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FIG. 23 in Systematics Of The Short-Tailed Whipscorpion Genus Stenochrus Chamberlin, 1922 (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae), With Descriptions Of Six New Genera And Five New Species

FIG. 23. Short-tailed whipscorpions (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae Cook, 1899), pygidial flagellum, dorsal (A, D, G), lateral (B, E, H) and ventral (C, F, I) views. A–C. Schizophyxia lukensi (Rowland, 1973), comb. nov., ♂ (CNAN Sz25). D–F. Stenochrus gruta Monjaraz-Ruedas and Francke, 2018, ♂ (CNAN T1155). G–I. Troglostenochrus valdezi (Monjaraz-Ruedas, 2012), comb. nov., ♂ (CNAN T698). Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIG. 21 in Systematics Of The Short-Tailed Whipscorpion Genus Stenochrus Chamberlin, 1922 (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae), With Descriptions Of Six New Genera And Five New Species

FIG. 21. Short-tailed whipscorpions (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae Cook, 1899), pygidial flagellum, dorsal (A, D, G, J), lateral (B, E, H, K) and ventral (C, F, I, L) views. A–C. Heteroschizomus goodnightorum Rowland, 1973, stat. rev., ♀ (CNAN Sz171). D–F. Heteroschizomus kekchi, sp. nov., ♀ (CNAN T1281). G–I. Nahual bokmai, sp. nov., ♀ (CNAN T1283). J–L. Nahual lanceolatus (Rowland, 1975), comb. nov., ♀ (CNAN Sz130). Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIG. 4 in Systematics Of The Short-Tailed Whipscorpion Genus Stenochrus Chamberlin, 1922 (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae), With Descriptions Of Six New Genera And Five New Species

FIG. 4. Map of southern Mexico, plotting known locality records for the short-tailed whipscorpion genera Heteroschizomus Rowland, 1973, stat. rev. (circles), and Troglostenochrus, gen. nov. (squares) (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae Cook, 1899), based on data from museum collections and the literature.

FIG. 13 in Systematics Of The Short-Tailed Whipscorpion Genus Stenochrus Chamberlin, 1922 (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae), With Descriptions Of Six New Genera And Five New Species

FIG. 13. Short-tailed whipscorpions (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae Cook, 1899), chelicerae, prolateral view: A. Ambulantactus aquismon, sp. nov., ♂ (CNAN T1294). B. Ambulantactus montielae, sp. nov., ♂ (CNAN T1291). C. Baalrog magico (Monjaraz-Ruedas and Francke, 2018), comb. nov., ♂ (CNAN T1163). D. Harveyus contrerasi, sp. nov., ♂ (CNAN T1276). E. Heteroschizomus kekchi, sp. nov., ♂ (CNAN T1280). F. Nahual bokmai, sp. nov., ♂ (CNAN T1282). G. Schizophyxia lukensi (Rowland, 1973), comb. nov., ♂ (CNAN Sz25). H. Stenochrus gruta Monjaraz-Ruedas and Francke, 2018, ♂ (CNAN T1155). I. Troglostenochrus valdezi (Monjaraz-Ruedas, 2012), comb. nov., ♂ (CNAN T698). Scale bars = 200 µm.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Database of Socio-environmental conflicts and mining tailings in Chile

By searching for protest events in online media, this database was built with 99 cases of protests associated with mining tailings in Chile. It is the first database of its kind in Latin America. It was elaborated under the auspices of the Thesis project to obtain a Master's degree in Political Science at the University of Chile, partially funded by the Center for the Study of Conflict and Social Cohesion (ANID/FONDAP 15130009).

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2023View details →

Data from: Assessing the reproductive consequences of mate retention and pair bond duration in Thorn-tailed Rayadito (Aphrastura spinicauda), a short-lived, socially monogamous Neotropical bird

Description for "PairingData_Aspinicauda.xlsx" file. Data from: Assessing the reproductive consequences of mate retention and pair bond duration in Thorn-tailed Rayadito (Aphrastura spinicauda), a short-lived, socially monogamous Neotropical bird MS Reference Number: IBIS-2022-OA-113.R2 Article DOI: 10.1111/ibi.13183 Please address questions to: Esteban Botero D. Guest Scientist Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Dep. Behavioural Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics Eberhard-Gwinner-Str. 8 82319 Seewiesen, Germany Telephone: +49 8157 932453 http://www.orn.mpg.de/en e-mail: eboterod@gmail.com; ebotero@orn.mpg.de ===================================================================================== ===================================================================================== General information: The whole dataset contains breeding data collected from a population of the furnariid Thorn-tailed rayadito (Aphrastura spinicauda) in north-central Chile (Fray Jorge National Park; 30º38’S, 71º40’W). These data were collected during 2009–2017 as part of a long-term study on the breeding biology of rayaditos. In this study, data were used to evaluate the consequences of mate replacement versus mate retention using 243 breeding attempts made by 159 different breeding pairs. This, in the end, allowed to test whether successive remating conferred reproductive benefits to reunited pairs. The data set is comprised by an Excel file (three spreadsheets) that are explained below. ************************************************************************************* Excel file "PairingData_Aspinicauda.xlsx" (created 11-01-2023) ********** Spreadsheet "1. AllPairs" ********** This spreadsheet contains information from all breeding attempts monitored during the study (n = 243). Each row correspond to a unique breeding attempt. The ring number is used as an ID for each individual. The matrix includes information regarding individual and pair identification, age, previous breeding status (whether an individual is a widow or a divorcee), current pairing status (whether is a newly formed pair or a reunited pair), number of seasons breeding together for each pair, confidence on pairing information for each pair (high: there was absolute confidence on the previous breeding status of both members of a breeding pair; low: when information on previous breeding status was missing for at least one of the members of a pair), and measures of reproductive success (laying day, clutch size, umber of fledglings produced). This dataset can be saved as a *.txt file so that it can be imported into R (R Core Team 2020). The matrix contains the following variables: VARIABLE        DESCRIPTION Year        Sampling year. Box        Nestbox code. FID        ID for the breeding female. FMAge        Age for each breeding female (yearling: 1; adult: 2). SocMID        ID for the breeding male (social father of the clutch). SocMaAge    Age for each breeding male. PairID        ID for the breeding pair. This is for indexing purposes. FPaSta        Previous breeding status of the female (Wid: widow; Div: divorcee; Reu: reunited). MPaSta        Previous breeding status of the male (Wid: widow; Div: divorcee; Reu: reunited). PairSta        Pairing status for the focal breeding pair (New: newly formed; Reunited: reunited). PairSea        No. of seasons breeding together for each pair. Certainty    Certainty on previous breeding status (High or Low; see explanation above). LayingD        Laying date (number of days in relation to date of first egg in the population). ClutchS        Clutch size. NoFle        Number of fledging produced. ********** Spreadsheet "2. WidowFBre" ********** This spreadsheet contains breeding information for females that were monitored in the years before and after mate loss. The matrix contains the following variables: VARIABLE        DESCRIPTION Year        Sampling year. Box        Nestbox code. FID        ID for the breeding female. LayingD        Laying date during year after mate loss. ClutchS        Clutch size during year after mate loss. NoFle        Number of fledging produced during year after mate loss. FPaSta        Previous breeding status of the female (Wid: widow; Div: divorcee; Reu: reunited). LayingD_x.1    Laying date during year before mate loss (year x-1). ClutchS_x.1    Clutch size during year before mate loss (year x-1). NoFle_x.1    Number of fledging produced during year before mate loss (year x-1). ********** Spreadsheet "3. WidowMBre" ********** This spreadsheet contains breeding information for males that were monitored in the years before and after mate loss. The matrix contains the following variables: VARIABLE        DESCRIPTION Year        Sampling year. Box        Nestbox code. SocMID        ID for the breeding male. LayingD        Laying date during year after mate loss. NoFle        Number of fledging produced during year after mate loss. MPaSta        Previous breeding status of the female (Wid: widow; Div: divorcee; Reu: reunited). LayingD_x.1    Laying date during year before mate loss (year x-1). NoFle_x.1    Number of fledging produced during year before mate loss (year x-1). ************************************************************************************* ===================================================================================== Methodological information (for more details, please see the related manuscript): A total of 101–157 nestboxes were installed in Fray Jorge since 2007, and are monitored annually during September–December. We gathered data on reproductive phenology and productivity during 2008–2017 for all nestbox occupants. Nestboxes were initially visited every 3–5 days to detect nest building. Once nestboxes were occupied, we increased the frequency of visits to record data on laying date, clutch size, and the number of hatchlings and fledglings produced (see more details in Botero-Delgadillo et al. 2017). We captured and marked breeding adults and nestlings with numbered aluminium rings when nestlings were 12–14 days old. Additionally, we used mist nets to capture adult birds breeding in natural cavities in our study site. A total of 248 adults (132 females, 116 males) and 730 nestlings were marked. For all nests that were monitored, we marked ~90% of all breeding adults every year. We used data from a total of 243 breeding attempts made by 159 breeding pairs captured during 2009–2017 to describe mating patterns in the study population, including: (i) the duration of social bonds for all breeding pairs formed during the study; (ii) the proportion of newly formed and remated pairs found during the entire study period and during each year; and (iii) the proportion of divorce versus mate loss causing pair dissolution. The consequences of mate retention and successive remating were evaluated by performing mixed-effects models in the lme4 package (Bates et al. 2015) in the free software R 4.0.2 (R Core Team 2020). To assess whether reproductive success was higher for remated pairs than for newly formed pairs, we tested for the effects of pairing status (newly formed vs. remated) on measures of breeding productivity. Linear models were fit for laying date, clutch size, and number of fledglings produced. To control for between-season variation in reproductive output, we calculated Z-scores for all numeric response variables using the mean and standard deviation for each year. All models included age class of both members of a breeding pair as covariates (yearling vs. adult), and female, male and pair ID as random intercepts. First, we performed analyses on the complete set of 243 breeding attempts, and subsequently repeated the analyses on a reduced subset of data that only contained pairs whose previous pairing status was known with certainty (n = 159). This allowed to evaluate potential bias in our results, given that the complete dataset included pairs misclassified as “newly formed”, because the previous pairing status of older individuals that we captured for the first time is unknown. We also investigated whether individuals experienced reduced reproductive success after mate replacement. To test this, we compared breeding productivity of individuals in the years before and after mate loss. We focused the analysis on widowed birds, as the frequency of divorced individuals was low in the study population. We used linear mixed-effects models that included data on laying date, clutch size, and number of fledglings produced as response variables. Each sex was tested separately, with clutch size being evaluated only for females. We included the breeding season as predictor (year x vs. x-1), and entered individual ID as a random intercept. Lastly, to evaluate whether successive remating influenced reproductive success, we used data on pairs that bred more than once together during the study (n = 132). Linear mixed-effects models were fitted to assess the effect of the number of seasons breeding together on laying date, clutch size, and number of fledglings produced. Between-season effects were controlled as described above, while the number of seasons breeding together (range: 1–6) was introduced as predictor. Given the skewed distribution of the number of seasons breeding together in this dataset (one = 36%; two = 36%; three = 17%; four = 8%; five = 2%; six = 1%), and the possibility that its effect on reproductive success might not be linear, a dummy variable indicating whether an observation belonged to the first breeding attempt (first attempt vs. after-first attempt) was also entered as predictor. Models included female and male age class as covariates, and pair ID as a random intercept. References: Botero-Delgadillo, E., Quirici, V., Poblete, Y., Cuevas, E., Kuhn, S., Girg, A., Teltscher, K., Poulin, E., Kempenaers, B., & Vásquez, R. A. (2017). Variation in fine-scale genetic structure and local dispersal patterns between peripheral populations of a South American passerine bird. Ecology and Evolution, 7(20), 8363–8378. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3342 Bates, D., Maechler, M., Bolker, B., & Walker, S. 2015. Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. J. Stat. Soft. 67: 1–48. R Core Team. (2020). R: a language and environment for statistical computing, version 4.0.2. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, http://www.R.project.org ===================================================================================== =====================================================================================

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Data for: Coordination of care is facilitated by delayed feeding and collective arrivals in the long-tailed tit

When multiple carers invest in a shared brood, there is likely to be conflict among individuals over how much each carer invests. This conflict results in suboptimal investment to the detriment of all carers. It has been proposed that conditional cooperation, i.e. 'turn-taking' or 'alternation', may resolve this conflict by preventing exploitation. This contentious idea has received some empirical support, but distinguishing active alternation from that expected via passive processes has proved challenging. The aim of this study was to use detailed observations of provisioning to examine whether carers at biparental (parents only) and cooperative (parents and helpers) nests of the long-tailed tit Aegithalos caudatus behave in a context-dependent manner that enhances the level of alternation. First, we show that carers who had been the last to feed waited near the nest (loitering) for longer before feeding when they next arrived at the nest and allowed others to feed first, thus facilitating alternation. Secondly, we found that the arrival of carers near the nest and their subsequent feeds were tightly synchronised, with overlapping loitering periods, allowing them to monitor the effort of other carers. Finally, we show that measures of coordination were influenced by carers arriving in a status-dependent order, with breeding females consistently arriving first and helpers last. Together, these results show how patterns of alternation and synchrony arise in long-tailed tits and reveal the behavioural mechanisms underpinning coordination of care.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Expanded distribution and predicted suitable habitat for the critically endangered yellow-tailed woolly monkey (Lagothrix flavicauda) in Peru

The Tropical Andes Biodiversity Hotspot holds a remarkable number of species at risk of extinction due to anthropogenic habitat loss, hunting and climate change. One of these species, the Critically Endangered yellow-tailed woolly monkey (Lagothrix flavicauda), was recently sighted in Junín region, 206 kilometres south of its previously known distribution. The range extension, combined with continued habitat loss, calls for a re-evaluation of the species' distribution and available suitable habitat. Here, we present novel data from surveys at 53 sites in the regions of Junín, Cerro de Pasco, Ayacucho and Cusco. We encountered L. flavicauda at 9 sites, all in Junín, and the congeneric L. l. tschudii at 20 sites, but never in sympatry. Using these new localities along with all previous geographic localities for the species, we made predictive Species Distribution Models based on Ecological Niche Modelling using a generalized linear model and maximum entropy. Each model incorporated bioclimatic variables, forest cover, vegetation measurements, and elevation as predictor variables. Model evaluation showed >80% accuracy for all measures. Precipitation was the strongest predicter of species presence. Habitat suitability maps illustrate potential corridors for gene flow between the southern and northern populations, although much of this area is inhabited by L. l. tschudii. An analysis of the current protected area (PA) network showed ~47% of remaining suitable habitat is unprotected. With this, we suggest priority areas for new protected areas or expansions to existing reserves that would conserve potential corridors between L. flavicauda populations. Further surveys and characterization of the distribution in intermediate areas, combined with studies on genetic flow, are still needed to protect this species.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2010View details →

Figure |. Hystrignathus splendidus sp. n. female. A Esophageal region, lateral view. B Cephalic end, internal view C Cephalic end, external view D Spines at level of the end of procorpus E Tail, lateral view F Vulva, lateral view G Egg. H Genital tract I Habitus, lateral view. in Two new species of nematode (Oxyurida, Hystrignathidae) parasites of Passalus interstitialis Escholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera, Passalidae) from Cuba and a new locality for Longior similis Morffe, Garcia & Ventosa, 2009

Figure |. Hystrignathus splendidus sp. n. female. A Esophageal region, lateral view. B Cephalic end, internal view C Cephalic end, external view D Spines at level of the end of procorpus E Tail, lateral view F Vulva, lateral view G Egg. H Genital tract I Habitus, lateral view.

opencc-zeroMay 2023View details →

Density-habitat relationships of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Finland

In heterogeneous landscapes, resource selection constitutes a crucial link between landscape and population-level processes such as density. We conducted a non-invasive genetic study of white-tailed deer in southern Finland in 2016 and 2017 using fecal DNA samples to understand factors influencing white-tailed deer density and space use in late summer prior to the hunting season. We estimated deer density as a function of landcover types using a spatial capture-recapture (SCR) model with individual identities established using microsatellite markers. The study revealed second-order habitat selection with highest deer densities in fields and mixed forest, and third-order habitat selection (detection probability) for transitional woodlands (clear-cuts) and closeness to fields. Including landscape heterogeneity improved model fit and increased inferred total density compared with models assuming a homogenous landscape. Our findings underline the importance of including habitat covariates when estimating density and exemplifies that resource selection can be studied using non-invasive methods.

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Refseq tailed phages

5172 tailed phage genomes downloaded from Genbank on 10 May 2023

opencc-by-4.0Dec 1979View details →

Fig. Ñ - Enchodelus (Enchodelus) distinctus n. (A). (B) Head end, (C) Head end showing amphid. (D) Expanded part of oesophagus, (E) Posterior female sexual branch. (F) Female tail end. in A REVIEW OF THE GENUS ENCHODELUS THORNE, 1939 WITH DESCRIPTIONS -OF SPECIES FROM INDIA

Fig. Ñ - Enchodelus (Enchodelus) distinctus n. (A). (B) Head end, (C) Head end showing amphid. (D) Expanded part of oesophagus, (E) Posterior female sexual branch. (F) Female tail end.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 1979View details →

- Enchodelus (Enchodelus) microdoroides (A) Entire female. (B) Entire male, Clã! Ã Fig.2 I IÉ' B' In' (C) Head end. (D) Head end (dorsoventral), (E) Head end showing amphid. (F) Expanded part of oesophagus, (G) Posterior female sexual branch, (H & I) Female tail ends, (J) Male tail end, (K) Spicule. in A REVIEW OF THE GENUS ENCHODELUS THORNE, 1939 WITH DESCRIPTIONS -OF SPECIES FROM INDIA

- Enchodelus (Enchodelus) microdoroides (A) Entire female. (B) Entire male, Clã! Ã Fig.2 I IÉ' B' In' (C) Head end. (D) Head end (dorsoventral), (E) Head end showing amphid. (F) Expanded part of oesophagus, (G) Posterior female sexual branch, (H & I) Female tail ends, (J) Male tail end, (K) Spicule.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 1979View details →

Ú-ÑI Ê Fig. 5 - Enchodelus (Paraenchodelus) constrictus (A) Entire female, (B) Entire male, (C) Head end, (D) Head end showing amphid. (E) Expanded part of oesophagus. (F) Posterior female sexual branch. (G & H) Female tail ends. (î) \Ãolnftail Dflfı Ü) Spicule. in A REVIEW OF THE GENUS ENCHODELUS THORNE, 1939 WITH DESCRIPTIONS -OF SPECIES FROM INDIA

Ú-ÑI Ê Fig. 5 - Enchodelus (Paraenchodelus) constrictus (A) Entire female, (B) Entire male, (C) Head end, (D) Head end showing amphid. (E) Expanded part of oesophagus. (F) Posterior female sexual branch. (G & H) Female tail ends. (î) \Ãolnftail Dflfı Ü) Spicule.

opencc-zeroAug 2023View details →

Data for: Experimental variation of perceived predation risk does not influence coordination of parental care in the long-tailed tit

To maximise fitness, parents should optimise their investment in each breeding attempt. When there are multiple carers, the fitness of each individual may also depend on the relative timing of their investment, with coordination of care hypothesised to maximise its efficiency and reduce predation risk. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that carers coordinate provisioning as an antipredator measure that reduces the time that a brood's location is advertised to predators ('predation hypothesis'). We presented predatory and non-predatory model birds to provisioning long-tailed tit Aegithalos caudatus parents and helpers, predicting that coordination would increase, and carer activity near the nest would decrease following predator presentation, relative to controls. First, carers reduced provisioning rates and took longer to resume provisioning following the predator presentation. Second, contrary to predictions, we found no significant change in any metric of coordination following predator presentations, relative to controls. Moreover, following predator presentation carers spent more time near the nest, resulting in greater near-nest activity compared to controls. In conclusion, although provisioning long-tailed tits are sensitive to perceived predation risk, our findings do not support the prediction of the predation hypothesis that carers adjust coordination behaviour in response to that threat.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2014View details →

Fig. 1 in Records of European free-tailed bat Tadarida teniotis (Rafinesque, 1814) (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in Bulgaria

Fig. 1. Sonogram of echolocation calls of a group of emerging from the daily roost European free-tailed bats (Tadarida teniotis) near Madzharovo town.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2021View details →

Figure 1 in Accumulation of chromium, cadmium and arsenic in white-tailed sea-eagle feathers ( Haliaeetus albicilla) from the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve and surrounding (Romania)

Figure 1. Geographical distribution of sampling points for WtSe (Haliaeetus albicilla) from DDBR and the surrounding areas.

publicFeb 2023View details →

Data for: Coordination of care is facilitated by delayed feeding and collective arrivals in the long-tailed tit

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publicOct 2024View details →

Remote sensing and GPS tracking reveal temporal shifts in habitat use in nonbreeding Black-tailed Godwits

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