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FIGURE 3 in Lagenandra wayambae (Araceae), a new endemic species from a freshwater swamp forest of Sri Lanka
FIGURE 3. Lagenandra wayambae; A. Spathe showing the opening in the limb of the spathe giving access to the reproductive organs. B. Spathe. Note the twist from the rear side. C. Spathe dissected and opened. D. Spadix. E. Infructescence. F. Seeds.
FIGURE 1 in Lagenandra wayambae (Araceae), a new endemic species from a freshwater swamp forest of Sri Lanka
FIGURE 1. Map of Sri Lanka indicating the location of Lagenandra wayambae, the freshwater swamp forest in Walauwewaththa Wathurana, Bulathsinghala, Sri Lanka.
Figure 4 in Evolution of sperm morphology in potamid freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamoidea)
Figure 4. Diagrammatic drawings of potamine spermatozoa. A, Parathelphusula panningi (with cleistospermic spermatophore wall). B, Himalayapotamon emphysetum (with cleistospermic spermatophore wall). C, Socotrapotamon socotrense. Scale bars: 1 Mm.
Figure 3 in Evolution of sperm morphology in potamid freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamoidea)
Figure 3. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of potamid spermatozoa. A, B, Parathelphusula panningi. A, longitudinal sagittal view. B, cross section. C–F, Himalayapotamon emphysetum. C, longitudinal sagittal view; the arrowhead indicates the perforate operculum. D, 'tongue-and-groove' connection between the operculum and the acrosomal zones beneath. E, overview of cleistospermic spermatophores. F, cross section. Scale bars: 1 Mm, or as indicated. Abbreviations: arrowhead, vestigial 'tongue & groove connection'; ar, acrosome ray zone; ia, inner acrosomal zone; nu, nucleus; oa, outer acrosomal zone; op, operculum; pc, perforatorial chamber; tg, 'tongue-and-groove' connection; sw, spermatophore wall.
Figure 2 in Evolution of sperm morphology in potamid freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamoidea)
Figure 2. Maximum clade credibility tree based on Bayesian inference (BEAST 1.4.8) of a 16S rRNA fragment (523 bp) including potamid species with known sperm ultrastructure and Gecarcinucidae as the out-group. The nomenclature of subclades is as suggested by Shih et al. (2009). European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) accession numbers of sequences obtained in this study are shown in bold.
Figure 1 in Evolution of sperm morphology in potamid freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamoidea)
Figure 1. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of potamid spermatozoa. A–E, Socotrapotamon socotrense. A, longitudinal sagittal view; the white line points to the perforate operculum. B, coenospermic spermatophore. C, cross section. D, electron-lucent ring around the opening of the perforatorial chamber. E, spermatophore wall. F–J, Potamon fluviatile. F, spermatophore wall. G, coenospermic spermatophore. H, longitudinal sagittal section (slightly transverse) and cleistospermic spermatophore. J, cross section. Scale bars: 1 Mm, or as indicated. Abbreviations: ar, acrosome ray zone; ia, inner acrosomal zone; nu, nucleus; oa, outer acrosomal zone; op, operculum; pc, perforatorial chamber; sw, spermatophore wall.
Supplementary Table S1and S2 (raw data) of "Effect of salinity and water dilution on environmental DNA degradation in freshwater environments"
<p>All data, including the raw values for the qPCR experiments</p>
Figure 3 in First record of the freshwater crab genus Esanthelphusa Naiyanetr, 1994 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from Myanmar, with the description of a new species from the Kayin State
Figure 3. Esanthelphusa kayinensis sp. nov., holotype, male, NNU16C-PA1. (a) left third maxilliped; (b) ventral view of left G1; (c) dorsal view of left G1; (d) left G2; (e): ventral view of distal half of G1; f, dorsal view of distal half of G1. White scale bar = 1.0 cm.
FIG. 1 in New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist
FIG. 1. Map of Costa Rica, Middle America, showing the división into 18 major river drainage basins: Lago de Nicaragua (LN), Río Frío (RF), San Juan (SJ), San Carlos (SC), Sarapiquí (Sa), Tortuguero (To), Parismina (Pa), Matina (Ma) and Sixaola (Si) (Atlantic); Isla del Coco (IC), Nicoya (Ni), Tempisque (Te), Bebedero (Be), Barranca (Ba), Tárcoles (Ta), Pirrís (Pi), Térraba (Tr) and Coto (Co) (Pacific). Part of the Changuinola (Ch) River basin is located in the Costa Rican territory, however, this area was excluded, for practical purposes, from this review due to the lack of fish fauna given its elevation (+2000 m.a.s.l.). Shaded basins drain to the Pacific Ocean, pale basins drain to the Caribbean (Atlantic Ocean). Data from the continental basins was obtained from HydroSHEDS (Lehner et al. 2008). Data from the Isla del Coco basin was obtained from Díaz Bolaños et al. (2012). Map base made by Diego Elias (LSU) and edited by the author.
FIG. 4 in New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist
FIG. 4. Range extensions. (A) Brycon costaricensis, specimen captured in the Río Corobicí, near Palmira, Cañas, Guanacaste (10.55285, -85.09607), at 208 m.a.s.l., on May 2, 2021, by Jorge San Gil and Arturo Angulo. (B) Brycon costaricensis, specimen captured in an artificial (irrigation) canal (Canal Oeste) on the Cañas-Upala road, Cañas, Guanacaste (10.47837, -85.13624), at 60 m.a.s.l., on May 2, 2021, by Pablo Morales et al. (C) Carassius auratus, specimen captured in the Río San Carlos, Santa Rita, Pital, San Carlos, Alajuela (10.70005, -84.19132), at 29 m.a.s.l., on June 2, 2019, by Oscar Sandoval. (D) Cynodonichthys fuscolineatus, specimen captured in an unnamed stream on the Bijagua-Zapote-El Higuerón road, Bijagua, Upala, Alajuela (10.76306, -85.06727), at 541 m.a.s.l., on May 1, 2021, by Jorge San Gil et al. (E) Cyphocharax magdalenae, specimen captured in the Quebrada Honda, Pavones, Golfito, Puntarenas (8.42294, -83.10574), 2 m.a.s.l., on March 30, 2021, by Arturo Angulo et al. (F) Cyprinus carpio, specimen captured in the Laguna Jalova, Barra del Parismina, Pococí, Limón (10.34266, -83.39668), at 1 m.a.s.l., on August 24, 2021, by Jorge Leiva. (G) Eucinostomus argenteus, specimen captured in the Río Tortuguero, in the Parque Nacional Tortuguero, Limón (10.5852, -83.52335), at 1 m.a.s.l., on June 6, 1985, by Kirk Winemiller (UCR 1790- 007). (H) Leptophilypnus panamensis, specimen captured in the Río Lagarto, Chomes, Puntarenas (10.08320, -84.92064), at 15 m.a.s.l., on September 1, 1979, by William Bussing et al (UCR 1268-018). (I) Lutjanus novemfasciatus, specimen captured in the Río Ora, 2 Km E of Puerto Carrillo, on the Puerto Carrillo-Estrada road, Guanacaste (9.87353, -85.45638), at 8 m.a.s.l., on August 31, 2019, by Jorge San Gil. (J) Pterygoplichthys pardalis, specimen captured in the Isla Chira, on the Golfo de Nicoya, Puntarenas Costa Rica (10.10398, -85.11878), at 0 m.a.s.l., on November 6, 2020, by Jose Matarrita. (K) Sphoeroides rosenblatti, specimen captured in the Río Sábalo, 2.5 Km E of Playa Zancudo, on the Sabalos-Playa Zancudo road, Puntarenas (8.49517, -83.10448), at 15 m.a.s.l., on March 28, 2021, by Arturo Angulo et al. (L) Tomocichla tuba, specimen captured in the Río Buena Vista (Celeste) on the Parque Nacional Volcán Tenorio, Upala, Alajuela (10.70378, -84.99076), at 731 m.a.s.l, on May 1, 2021, by Isaac López et al.
FIG. 5 in New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist
FIG. 5. Range extensions. (A) Trinectes fimbriatus, specimen captured in the Quebrada Cocal Amarillo, 5 Km N of Pavones, on the Puerto Pilón-Pavones road, Puntarenas (8.43643, -83.09660), at 26 m.a.s.l., on March 30, 2021, by Arturo Angulo et al. (B) Vieja maculicauda, specimen captured in the Laguna Charco Verde, on the Humedal Caño Negro, Los Chiles, Alajuela (10.89350, -84.77277), at 40 m.a.s.l., on June 20, 2021, by Fausto Árias and Alexandre Tisseaux.
FIG. 3 in New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist
FIG. 3. New country records. (A) Mugil incilis, specimen captured in the Río Pacuare, near the mouth of the river, Siquirres, Limón (10.219424, -83.284898), at 8 m.a.s.l., on July 22, 2004, by Jorge Picado (UCR 2835-005). (B) Oligoplites saliens, specimen captured in the Caño Palma, near the Caño Palma Biological Station, Pococí, Limón (10.5938, -83.52731), at 11 m.a.s.l., on February 22, 2019, by Nathan Lovejoy et al. (UCR 3311-001). (C) Oreochromis aureus, specimen captured the Río Pacuar (Térraba river basin), 4 km SE of San Isidro del General, under bridge on road San Isidro-Dominical, San José (09.35264, -83.72790), at 619 m.a.s.l., on March 25, 2013 by Carlos Garita (UCR 3018-001). (D) Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, specimen captured in the laguna San Sebastian, Caño Negro, Alajuela (10.8630, -84.7807), at 41 m.a.s.l., on September 29, 2021, by Bryan Castro and Jader Urbina. (E) Rhencus macracanthus, specimen captured in the Río Lagarto, Chomes, Puntarenas (10.08320, -84.92064), at 15 m.a.s.l., on September 1, 1979, by William Bussing et al (UCR 1268-025). (F) Thalassoma bifasciatum, specimen captured in the Quebrada Cocles (Matina river basin), 2.5 km SE of Puerto Viejo, near the bridge on El Tucán-Cocles road, Limón (9.64221, -82.73588), at 22 m.a.s.l., on August 20, 2020, by Walter Carranza. (G) Trinectes fluviatilis, specimen captured in the Quebrada Cocal Amarillo, 5 Km N of Pavones, on the Puerto Pilón-Pavones road, Puntarenas (8.43643, - 83.09660), at 26 m.a.s.l., on March 30, 2021, by Arturo Angulo et al. (H) Trinectes xanthurus, specimen captured in the Río Tempisque (Tempisque river basin), at Puerto Humo, Guanacaste (10.31653, -85.35365), at 9 m.a.s.l., on January 25, 1976, by William Bussing et al. (UCR 0970-005). Range extensions. (I) Achirus declivis, specimen captured in the Río Moín, at the Puerto Fluvial JAPDEVA, Limón (09.99745, -83.08077), at 7 m.a.s.l., on December 14, 2006, by Karina Rodríguez (UCR 2761-003). (J) Amatitlania myrnae, specimen captured in the Río Estrella, Valle La Estrella, Limón (9.77552, -82.93240), at 13 m.a.s.l., on April 6, 2014, by Arturo Angulo. (K) Amphilophus citrinellus, specimen captured in the Río Bebedero, near Paso Real, Cañas, Guanacaste (10.43318, -85.15697), at 32 m.a.s.l., on August 7, 2021, by Luis Bolivar Montero-Chacón. (L) Brachyrhaphis olomina, specimens captured in an unnamed pound in the Reserva Biológica Monteverde, Altos de San Luis, Monteverde, Puntarenas (10.31667, -84.80932), at 1486 m.a.s.l., on July 6, 2019, by Arturo Angulo.
FIG. 2 in New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist
FIG. 2. New country records. (A) Amphilophus labiatus, specimen captured in the Río San Juan, San Carlos, Alajuela (ca 10.89057, -84.26540), at ca 26 m.a.s.l., in November 2020, by an anonymous angler. (B) Amphilophus labiatus, specimen captured in the Río Sapoá, La Cruz, Guanacaste (11.21815, -85.60819), at 8 m.a.s.l., on January 19, 1967, by William Bussing and Myrna López (UCR 0122-014). (C) Anchovia clupeoides, specimen captured in the Río Pacuare, near the mouth of the river, Siquirres, Limón (10.21952, -83.28254), at 8 m.a.s.l., on November 17, 2004, by Jorge Picado (UCR 2840-005). (D) Colossoma macropomum, specimen captured in the Río Bebedero, Portones de Taboga, Bebedero, Cañas, Guanacaste, Costa Rica (10.36978, -85.19772), at 10 m.a.s.l., on March 27, 2020, by Javier Blandon. (E) Colossoma macropomum, specimen captured in the Río Bebedero, Altamira, Cañas, Guanacaste, Costa Rica (10.35378, -85.20408), at 18 m.a.s.l., on April 30, 2021, by Agustin Guzman. (F) Gobioides peruanus being depredated by the Bare-throated Tiger Heron (Trigrisoma mexicanum Swainson, 1834), photo captured in the Quebrada Bomba Vieja (Barranca river basin), near the mouth of the Río Barranca, El Roble, Puntarenas (9.96228, -84.73493), at 6 m.a.s.l., on January 6, 2021, by Beto Guido Méndez (Bird watcher guide/Naturalist). (G) Hypostomus cf. niceforoi, specimens captured in the Humedal Caño Negro, Los Chiles, Alajuela (ca 10.89081, -84.79415), at ca 33 m.a.s.l., on May 11-16, 2016, by Didiher Chacón-Chaverri. (H) Lutjanus purpureus, specimen captured in the Quebrada Hone Creek/Río Carbón, Talamanca, Limón (9.67153, -82.79047), at 12 m.a.s.l., on October 6, 2007, by Maribel Mafla et al. (UCR 2751-001). (I) Lutjanus purpureus, specimen captured in the Río Moín, at the Puerto Fluvial JAPDEVA, Limón (09.99745, -83.08077), at 7 m.a.s.l., on December 14, 2006, by Karina Rodríguez (UCR 2761-003).
Disentangling the roles of plant functional diversity and plaint traits in regulating plant nitrogen accumulation and denitrification in freshwaters
<p>1. There is a growing recognition that functional measures of diversity, based on quantification of functionally important species traits, are useful for explaining variation in ecosystem processes. However, the mechanisms linking functional diversity to different processes remain poorly understood, hindering development of a predictive framework for ecosystem functioning based on species traits.</p> <p>2. The current understanding of how the functional traits of aquatic plants (macrophytes) affect nitrogen (N) cycling by regulating microbial communities and their activity in freshwater habitats is particularly limited. Denitrifying bacteria are typically associated with the roots of both aquatic and terrestrial plants and denitrification is the main cause of loss of N from ecosystems. Disentangling the interplay between plants and microbial denitrifiers is key to understanding variation in rates of denitrification from local to landscape scales.</p> <p>3. In a mesocosm experiment, we varied the species richness (monocultures or two- species mixtures) and composition of macrophytes. We quantified effects of both macrophyte functional diversity, quantified as functional trait dissimilarity, and functional trait composition, quantified as community weighted mean trait values, on N removal in wetlands. We used structural equation modelling to disentangle the direct and indirect influences of traits on N accumulation in plant biomass, denitrification activity and abundance of key bacterial denitrification genes (<i>nirS</i>and <i>nirK</i>).</p> <p>4. Both functional diversity and functional trait composition regulated N removal, explaining 70 – 94% variation in the underlying ecosystem processes. Increased macrophyte functional diversity increased plant N accumulation, and indirectly enhanced denitrification by increasing denitrification gene abundance. Among traits, greater plant relative growth rates, specific leaf area and aboveground biomass increased plant N accumulation. Denitrification activity increased with increasing belowground biomass but decreased with increasing root diameter.</p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>5. These findings improve our understanding of N removal in freshwater wetlands dominated by macrophytes, and have broad ecological implications for wetland management targeting enhanced ecosystem services. Our results highlight the potential for optimising denitrification and plant N accumulation in wetlands and thereby improving water purification by increasing macrophyte functional diversity and ensuring the presence of key traits in macrophyte assemblages.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
FIGURE 3 in New species, Parahelicomyces yunnanensis sp. nov. and Tubeufia nigroseptum sp. nov. from freshwater habitats in Yunnan, China
FIGURE 3. Tubeufia nigroseptum (KUN-HKAS 115528, holotype). a Colony on decaying wood. b Conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. c Conidiogenous cells. d–f Conidiophores with attached conidia. g–l Conidia. m Germinating conidium. n–o Colony on PDA from above and below. Scale bars: b, d–f = 30 μm, c = 10 μm, g–m = 20 μm.
FIGURE 2 in New species, Parahelicomyces yunnanensis sp. nov. and Tubeufia nigroseptum sp. nov. from freshwater habitats in Yunnan, China
FIGURE 2. Parahelicomyces yunnanensis (KUN-HKAS 115525, holotype). a Colony on decaying wood. b–d Conidiophores with attached conidia. e–f Conidiogenous cells. g–m Conidia. n Germinating conidium. Scale bars: b = 90 μm, c–d =40 μm, e–f = 10 μm, g–m = 20 μm.
FIGURE 1 in New species, Parahelicomyces yunnanensis sp. nov. and Tubeufia nigroseptum sp. nov. from freshwater habitats in Yunnan, China
FIGURE 1. Phylogram generated from maximum likelihood analysis based on combined ITS, LSU, TEF1-α and RPB2 sequence data for species of Tubeufiaceae. RAxML bootstrap support values equal to or greater than 75% are given before the forward slash. Branches with bayesian posterior probabilities equal to or higher than 0.95 are given after the forward slash. Newly generated sequences are in bold and red. The tree is rooted at Botryosphaeria dothidea CBS 115476. Ex-type strains are indicated H after strains numbers.
FIGURES 12–15 in Taxonomy and valve ultrastructure of new and interesting freshwater fossil diatoms (Bacillariophyta) of Miocene age from the Espanola Formation of New Mexico, U.S.A. II. Description of a New Grunowia species with comments on the genus
FIGURES 12–15. Grunowia mannii Kociolek & Danz sp. nov. SEM. Valve interior. 12–14. Entire valves, showing differences in valve shape relative to length. Large fibulae and large portules over the raphe canal are evident. 15. View of central nodule showing small, helictoglossa-like center and discontinuous raphe branch. Scale bars = 5 µm (Fig. 12), 4 µm (Fig. 13), 3 µm (Fig. 14), 1 µm (Fig. 15).
FIGURES 1–7 in Taxonomy and valve ultrastructure of new and interesting freshwater fossil diatoms (Bacillariophyta) of Miocene age from the Espanola Formation of New Mexico, U.S.A. II. Description of a New Grunowia species with comments on the genus
FIGURES 1–7. Grunowia mannii Kociolek & Danz sp. nov. LM. Size diminution series. Fig. 1 represents an initial valve. The holotype is presented in fig. 4. Scale bar = 10 µm.
FIGURES 8–11 in Taxonomy and valve ultrastructure of new and interesting freshwater fossil diatoms (Bacillariophyta) of Miocene age from the Espanola Formation of New Mexico, U.S.A. II. Description of a New Grunowia species with comments on the genus
FIGURES 8–11. Grunowia mannii Kociolek & Danz sp. nov. SEM of valve exterior. 8, 9. Valve view showing characteristic shape and distinctly-elevated, raphe-bearing keel. 10. Apex of the valve showing raphe end extending onto the mantle. 11. Central portion of the valve, with raphe branches interrupted. Scale bars = 5 µm (Figs 8, 9), 3 µm (Fig. 10), 2 µm (Fig. 11).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.