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opencc-by-4.0Jul 2024View details →

Computational Artifacts for the Paper "Are Noise-resilient Logical Timers useful for Performance Analysis?"

This repository contains computational artifacts for the paper "Are Noise-resilient Logical Timers useful for Performance Analysis?" to be submitted to <a href="https://sc-protools-workshop.github.io/protools24/">ProTools@SC24.</a> See also the <a href="https://sc24.supercomputing.org/program/papers/reproducibility-initiative/">SC24 reproducibility initiative.</a>   Contains <ul> <li>Source code of <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10822140">Score-P </a>, including implementation of the logical clock algorithm from the paper</li> <li>Software to post-process the Cube files generated by measurements</li> <li>Benchmarks <ul> <li>Source code</li> <li>Configuration skripts</li> <li>Measurement results, including output logs, Cube files</li> <li>Post-processing skripts and results</li> </ul> </li> </ul>

BRAIN Journal-Intelligent Continuous Double Auction method For Service Allocation in Cloud Computing-Figure 6. Comparison on resource utilization.

Figure 6 shows resource utilization in different system loads and as shown in it, in ICDA resource utilization is more efficient than other methods especially in higher system load which is due to tradeoff and sharing factors.

BRAIN Journal-Intelligent Continuous Double Auction method For Service Allocation in Cloud Computing-Figure 3. Sharing and merging effect on successful allocation

Fig (3) shows the effect of merging and sharing resources by auctioneer in term of success rate of allocation. As shown in it, these factors improve successful allocation rate especially in higher system load.

BRAIN Journal-Intelligent Continuous Double Auction method For Service Allocation in Cloud Computing-Figure 2. bid value for time factor

Each consumer is looking for utilizing its requested service with minimum price before its deadline. To utilize a service all required resources should be allocated before deadline and otherwise service failed to utilize and consumer must pay penalty to providers for all other resources which is allocated to it. So Consumer should adjust its bid price rapidly to the acceptable price of the market. Since consumers are generally sensitive to deadline in acquiring requested service, it is intuitive to consider deadline time when formulating the bid price. Consumer agent time dependent bid price formula is determined in.

BRAIN Journal-Intelligent Continuous Double Auction method For Service Allocation in Cloud Computing-Figure 5. Comparison on successful allocation

Figure 5 illustrates comparison of successful allocation rate between ICDA and other methods. In the proposed method, intelligent allocation and also time consideration enable consumers to acquire more resources before the deadline and as a result, the number of successful allocation is higher than other methods.

BRAIN Journal-Intelligent Continuous Double Auction method For Service Allocation in Cloud Computing-Figure 4. Sharing and tradeoff factor effect on resource utilization

In Figure 4 we consider tradeoff and sharing factors in providers. The result illustrates that by using these factors providers improve resource utilization. Higher resource utilization motivates more providers to participate in the cloud and also enables the cloud market to handle more consumers which influences market efficiency.

BRAIN Journal-Intelligent Continuous Double Auction method For Service Allocation in Cloud Computing-Figure 1. Resource allocation schema in proposed method

We assume that the resources allocation satisfies the following conditions: • The quantity of a resource can be measured in arbitrary units (e.g. 60 units of resource A). • A resource can be divided into an arbitrary fraction (e.g. a resource of 60 units is divided into 20 units for consumer 1 and 40 units for consumer 2). • A resource request of a service can be divided into sub-requests and acquired from multiple providers (e.g. a resource request of 40 units utilized as 10 units from provider 1 and 30 units from provider 2). Figure 1 shows a cloud computing environment with the proposed mechanism.

Figure 5. Sensory score and period of storage for processed cheese-Time-Delay Artificial Neural Network Computing Models for Predicting Shelf Life of Processed Cheese

R2 was found to be 96.5 percent of the total variation as explained by sensory scores. Period of storage (days) for which the processed cheese has been in the shelf can be determined based on sensory score (Fig. 5).

Figure 4. Comparison of ASS and PSS for multilayer model R-Time-Delay Artificial Neural Network Computing Models for Predicting Shelf Life of Processed Cheese

TDNN models with single and multi layers were developed taking soluble nitrogen, pH, standard plate count, yeast & mould count, spore count as input parameters, and sensory score as output parameter for predicting the shelf life of processed cheese stored at 30o C. Mean Square Error, Root Mean Square Error, Coefficient of Determination and Nash - Sutcliffo Coefficient were used in order to compare the prediction ability of the developed TDNN models. Regression equations were developed for predicting the shelf life of processed cheese, which came out as 28.25 days. Since, predicted value is close to the experimentally determined shelf life of 30 days, hence from the study it can be concluded that TDNN artificial neural network models are quite efficient in predicting shelf life of processed cheese.

Figure 2. Training pattern of TDNN models-Time-Delay Artificial Neural Network Computing Models for Predicting Shelf Life of Processed Cheese

The Neural Network Toolbox under MATLAB software was used for developing the TDNN models. Training pattern of TDNN models is presented in Fig.2.

Figure 1. Inputs and output parameters for TDNN models-Time-Delay Artificial Neural Network Computing Models for Predicting Shelf Life of Processed Cheese

The data consisted of 36 samples, which were divided into two subsets, i.e., 30 used for training the network and 6 for testing the TDNN models. Soluble nitrogen, pH, standard plate count, yeast & mould count, and spore count were taken as input parameters, and sensory score as output parameter for developing TDNN single and multilayer models (Fig.1).

Figure 3. Comparison of ASS and PSS single layer model-Time-Delay Artificial Neural Network Computing Models for Predicting Shelf Life of Processed Cheese

Q5. Do you believe that the internet can be used with antisocial purpose?-Computer-Mediated Security Threats into the Web 2.0 Society

With a median value of 7 it is obvious that a large part of the sample consider that the Internet can be used in a consistent manner for various antisocial purposes (59.3% evaluated this risk above 7). Even if this is a subjective evaluation, the focusing of answers on the high part of the scale confirms the relevance of this topic. Once again, without a direct experience in the security issues, the users that have answered to the questionnaire recognize that in the digital world can be infiltrated people, contents, information, actions, and applications with less ethical intentions.

Q3. To what extent that information from the Internet should be censored?-Computer-Mediated Security Threats into the Web 2.0 Society

Following this distribution, we can observe that a large part of the subjects (44,7%) consider that the information from the internet should be moderately censored (against various risks and social dangerous). Beside them, 26.6% evaluate that this process should be wider, and 28.7% think it should be lower. These two almost equal groups consolidate the central trend, and reflect a quite important worry concerning this perspective. The Internet has begun as an almost totally free of control medium, a quasi-anarchic structure, a symbol for the freedom of expression for any users. In time, it has become more and more accessible, and a large amount of information has become available inside the Info-sphere. Now, due to some negative consequences, it looks like starting to censure some information is not a prohibitive idea anymore, but rather a desirable one. We want to stress on the fact that the sample was formed by regular users that are not experts in security issues and thus, the recognizing of the importance of having a moderate censuring onto the Internet is a very significant conclusion. With an indirect connection to the previous item, the next question has directly approached a special topic related to the user’s knowledge about the dark web and/or deep web. These represent a quite particularly topic among the Internet users, and represent an area where the IP tracking is difficult or not-possible. Into this kind of sites and applications any user can remain anonymous, no matter what he/she does, posts or accesses.

Q2. How did you evaluate the following statements?-Computer-Mediated Security Threats into the Web 2.0 Society

Following these results we can conclude that 86.2% of the subjects consider that on the Internet can be found any information, but half of them (45.4%) are not so sure on the quality of this information, and this mostly because a lot of information from the Internet is contradictory for 73.4% from subjects. It is very interesting that, despite this high informative profile of the Internet, a quite high level of users (73.4%) appreciate that some information shouldn’t be found on the Internet. Without getting into details, from distributions can be extracted a soft conclusion, that too much information can be used for negative behaviors and actions. Even if they are posted with a non-violent intention, some contents can be used for various dangerous acts, mainly because of their inconsequence toward reality. Nowadays, there are quite few key words that do not generate into the search engine booth type of answers, pros and cons. From buying electronic gadgets to various politicians, public figures or health care, it is very easy to find contradictory information about them. Thus it remains on the experience of the user and on him/her capacity to discern the true from all these irrelevant contents.

Q1. How do you assess the evolution of the Internet in the last 5 years?-Computer-Mediated Security Threats into the Web 2.0 Society

The answers at this question indicated a quasi-total trend of increasing into the evolution of the Internet during the last 5 years (96% for “increased” and “high increased”) with a median value of 5 (corresponding to “high increased”). This public perception is strictly related to the current developing of the Internet applications, utilizations and related behaviors. In accordance with the above theoretical framework can be expected that this extensive evolution will include soon or later various antisocial content and negative manifestation. This is not a compulsory trend but only a natural extension, after the digitalization of almost all regular domains (education, mass-media, transportation, health, public administration, government, culture and so on) the areas of human manifestations that are at the law limits or beyond these will become on-line. At this moment the extension of the Internet is a quite solid fact.

Q4. Have you heard about dark/deep web?-Computer-Mediated Security Threats into the Web 2.0 Society

Around two thirds of the respondents have not heard about dark/deep web. This is not necessary unusual, since the dark/web is usually associated with illicit activities, and is not regularly promoted into the virtual space. On one hand, the lack of information concerning this sensible topic can expose innocent users to various risks related to their presence, identity, private life, all exposed on the Internet. On the other hand, the dark/deep web trend is to cumulate all negative persons, contents, actions, and applications against the personal and public security. If a regular user does not know about these potential risks, he/her might become more vulnerable to the direct threats.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2016View details →

BRAIN Journal-Computational Intelligence in a Human Brain Model-Figure 2. Processes and Interfaces of the SAH Human Brain Model

The proposed SAH Human Brain Model starts assigning the main attributes to the “heavy pieces” (king, queen, rooks, bishops, knights) and assigning to pawns the interfaces as an advanced guard. The interface represents senses and processed human actions (equilibrium, movements, and speech) and it results from the brain activity (see Figure 2).

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2016View details →

BRAIN Journal-Computational Intelligence in a Human Brain Model-Figure 4. Name and role of the Chess Pieces

In assigning the brain function to the computational processing units the strategy of the chess game will be pursued: 1 king – consciousness, mind, resolving undefined situations, undetermined risk analysis, feedback: 1 queen – implementation strategy, thinking, learning; 2 rooks – initial knowledge memory and learning memory; 2 bishops – good or updated, time or emergency decision; 2 knights – rules, open schemes, fixed processes, templates; 8 pawns – interfaces with own senses and actions. Double chess pieces will be assigned in the model with initial knowledge (‘ marked) that can be updated as a learning experience to a second set (“ marked).