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Fig. 4 in An Older and Exceptionally Large Adult Specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex

Fig. 4. Left maxilla pathology of RSM P2523.8 in lingual (A, B) and ventral (C, D) view. Numbers denote alveoli. Note the ingrowth of interdental bone within the eighth alveolus.

Fig. 2. Select vertebrae from RSM P2523.8. A in An Older and Exceptionally Large Adult Specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex

Fig. 2. Select vertebrae from RSM P2523.8. A, Dorsal and anterior caudal vertebrae showing variation in the fusion of the neural arch to the centrum. B, The second and third sacral vertebrae, in right lateral view. All scale bars = 10 cm.

Fig. 3. Select appendicular elements from RSM P2523.8. A in An Older and Exceptionally Large Adult Specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex

Fig. 3. Select appendicular elements from RSM P2523.8. A, The left scapula in lateral view. B, The right femur in anterior view. C, The right fibula in anterior view. D, Right pedal phalanx IV-1 in right lateral view.

Fig. 1 in An Older and Exceptionally Large Adult Specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex

Fig. 1. The osteology of Tyrannosaurus rex RSM P2523.8. A, The disarticulated skull in left and right lateral views, with the braincase in posterior view. Scale bars = 10 cm. B, Composite illustration showing known skeletal elements in approximate articulation.

in millimeters measurements all, specimens rex Tyrannosaurus other and 2523.8 P RSM of measurements Select. 1 TABLE in An Older and Exceptionally Large Adult Specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex

in millimeters measurements all, specimens rex Tyrannosaurus other and 2523.8 P RSM of measurements Select. 1 TABLE

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2024View details →

Koster et al. - Balance training in older adults enhances feedback control after perturbations - data & code

Data & code for:  Balance training in older adults enhances feedback control after perturbations R A J Koster, L Alizadehsaravi, W Muijres, S M Bruijn, N Dominici, J H van Dieen   This folder contains two subfolders: Code & Data. The folder Code contains the MATLAB scripts used to analyse the data contained within the folder Data. Scripts/ ·      RK_Analysis_Kinematics.m: This is the main script used to analyse the kinematics. Running it will compute the kinematic parameters investigated in the paper and contrast them between conditions. Visualisations of these as well as the statistical results will be stored in the newly created folder /Data/Processed/Figures/Kinematics/ ·      RK_Analysis_Synergies.m: This is the main script used to analyse the EMG activity. Running it will compute the synergies from the EMGs and contrast them between conditions. Visualisations of these as well as the statistical results will be stored in the newly created folder /Data/Processed/Figures/Synergies/ ·      Subfunctions/: This folder contains all scripts used within the two main scripts. These scripts are subdivided into 3 folders (General/, Kinematics analysis/, Synergy analysis/) based on which part of the analysis they belong to. o   General/spmi1d/: The external toolbox used to perform the statistics. o   Kinematics analysis/=VU 3D model=/: the VU 3D model used to compute kinematic parameters from the trajectories of individual body segments. Data/ ·      EMG/: Contains the raw EMG data for each participant & recording. ·      Excel sheets/: Contains participant & recording information sheets. This is used to determine on which leg the participant was standing. ·      PT/: Contains information about the rotating platform the participants were standing on for every recording. This is used to determine perturbation onset and direction. ·      Trajectory/: Contains the trajectories of the participant’s body segments during the recordings. ·      Processed/: (This folder is not there initially, but it is added by the 2 main codes) Will contain the kinematic parameters and synergy weights & activation patterns for every condition and participant after they are computed. This folder is also where the results from the analysis will be stored. o   Figures/: For kinematics & synergies separately, will contain figures displaying the parameters and the statistical results. The ‘Stats – X – Y.tiff’ figure files display the ANOVA and post hoc test results. If statistical differences are found, their p-values are reported in the title of the individual plots (Note: for subthreshold results p-values are undefined in such analyses). Additional individual muscle analysis is included in the synergy analysis.

opencc-zeroJun 2021View details →

Supplemental Materials: Duration of poverty and subsequent cognitive function and decline among older adults in China, 2005-2018

Objective To investigate the relationship between late-life duration of poverty exposure and cognitive function and decline among older adults in China. Methods Data were from 3,209 participants aged ≥64 in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Duration of poverty, defined according to urban and rural regional standards from the China Statistical Yearbook, was assessed from 2005-2011 (never in poverty; 1/3 of the period in poverty; ≥2/3 of the period in poverty). Cognitive function was measured by the Chinese Mini Mental State Exam (CMMSE) from 2011 to 2018. We used attrition-weighted, multivariable mixed-effects Tobit regression to examine the association of duration of poverty with cognitive performance and rate of decline. Results A total of 1,162 individuals (36.21%) were never in poverty over the period from 2005 to 2011, 1,172 (36.52%) were in poverty 1/3 of the period, and 875 (27.27%) were in poverty ≥2/3 of the period. A longer poverty duration was associated with lower subsequent CMMSE scores with a dose-response relationship (1/3 vs. never in poverty: β = -0.98; 95% CI: -1.61 to -0.35; ≥2/3 vs. never in poverty: β = -1.55; 95% CI: -2.29 to -0.81). However, a longer duration of poverty was associated with a slower rate of CMMSE score decline over time. Conclusion These findings provide valuable evidence on the role of cumulative late-life poverty in relation to cognitive health among older adults in a rapidly urbanizing and aging middle-income country. Our findings may support a compensation hypothesis for cognitive reserve in this setting.

opencc-zeroDec 2018View details →

Data from: Progressive parkinsonism in older adults is related to the burden of mixed-brain pathologies

Objective: To examine if indices of Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology and other brain pathologies are associated with the progression of parkinsonism in older adults. Methods: We used data from decedents who had undergone annual clinical testing prior to death and structured brain autopsy. Parkinsonism was based on assessment with a modified United Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and a clinical diagnosis of PD was based on medical history. We employed a series of mixed-effects models controlling for age and sex, to investigate the association of PD pathology (nigral neuronal loss and Lewy bodies) and indices of eight other brain pathologies with the progression of parkinsonism prior to death. Results: During an average of 8.5 years follow-up, more than half (771/1430, 53.9%) developed parkinsonism proximate to death. On average, parkinsonism was progressive (Estimate, 0.130, S.E., 0.005, p<0.001) in all older adults, but more rapid in adults with a clinical diagnosis of PD [N=52; 3.6%] (Estimate, 0.066 S.E., 0.021, p<0.001). Progression of parkinsonism was more rapid in adults with PD pathology (Estimate, 0.087, S.E., 0.013, p<0.001) Alzheimer's disease (AD), and several cerebrovascular pathologies were all independently associated with more rapid progression (all p-Values <0.05). The association between a higher person-specific weighted pathology score and more rapidly progressive parkinsonism did not differ between individual's with and without a clinical diagnosis of PD (Estimate 0.003, S.E., 0.047, p=0.957). Conclusion: The rate of progressive parkinsonism in older adults with and without a clinical diagnosis of PD is related to the burden of mixed-brain pathologies.

opencc-zeroAug 2021View details →

Kidney function, kidney function decline, and the risk of dementia in older adults: a registry-based study

Objective: Community-based reports regarding the association between the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and dementia risk show conflicting results. This study aims is to investigate the links between kidney function, kidney function decline and dementia incidence. Methods: We analyzed the association of eGFR with the risk of dementia (defined as a new dementia diagnosis or initiation of dementia treatments) among 329,822 residents of Stockholm who accessed healthcare during 2006-2011, were ≥65 years, had no history of dementia or underwent kidney replacement therapy. We also estimated the rate of eGFR decline among 205,622 residents with repeated eGFR measurements during the first-year of observation and investigated its association with subsequent dementia risk. Results: 18,983 cases of dementia (5.8% of participants) were detected over a median follow-up of 5 years. Dementia incidence rates (IR) were progressively higher with lower eGFR: from 6.56/1000 person-years in persons with eGFR 90-104ml/min to 30.28/1000 person-years in those with eGFR<30ml/min. After multivariable adjustment, lower eGFR was associated with a higher dementia risk [hazard ratio(HR), 1.71; 95% confidence interval(CI), 1.54-1.91 in eGFR 30-59ml/min and HR 2.62, 1.91-3.58 in eGFR<30ml/min] compared with eGFR of 90-104ml/min. A steeper decline in eGFR (decline>2ml/min/1.73m2/year) within one year was associated with higher dementia risk. Risk magnitudes were stronger for vascular dementia than for Alzheimer. As many as 10% (95% CI 6-14%) of dementia cases could be attributed to eGFR<60ml/min/1.73m2, a proportion higher than that attributed to other dementia risk factors such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Conclusions: Both lower kidney function and steeper kidney function decline are associated with the development of dementia.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2023View details →

Lifelong traumatic events, social support, and health-related quality of life among older adults

Purpose. The present study aimed to investigate the relation between lifelong exposure to traumatic life events and health-related quality of life in a sample of older people. We also assessed the moderating role of social support in the relation between traumatic life events exposure and quality of life. Method. A sample of 172 participants (Mage = 68.81, SD = 7.15; 68.6% female and 31.4% male) was involved in this study. The participants completed scales measuring lifelong exposure to traumatic events, social support, and health-related quality of life. Results. The results showed that lifelong exposure to traumatic events was negatively related to physical functioning, emotional well-being, social functioning, and general health perception. It was also positively related to body pain, role limitations due to physical health problems and role limitations due to personal or emotional problems. Moreover, social support moderated the relation between traumatic life events exposure and dimensions of health-related quality of life. High social support from family contributed to reduced role limitations following trauma exposure, whereas more social support from friends led to poorer emotional well-being. Discussion. Geriatric services could identify and implement adequate measured to provide social support and to improve different dimensions of quality of life among older adults.

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

Clinical characteristics, risk factors and complications of COVID-19 among critically ill older adults – A case control study

Background: The older population is often disproportionately and adversely affected during humanitarian emergencies, as has also been seen during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data regarding COVID-19 in older adults is usually over-generalised and does not delve into details of the clinical characteristics in them. This study was conducted to analyse clinical and laboratory characteristics, risk factors, and complications of COVID-19 between older adults who survived and those who did not. Methods: We conducted a case-control study among older adults(age > 60 years) admitted to the Intensive Care Unit(ICU) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The non-survivors (cases) were matched with age and sex-matched survivors (control) in a ratio of 1: 3. The data regarding socio-demographics, clinical characteristics, complications, treatment, laboratory data, and outcomes were analysed. Results: The most common signs and symptoms observed were fever (cases vs controls) (68.92 vs. 68.8%), followed by shortness of breath (62.2% Vs. 52.2%), and cough (47.3% Vs. 60.2%). Our analysis found no association between the presence of any of the comorbidities and mortality. At admission, laboratory markers such as LDH(Lactate Dehydrogenase), WBC(White Blood Count), creatinine, CRP(C-Reactive Protein), D-dimer, ferritin, and IL-6(Interleukin-6) were found to be significantly higher among the cases than among the controls. Complications such as development of seizure, bacteremia, acute renal injury, respiratory failure, and septic shock were seen to have a significant association with non-survivors. Conclusions: Hypoxia, tachycardia, and tachypnoea at presentation were associated with higher mortality. The older adults in this study mostly presented with the typical clinical features of COVID-19 pneumonia. The presence of comorbid illnesses among them did not affect mortality. Higher death was seen among those with higher levels of CRP, LDH, D-dimer, and ferritin; and with lower lymphocyte counts.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2023View details →

Dataset and analyses for: Mediolateral foot placement control can be trained: Older adults learn to walk more stable, when ankle moments are constrained

Here you'll find the dataset and analyses belonging to the publication "Mediolateral foot placement control can be trained: Older adults learn to walk more stable, when ankle moments are constrained". Older adults performed 8 sessions of treadmill walking, of which 6 sessions comprised of a training on a shoe constraining ankle moment control (LesSchuh). We evaluated whether participants improved their foot placement control and gait stability as a result of the training. Kinematic data of the feet and thorax were collected. For more detail on the folders' contents please see "Read me.docx".

Ving Tsun Martial Exercise for Older Adults

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03318289. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Telehealth Depression Treatments for Older Adults

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02600754. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.

Domiciliary Professional Oral Care for Dependent Older Adults

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05335239. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

A Study of RSV-HMPV Bivalent Vaccine VXB-241 in Older Adults

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06556147. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Study of Pomegranate Juice on Memory in Older Adults

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02093130. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.

Maintaining Resistance Training in Older Prediabetic Adults

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01112709. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.

Cognitive Frailty in Older Adults: The Role of Technology in Physical Activity Enhancement

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04692974. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Depressive Symptoms in Hong Kong Older Adults

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06014294. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 12.