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1,199 results for “Ovary”
Effect of acupuncture and metformin on insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin resistance: a three-armed randomized controlled trial
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Prenatal androgen exposure and transgenerational susceptibility to polycystic ovary syndrome
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Data from: Analysis of VEGFA variants and changes in VEGF levels underscores the contribution of VEGF to polycystic ovary syndrome
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Data from: Osteosarcopenia in reproductive-aged women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a multicenter case-control study
<p><span><b>Context:</b> Osteosarcopenia (loss of skeletal muscle and bone mass and/or function usually associated with aging) shares pathophysiological mechanisms with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the relationship between osteosarcopenia and PCOS remains unclear.</span></p> <p><span><b>Objective: </b>We evaluated skeletal muscle index% (SMI%=[appendicular muscle mass/weight {kg}]×100) and bone mineral density (BMD) in PCOS <a name="_Hlk36059693">(hyperandrogenism+oligoamenorrhea), and contrasted these musculoskeletal markers against 3 reproductive phenotypes: (1) HA (hyperandrogenism+eumenorrhea); (2) OA (normoandrogenic+oligoamenorrhea) and, (3) controls (normoandrogenic+eumenorrhea). </a>Endocrine predictors of SMI% and BMD were evaluated across groups.</span></p> <p><span><b>Design, Setting, Participants: </b>Multicenter case-control study of 203 women (18–48y) in New York State.<b> </b></span></p> <p><span><a name="_Hlk36062204"><b>Results:</b></a> PCOS group exhibited reduced SMI% (<a name="_Hlk35952064">mean [95%CI]; 26.2% [25.1,27.3] vs. 28.8% [27.7,29.8])</a>, lower-extremity SMI% (57.6% [56.7,60.0] vs. 62.5% [60.3,64.6]), and BMD (1.11 [1.08,1.14] vs. 1.17 [1.14,1.20] g/cm<sup>2</sup>) compared to controls. PCOS group also had decreased upper (0.72 [0.70,0.74] vs. 0.73 [0.71,0.76] g/cm<sup>2</sup>) and lower (1.13 [1.10,1.16] vs. 1.15 [1.12,1.18] g/cm<sup>2</sup>) limb BMD compared to HA. Matsuda index was lower in PCOS vs. controls and positively associated with SMI% in all groups (All:P≤0.05). Only controls showed associations between insulin-like-growth-factor-1 (IGF-1) and upper (r=0.84) and lower (r=0.72) limb BMD (All:P<0.01). Unlike in PCOS, IGF binding-protein-2 was associated with SMI% in controls (r=0.45) and HA (r=0.67), and with upper limb BMD (r=0.98) in HA (All:P<0.05).</span></p> <p><b>Conclusions: </b>Women with<b> </b>PCOS exhibit early signs of osteosarcopenia compared to controls likely attributed to disrupted insulin function. Understanding the degree of musculoskeletal deterioration in PCOS is critical for implementing targeted interventions that prevent and delay osteosarcopenia in this clinical population.</p>
Full summary statistics of mixQTL for GTEx v8 Ovary
The mixQTL method is described in paper doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.22.050666. Please cite the original paper if using the data.
Data from: General and species-specific impacts of a neonicotinoid insecticide on the ovary development and feeding of wild bumblebee queens
Bumblebees are essential pollinators of crops and wild plants, but are in decline across the globe. Neonicotinoid pesticides have been implicated as a potential driver of these declines, but most of our evidence base comes from studies of a single species. There is an urgent need to understand whether such results can be generalized across a range of species. Here, we present results of a laboratory experiment testing the impacts of field-relevant doses (1.87–5.32 ppb) of the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam on spring-caught wild queens of four bumblebee species: Bombus terrestris, B. lucorum, B. pratorum and B. pascuorum. Two weeks of exposure to the higher concentration of thiamethoxam caused a reduction in feeding in two out of four species, suggesting species-specific anti-feedant, repellency or toxicity effects. The higher level of thiamethoxam exposure resulted in a reduction in the average length of terminal oocytes in queens of all four species. In addition to providing the first evidence for general effects of neonicotinoids on ovary development in multiple species of wild bumblebee queens, the discovery of species-specific effects on feeding has significant implications for current practices and policy for pesticide risk assessment and use.
Data from: Combined exposure to sublethal concentrations of an insecticide and a fungicide affect feeding, ovary development and longevity in a solitary bee
Pollinators in agroecosystems are often exposed to pesticide mixtures. Even at low concentrations, the effects of these mixtures on bee populations are difficult to predict due to potential synergistic interactions. We orally exposed newly-emerged females of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis to environmentally-realistic levels of clothianidin (neonicotinoid insecticide) and propiconazole (fungicide), singly and in combination. The amount of feeding solution consumed was highest in bees exposed to the neonicotinoid, and lowest in bees exposed to the pesticide mixture. Ovary maturation and longevity of bees of the neonicotinoid and the fungicide treatments did not differ from those of control bees. In contrast, bees exposed to the pesticide mixture showed slow ovary maturation and decreased longevity. We found a synergistic interaction between the neonicotinoid and the fungicide on survival probability. We also found an interaction between treatment and emergence time (an indicator of physiological condition) on longevity. Longevity was negatively correlated to physiological condition only in the fungicide and the mixture treatments. Delayed ovary maturation and premature death imply a shortened nesting period (highly correlated to fecundity in Osmia). Our findings provide a mechanism to explain the observed dynamics of solitary bee populations exposed to multiple chemical residues in agricultural environments.
The Influence of Study Quality, Age, and Geographic Factors on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Prevalence-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Supplemental data)
<p><strong><span>Supplemnatray data for manuscript tentatively entitled "The Influence of Study Quality, Age, and Geographic Factors on </span></strong><strong><span>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Prevalence</span></strong><strong><span>-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", including: </span></strong></p> <p><strong><span>Supplementary Table 1.</span></strong><span> Search strategy and its results including studies published until February 29<sup>th</sup> of 2024.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Supplementary Table 2.</span></strong><span> The quality assessment results of studies conducted on adults based on the Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Epidemiology and Phenotype (PEP) tool. </span></p> <p><strong><span>Supplementary Table 3.</span></strong><span> The quality assessment results of studies conducted on adolescents based on <a name="_Hlk176077530"></a>the Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Epidemiology and Phenotype (PEP) tool. </span></p> <p><strong><span>Supplementary Table 4.</span></strong><span> The quality assessment results of studies conducted on mixed populations (both adults and adolescents) based on PCOS Epidemiology and Phenotype (PEP) tool. </span></p> <p><strong><span>Supplementary Figure 1 (A-D). </span></strong><span>Forest plots of global PCOS prevalence stratified by diagnostic criteria (regardless of study quality, age group, and geographic region): A) NIH, B) Rotterdam, C) AE-PCOS, D) Self-report: A) NIH, B) Rotterdam, C) AE-PCOS, D) Self-report.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Supplementary Figure 2 (A-C</span></strong><span>). Forest plots of global PCOS prevalence stratified by WHO region and diagnostic criteria (regardless of study quality and age group): A) NIH, B) Rotterdam, C) AE-PCOS.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Supplementary Figure 3 (A-C).</span></strong><span> </span><a name="_Hlk174390393"></a><span>Forest plots of PCOS prevalence stratified by diagnostic criteria and age group (adults vs. adolescent) (regardless of study quality): A) NIH, B) Rotterdam, C) AE-PCOS.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Supplementary Figure 4 (A-C).</span></strong><span> Sensitivity Analysis based on high-quality studies: Impact of individual study exclusion on pooled prevalence</span> <span>(using high-quality studies only)- A) NIH, B) Rotterdam, C) AE-PCOS.</span></p>
Text-fig. 6. SRXTM images of Miranthus elegans gen. et sp. nov.; Mira locality, Portugal. a: Volume rendering of flower in apical view showing five narrow calyx lobes; note that the apical part of the five-angled style is sealed (arrow). b: Volume rendering of flower (cut at orthoslice xy0796) showing transverse sections of calyx lobes with three distinct bundles indicated by arrows in one of the lobes, ovary wall (ow) and central placenta (pl) bearing numerous ovules (ov). c, d: Transverse sections of style (c, orthoslice xy0153; d, orthoslice xy0222) showing five angled form, sealed near apex (c) and with prominent central canal further farther down (d). e: Volume rendering of flower (cut at orthoslice xz1024) in longitudinal section showing calyx, semi-inferior ovary with ovary wall (ow), and central placenta (pl) bearing numerous ovules (ov). Specimen, Mira 100-S153145 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 µm (a, b, e), 100 µm (c, d). in Early Flowers Of Primuloid Ericales From The Late Cretaceous Of Portugal And Their Ecological And Phytogeographic Implications
Text-fig. 6. SRXTM images of Miranthus elegans gen. et sp. nov.; Mira locality, Portugal. a: Volume rendering of flower in apical view showing five narrow calyx lobes; note that the apical part of the five-angled style is sealed (arrow). b: Volume rendering of flower (cut at orthoslice xy0796) showing transverse sections of calyx lobes with three distinct bundles indicated by arrows in one of the lobes, ovary wall (ow) and central placenta (pl) bearing numerous ovules (ov). c, d: Transverse sections of style (c, orthoslice xy0153; d, orthoslice xy0222) showing five angled form, sealed near apex (c) and with prominent central canal further farther down (d). e: Volume rendering of flower (cut at orthoslice xz1024) in longitudinal section showing calyx, semi-inferior ovary with ovary wall (ow), and central placenta (pl) bearing numerous ovules (ov). Specimen, Mira 100-S153145 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 µm (a, b, e), 100 µm (c, d).
Text-fig. 4. SRXTM images of Miranthus elegans gen. et sp. nov.; Mira locality, Portugal. a, b: Transverse (a) and longitudinal (b) sections of flower showing the ovary wall (ow) and numerous ovules (ov) borne on the mushroom-shaped central globose placenta (pl, blue); placenta shown as a voltex rendering added to orthoslices; note the large openings in the floral tissue (asterisks) interpreted as schizogenous secretory cavities. c, d: Longitudinal (c) and transverse (d) sections of flower (c, volume rendering cut between orthoslice yz0970-1005; d, volume rendering cut between orthoslice xy0780-0820) showing semiinferior ovary (ow, ovary wall) with sepals inserted at the rim of the hypanthium, central column (cc) with mushroom-shaped globose placenta (pl) bearing numerous ovules (ov). Specimens, Mira 100-S153146 (a, b), Mira 100-S170155 (c, d, holotype). Scale bars = 600 µm (a–d). in Early Flowers Of Primuloid Ericales From The Late Cretaceous Of Portugal And Their Ecological And Phytogeographic Implications
Text-fig. 4. SRXTM images of Miranthus elegans gen. et sp. nov.; Mira locality, Portugal. a, b: Transverse (a) and longitudinal (b) sections of flower showing the ovary wall (ow) and numerous ovules (ov) borne on the mushroom-shaped central globose placenta (pl, blue); placenta shown as a voltex rendering added to orthoslices; note the large openings in the floral tissue (asterisks) interpreted as schizogenous secretory cavities. c, d: Longitudinal (c) and transverse (d) sections of flower (c, volume rendering cut between orthoslice yz0970-1005; d, volume rendering cut between orthoslice xy0780-0820) showing semiinferior ovary (ow, ovary wall) with sepals inserted at the rim of the hypanthium, central column (cc) with mushroom-shaped globose placenta (pl) bearing numerous ovules (ov). Specimens, Mira 100-S153146 (a, b), Mira 100-S170155 (c, d, holotype). Scale bars = 600 µm (a–d).
Fig. 3 in Characterization of the ovary fatty acids composition of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard) (Teleostei: Siluriformes), throughout their reproductive cycle
Fig. 3. Composition of fatty acids 20:4 n-6 (ARA), 20:5 n-3 (EPA) and 22:6 n-3 (DHA) and n-3/n-6, EPA/ARA relations and unsaturated fatty acids (UFA)/ saturated fatty acids (SFA) observed in Rhamdia quelen ovaries captured in different seasons: spring (dark gray), summer (black), winter (light gray) and autumn (white), and grouped according to their gonadal maturation stage (GMS) Immature = I, GMS II and III = GMS in maturation and GMS IV = Mature. 1 Different letter for the same fatty acid or fatty acids relation indicate significant differences at a significance level of 5%.2 In winter females in stages of gonadal maturation I and IV, in spring females in stage of gonadal maturation I and in fall females in stage of gonadal maturation IV were not collected.
Figure 4 in Biochemical composition of the hemolymph, hepatopancreas, ovary, and muscle during ovarian maturation in the penaeid shrimps Fenneropenaeus merguiensis and F. penicillatus (Crustacea: Decapoda)
Figure 4. Mean ± standard deviation of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates in the ovaries of F. penicillatus in different stages of maturation. Logarithmic ovary protein, lipid, and carbohydrate regressed against logarithmic GSI. Means with different letters are significantly different at P <0.05.
Figure 5 in Biochemical composition of the hemolymph, hepatopancreas, ovary, and muscle during ovarian maturation in the penaeid shrimps Fenneropenaeus merguiensis and F. penicillatus (Crustacea: Decapoda)
Figure 5. Mean ± standard deviation of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates in the hepatopancreas of F. merguiensis in different stages of maturation. Logarithmic hepatopancreas protein, lipid, and carbohydrate regressed against logarithmic GSI. Means with different letters are significantly different at P <0.05.
Data from: An investigation of the therapeutic effects of statins with metformin on polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Objectives: To investigate the therapeutic effects of statins with metformin on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Settings: Endocrinology department. Participants: MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched until October 2014. Studies comparing statins and placebo, as well as the combination of statins and metformin and metformin alone, were included in the analysis. Interventions: Data were independently extracted by two researchers; any convergence was resolved by a third reviewer. Primary and secondary outcome measures: The following properties were extracted from the qualified trials to identify the effects of statins: clinical variables, metabolic characteristics, hormone outcomes, sign of inflammation, glucose parameters and insulin outcomes. Results: Data from four trials comparing statin and metformin with metformin alone were analysed. The combination of statins and metformin decreases the levels of C reactive protein (standardised mean difference (SMD) −0.91; 95% CI −1.81 to −0.02; p=0.046), triglyceride (SMD −1.37; 95% CI −2.46 to −0.28; p=0.014), total cholesterol (SMD −1.28; 95% CI −1.59 to −0.97; p=0.000) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (SMD −0.74; 95% CI −1.03 to −0.44; p=0.000). However, the combined therapy fails to reduce fasting insulin (SMD −0.92; 95% CI −2.07 to 0.24; p=0.120), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (SMD −1.15; 95% CI −3.36 to 1.06; p=0.309) and total testosterone (SMD −1.12; 95% CI −2.29 to 0.05; p=0.061). Analysis of the five trials comparing statin with placebo shows that statin monotherapy reduces LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and total cholesterol. Conclusions: Combined statin and metformin therapy can improve lipid and inflammation parameters, but cannot effectively improve insulin sensitivity and reduce hyperandrogenism in women with PCOS. A large-scale randomised controlled study must be conducted to ascertain the long-term effects of the therapy.
Health care-related economic burden of polycystic ovary syndrome in the United States: Pregnancy-related and long-term health consequences - supplemental data
<p><b>Context: </b>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder of reproductive-aged women, affecting approximately 5-20% of women of reproductive age. A previous estimate noted that the economic burden of PCOS approximates $3.7 billion annually in 2020 USD when considering only the costs of the initial diagnosis and of reproductive endocrine morbidities, not considering the costs of pregnancy-related and long-term morbidities.</p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Objective: </b>To estimate the excess prevalence and economic burden of pregnancy-related and long-term health morbidities attributable to PCOS.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Data Sources: </b>PubMed, EmBase and Cochrane Library.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Study Selection: </b>Studies in which the diagnosis of PCOS was consistent with the Rotterdam, National Institutes of Health (NIH), or Androgen Excess & PCOS (AE-PCOS) Society criteria, or that used electronic medical record diagnosis codes, or diagnosis based on histopathologic sampling were eligible for inclusion. Studies that included an outcome of interest and a control group of non-PCOS patients who were matched or controlled for body mass index (BMI) were included. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Data Extraction: </b>Two investigators working independently extracted data on study characteristics and outcomes. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Data Synthesis: </b>Data was pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. The I <sup>2 </sup>statistic was used to assess inter-study heterogeneity. The quality of selected studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Results: </b>The additional total healthcare-related economic burden due to pregnancy-related and long-term morbidities associated with PCOS in the United States is estimated to be $4.3 billion annually in 2020 USD.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Figure 8 in Position and development of oocytes in velvet worms shed light on the evolution of the ovary in Onychophora and Arthropoda
Figure 8. Origin and fate of primordial germ cells in Epiperipatus biolleyi (A, B) and Opisthopatus roseus (C, D). Transmission electron micrographs. A, primordial germ cells (pgc) that occur as an unpaired cluster of cells at the posterior end of an early segmenting embryo. Inset shows the position of the cluster (arrow) in a slightly older elongating embryo. B, horizontal section of a coelomic cavity with primordial germ cells associated with the visceral coelomic lining (cl) in an embryo with a full number of somites developed. Anterior is up, mid-line is left. C, horizontal section of a coelomic lining with associated primordial germ cells in an embryo with the full number of somites. D, detail of a primordial germ cell, which is covered by slender processes of coelomic lining cells towards the coelomic cavity (co). Arrowhead indicates an apical junction. Abbreviations: bc, primary body cavity; cl, coelomic lining cells; co, coelomic cavity; en, endoderm; mt, mitochondria; nu, nucleus; pgc, primordial germ cells.
Figure 2 in Position and development of oocytes in velvet worms shed light on the evolution of the ovary in Onychophora and Arthropoda
Figure 2. External organization of the three major types of ovaries and associated structures in Onychophora. Scanning electron micrographs, ventral view, anterior upmost. A, exogenous ovary of Peripatopsis balfouri (Peripatopsidae, South Africa). Arrowheads indicate 'grape-like', stalked oocytes projecting from the ovarian surface. B, pseudoendogenous ovary of Metaperipatus inae (Peripatopsidae, Chile). Note the absence of stalked oocytes on the ovarian surface, which consequently appears smooth. C, endogenous ovary of Epiperipatus biolleyi (Peripatidae, Costa Rica) with a smooth ovarian surface. Abbreviations: lg, suspensory ligament; od, oviduct; of, ovarian funnel; ov, ovary; rs, seminal receptacle.
Low-dose pioglitazone for polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescent girls: differential fat-mass redistribution by HOTAIR rs1443512 genotype
<p>HOTAIR data</p>
Low-dose pioglitazone for polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescent girls: differential fat-mass redistribution by HOTAIR rs1443512 genotype
<p>HOTAIR data</p>
BRCA 1/2 Status as a Predictive Factor to Response to Platinum Based Chemotherapy in Cancer Ovary
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06304922. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 11.
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