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FIGURE 43 in Revealing the diversity of ant-eating spiders in Colombia I: morphology, distribution and taxonomy of the barronus group of the genus Tenedos O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 (Araneae: Zodariidae)

FIGURE 43. Tenedos henrardi sp. n. A–B. Male palp (ICN-Ar-12339): A. Ventral view. B. Retrolateral view (arrow indicates the aRTA). C–D. Female epigyne (ICN-Ar-12340): C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B: 200µm; C–D: 500µm. Abbreviations: aMA, anterior branch of the median apophysis; aRTA, anterior branch of the retrolateral tibial apophysis; ApC, appendix of the conductor; C, conductor; FD, fertilization ducts; LB, lateral borders; pRTA, posterior branch of the retrolateral tibial apophysis; pMA, posterior branch of the median apophysis; MFP, median field plate; S, spermathecae; SD, spermatic ducts; SR, seminal receptacles; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis.

FIGURE 9 in Revealing the diversity of ant-eating spiders in Colombia I: morphology, distribution and taxonomy of the barronus group of the genus Tenedos O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 (Araneae: Zodariidae)

FIGURE 9. Details of the expanded palp showing the internal structures. A–B. Male of Tenedos dankittipakuli sp. n. (IAvH-I, non-type material), images: A. Prolateral view. B. Retrolateral view (arrow indicates the triangular-shaped RPC). C–D. Drawings: C. Prolateral view (arrow indicates the St). D. Retrolateral view (arrows indicate the keel-shaped sclerotized process of the tegulum, and aRTA). Abbreviations: ApC, appendix of the conductor; aRTA, anterior branch of the retrolateral tibial apophysis; bRTA, basal retrolateral tibial apophysis; BH, basal hematodocha; C, conductor; E, embolus; EB, embolus base; MA, median apophysis; MH, median hematodocha; Pe, petiole; pRTA, posterior branch of the retrolateral tibial apophysis, RPC, retrolateral process of the cymbium; SD, spermatic ducts; St, subtegulum; T, tegulum; VTA, Ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bar: A–D: 0.5mm.

FIGURE 30 in Revealing the diversity of ant-eating spiders in Colombia I: morphology, distribution and taxonomy of the barronus group of the genus Tenedos O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 (Araneae: Zodariidae)

FIGURE 30. Tenedos choco sp. n. A–B. Male palp (ICN-Ar-10934): A. Ventral view. B. Retrolateral view. C–D. Female epigyne (ICN-Ar-12318): C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B: 200µm; C–D: 500µm. Abbreviations: ApC, appendix of the conductor; aMA, anterior branch of the median apophysis; E, embolus; FD, fertilization ducts; LB, lateral borders; MFP, median field plate; pMA, posterior branch of the median apophysis; pRTA, posterior branch of the retrolateral tibial apophysis; S, spermathecae; SD, spermatic ducts; SR, seminal receptacles.

FIGURE 13 in Revealing the diversity of ant-eating spiders in Colombia I: morphology, distribution and taxonomy of the barronus group of the genus Tenedos O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 (Araneae: Zodariidae)

FIGURE 13. Tenedos barronus (Chamberlin, 1925). A–B. Male palp (MPUJ_ENT 0062001): A. Ventral view. B. Retrolateral view. C–D. Female epigyne (MPUJ_ENT 0061949): C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B: 200µm; C–D: 500µm. Abbreviations: A, atrium; ApC, appendix of the conductor; C, conductor; CD, copulatory ducts; E, embolus; FD, fertilization ducts; MA, median apophysis; MFP, median field plate; RPC, retrolateral process of the cymbium; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; S, spermathecae; SD, spermatic ducts; SR, seminal receptacles; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis.

FIGURE 36 in Revealing the diversity of ant-eating spiders in Colombia I: morphology, distribution and taxonomy of the barronus group of the genus Tenedos O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 (Araneae: Zodariidae)

FIGURE 36. Tenedos peckorum Jocqué & Baert, 2002. A–D. Male palp (MPUJ_ENT 0070625): A. Prolateral view. B. Retroventral view. C. Ventral view. D. Retrolateral view. E–F. Female epigyne (IAvH-I-3765): C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: A–D: 300µm; E–F: 200µm.

FIGURE 38 in Revealing the diversity of ant-eating spiders in Colombia I: morphology, distribution and taxonomy of the barronus group of the genus Tenedos O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 (Araneae: Zodariidae)

FIGURE 38. Tenedos mesa sp. n. A–B. Male habitus (ICN-Ar-12336): A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C–F. Male palp: C. Ventral view. D. Prolateral view. E. Retroventral view. F. Retrolateral view. Scale bars: A–B: 2mm; C–D: 200µm; E–F: 500µm.

FIGURE 7 in Revealing the diversity of ant-eating spiders in Colombia I: morphology, distribution and taxonomy of the barronus group of the genus Tenedos O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 (Araneae: Zodariidae)

FIGURE 7. Details of the spinnerets. A–D. Male of Tenedos hoeferi (IBSP): A. ALS, ventral view. B. PMS and PLS, frontal view. C. Details of PLS. D. Details of PMS. Abbreviations: Ac, aciniform gland spigot; ALS, anterior lateral spinnerets; MaAm, major ampullate gland spigot; MiAm, minor ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigot; PLS, posterior lateral spinnerets; PMS, posterior median spinnerets.

FIGURE 29 in Revealing the diversity of ant-eating spiders in Colombia I: morphology, distribution and taxonomy of the barronus group of the genus Tenedos O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 (Araneae: Zodariidae)

FIGURE 29. Tenedos choco sp. n. A–D. Male palp (ICN-Ar-10934): A. Prolateral view. B. Retroventral view. C. Ventral view. D. Retrolateral view. E–F. Female epigyne (ICN-Ar-12318): E. Ventral view. F. Dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B: 300µm; C–D: 600µm; E–F: 200µm.

FIGURE 20 in Revealing the diversity of ant-eating spiders in Colombia I: morphology, distribution and taxonomy of the barronus group of the genus Tenedos O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 (Araneae: Zodariidae)

FIGURE 20. Tenedos jocquei Quijano & Galvis, 2018. A–B. Male palp (ICN-Ar-8373), SEM images: A. Ventral view. B. Median apophysis. C. Retrolateral view. D. Retrolateral tibial apophysis (arrow indicates the VTA). Abbreviations: aMA, anterior branch of the median apophysis; pMA, posterior branch of the median apophysis.

FIGURE 33 in Revealing the diversity of ant-eating spiders in Colombia I: morphology, distribution and taxonomy of the barronus group of the genus Tenedos O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 (Araneae: Zodariidae)

FIGURE 33. Tenedos macagual sp. n. A–B. Male palp (LEUA-00000035887): A. Ventral view. B. Retrolateral view. C–D. Female epigyne (ICN-Ar-9668): C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: A, atrium; ApC, appendix of the conductor; EB, embolus base; C, conductor; CD, copulatory ducts; FD, fertilization ducts; LB, lateral borders; pRTA, posterior branch of the retrolateral tibial apophysis; MFP, median field plate; RPC, retrolateral process of the cymbium; S, spermathecae; SR, seminal receptacles; St, subtegulum; T, tegulum; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis.

Fig. 9 in Uncovering cryptic diversity in the enigmatic ant genus Overbeckia and insights into the phylogeny of Camponotini (Hymenoptera:Formicidae:Formicinae)

Fig. 9. Time-calibrated phylogeny of Camponotini including all eight extant genera. The chronogram has been inferred using the fossilised birth–death model with 21 vetted fossil records and the constrained approach (Table 1), where we used a secondary calibration point (normal distribution, M = 51 and S = 5) for the most recent common ancestor of extant Camponotini lineages. The numbers at nodes reflect the posterior probabilities (support values). The generic images placed along the tree were taken for the specimens of the representative species collected in Klimes et al. (2015) or retrieved from AntWeb (Dinomyrmex, Opisthopsis).

Fig. 7 in Uncovering cryptic diversity in the enigmatic ant genus Overbeckia and insights into the phylogeny of Camponotini (Hymenoptera:Formicidae:Formicinae)

Fig. 7. Distribution map of Overbeckia species records. In total, 17 records of the genus are mapped and revised to the species level of which 12 are reported here for the first time (see Results and Supplementary Table S2). Distribution by countries is coloured in pink, with the Singapore record of the types of O. subclavata scaled up to Malaysia. In Indonesia and Queensland, respectively nine and three sites are relatively nearby and hence appear clumped.

Fig. 5 in Uncovering cryptic diversity in the enigmatic ant genus Overbeckia and insights into the phylogeny of Camponotini (Hymenoptera:Formicidae:Formicinae)

Fig. 5. Overbeckia papuana sp. nov. holotype (worker) and its lateral (a), frontal (b) and dorsal (c) views. Detail of head sculpture and shape of frontal carinae (d).

Fig. 4 in Uncovering cryptic diversity in the enigmatic ant genus Overbeckia and insights into the phylogeny of Camponotini (Hymenoptera:Formicidae:Formicinae)

Fig. 4. Overbeckia jambiensis sp. nov. holotype (worker) and lateral (a), frontal (b) and dorsal (c) views. Detail of head sculpture and shape of frontal carinae (d). Note that the right antenna has been glued into the antennal socket.

Fig. 8 in Uncovering cryptic diversity in the enigmatic ant genus Overbeckia and insights into the phylogeny of Camponotini (Hymenoptera:Formicidae:Formicinae)

Fig. 8. Variation in Overbeckia species occurrence across four vegetation types and two seasons in the EFForTS project (dry season, bars in red; wet season, bars in blue). Values on the y-axis show the number of cases in which the species occurred at least once in a subplot. In total, 19 individuals and 14 occurrences were found across 192 subplots sampled during dry and wet seasons (0.07% occupancy). At the level of different sites (forest plots), only 9 of 32 sampled here by canopy fogging were occupied by the genus.

Fig. 1 in Uncovering cryptic diversity in the enigmatic ant genus Overbeckia and insights into the phylogeny of Camponotini (Hymenoptera:Formicidae:Formicinae)

Fig. 1. Overbeckia subclavata, non-type. Worker from Indonesia (specimen HJ.3.1) displaying the lateral (a), frontal (b) and dorsal (c) views. Detail of head sculpture and shape of frontal carinae (d). Note hind leg tibia and tarsi are missing (damaged).

Fig. 6 in Uncovering cryptic diversity in the enigmatic ant genus Overbeckia and insights into the phylogeny of Camponotini (Hymenoptera:Formicidae:Formicinae)

Fig. 6. Overbeckia papuana sp. nov. paratypes (alates). Queen: lateral (a), dorsal (c) and frontal (e) views; male: lateral (b), dorsal (d) and frontal (f) views. Note that the petiole in queen (a) looks wider and blunter due to being bent to the right site (c).

Fig. 3 in Uncovering cryptic diversity in the enigmatic ant genus Overbeckia and insights into the phylogeny of Camponotini (Hymenoptera:Formicidae:Formicinae)

Fig. 3. Proventriculus of the ant genera Overbeckia (a), Calomyrmex (b), Echinopla (c) and Colobopsis (d). The darker flanges are sepals that are attached anteriorly to the tissues of the ant gut, whereas the convex light structure represents proventricular bulb that connects posteriorly to the stomodeal valve of the worker midgut. Note the posterior connection is broken here due to the removal of the structure from the gut of ant worker. The patterns reflect natural colouring of the structures.

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Fig. 2 in Phylogenomics and Fossil Data Inform the Systematics and Geographic Range Evolution of a Diverse Neotropical Ant Lineage

Fig. 2. MCMCTree time-scaled phylogeny (RAxML topology pruned to one tip per species) with historical biogeographic range inferences from the four-node fossil-constrained BioGeoBEARS analysis mapped onto nodes. An asterisk (*) indicates the location of a fossil node calibration.The light purple shading spans the proposed start and end dates (35–32 Mya) of the GAARlandia land bridge linking South America to the Antilles.The light gold shading spans the potential early start date and the complete closure date of the Panamanian land bridge (10–3.5 Mya).Transitions with boxes outlined in red denote differences from the historical geographic range inference without fossil constraints (Supp Fig. S7 [online only]). A, Antilles; C, Central America; S, South America.