- and inter-specific pairs allowed to interact physically or non-physically. The experiment was repeated in the fall and in the spring when stream salamander larvae begin to transform into terrestrial juveniles.</p> <p>4. Banded sculpin negatively influenced growth of red salamanders regardless of whether they were allowed to physically interact, suggesting interference competition and behavioural avoidance. This asymmetrical effect was strongest in the spring when salamanders underwent metamorphosis at higher rates in the presence of fish. However, in the fall, the effects were more balanced between the two species with salamanders impacting fish through exploitative competition.</p> <p>5. By studying the temporal relationships between two competitors and using a caging method novel to competition studies, we established that the outcomes of competition are dependent on season and may vary in type relative to the timing of life history events. For this community, these results suggest that outcomes of competition are highly dependent on season and could indicate a biotic mechanism maintaining headwater salamander distributions through source-sink dynamics. Our results also suggest that, in this species interaction, it may be unwarranted to assume that the outcomes of competition at one time represent the complex relationships regulating community interactions.</p>
Fig. 2 in Notes on the seasonal dynamics of the coprophagous Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) in western Turkey, with first record of Megasternum concinnum for Turkish fauna
Fig. 2: Seasonal dynamics of Sphaeridium scarabaeoides, S. marginatum and Cercyon haemorrhoidalis on the studied localities in western Turkey during 2004 and 2006.
Fig. 4 in Patterns of niche breadth and feeding overlap of the fish fauna in the seasonal Brazilian Pantanal, Cuiabá River basin
Fig. 4. Values of trophic niche breadth (mean±standard error) of fish species in each spatial- temporal units in the Cuiabá River basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. PF= Pond Flood; PD= Pond Drought; RF= River Flood; RD= River Drought. Trophic niche breadth was considered low (0-0.39), intermediate (0.4- 0.6) or high (0.61-1) (modified of Grossman, 1986).
Fig. 2 in Patterns of niche breadth and feeding overlap of the fish fauna in the seasonal Brazilian Pantanal, Cuiabá River basin
Fig. 2. Relative water levels in the study area, Cuiabá River and Chacororé Lake, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, from March 2000 to February 2001, showing the rainy and dry seasons. The data were provided by the Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA).
Fig. 3 in Patterns of niche breadth and feeding overlap of the fish fauna in the seasonal Brazilian Pantanal, Cuiabá River basin
Fig. 3. Relative frequency of the trophic niche breadth (B) a intervals of fish species in each spatial-temporal unit in the Cuiabá River basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. PF= Pond Flood; PD= Pond Drought; RF= River Flood; RD= River Drought. Trophic niche breadth was considered low (0-0.39), intermediate (0.4-0.6) or high (0.61-1) (modified of Grossman, 1986).
Fig. 2 in Spatial pattern of a fish assemblage in a seasonal tropical wetland: effects of habitat, herbaceous plant biomass, water depth, and distance from species sources
Fig. 2. Distribution of the relative abundance of the 49 species of fish captured in the 22 plots in Site of Long-Term Sampling (SLTS), related to the depth at each of the collection plots.
Fig. 3. Fish assemblage ordination resulting from a in Flow seasonality and fish assemblage in a tropical river, French Guiana, South America
Fig. 3. Fish assemblage ordination resulting from a CA analysis using species (a), family (b), trophic guild (c), and MOS (d) descriptors in the upstream site, Comté River. Bold text indicates the species, family, trophic guild or MOS which contributes most to axes. Dots = samples taken during high waters; triangles = samples taken during low waters. Numbers correspond to fish species in Table 1. Axis scales are indicated in the small box.
Fig. 1 in Spatial, seasonal and ontogenetic variation in the diet of Astyanax aff. fasciatus (Ostariophysi: Characidae) in an Atlantic Forest river, Southern Brazil
Fig. 1. Monthly average precipitation and temperature for the rio das Pedras region, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil. (Data refer to the period of January 1976 to December 2000). Source: SIMEPAR.
Fig. 7 in Spatial, seasonal and ontogenetic variation in the diet of Astyanax aff. fasciatus (Ostariophysi: Characidae) in an Atlantic Forest river, Southern Brazil
Fig. 7. Mean ± S.D. Intestinal quotient (I q) of the three established standard length classes for Astyanax aff. fasciatus at two sites on the rio das Pedras. (SL1: <50 mm; SL2: 51-75 mm and SL3:> 76 mm).
Figure 8 in Comparative morphology, phylogenetic relationships, and historical biogeography of plesiolebiasine seasonal killifishes (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae)
Figure 8. General area cladogram for plesiolebiasine areas of endemism.
Figure 2 in Seasonal diets of Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in the Khangchendzonga National Park, Eastern Himalaya India
Figure 2. Flow chart of scat analysis procedure in the laboratory.
Melanin-based ornament darkness positively correlates with across-season nutritional condition
Sexually dimorphic ornamental traits are widely regarded as indicators of nutritional condition. However, variation of nutritional condition outside the reproductive and the ornament production seasons has rarely been considered, although it affects the generality of information content, especially for ornaments that may be used across the year. We measured several indicators of migratory and moult condition in male and female blackcaps (Sylvia atricapilla) during their autumn migration, and quantified their crown reflectance. We detected robust correlations between migratory and moult condition indices, and the correlation structure was similar in the two sexes. Furthermore, the across-season measure of body condition was positively related to the darkness of the black crown in males, while being unrelated to reflectance traits of the reddish crown in females. Our results reinforce the possibility that some melanin-based ornaments may be year-round indicators of individual quality via their dependence on nutritional condition.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.