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Figure 2 in Tardigrades from the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau (China) with description of two new species in the genera Mixibius (Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae) and Pseudechiniscus (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae)

Figure 2. Mixibius pilatoi sp. n. (A) Habitus focused to show the claws (holotype); (B) buccopharyngeal apparatus (holotype); (C) claws on the third pair of legs (holotype); (D) claws on fourth pair of legs (holotype). Scale bars: 60 µm (A); 20 µm (B); 10 µm (C, D).

opennotspecifiedOct 2009View details →

Figure 1 in Tardigrades from the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau (China) with description of two new species in the genera Mixibius (Eutardigrada: Hypsibiidae) and Pseudechiniscus (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae)

Figure 1. Pseudechiniscus yunnanensis sp. n. (A) Habitus in dorsal view (holotype); (B) granules on dorsal plates (holotype); (C) clava (holotype); (D) claws on fourth pair of legs (holotype). Notes: arrow indicates the small lobes of the first and second paired plates; scale bars: 40 µm (A); 10 µm (B, D); 5 µm (C).

FIGURE 2 in An example of problems associated with DNA barcoding in tardigrades: a novel method for obtaining voucher specimens

FIGURE 2. Granulated cuticle and pores in a fresh (A, DIC) and an orcein stained (B, PhC) specimen of M. terminalis (C2868); C: Granulated cuticle (arrow head) and pores by SEM in M. terminalis (C2868); D: Smooth cuticle with pores in a fresh specimen of M. macrocalix (C2868, DIC); E: Granulated cuticle (arrow head) in the holotype of M. terminalis (C624- S60, DIC). Bar =10 µm (A, B, D, E); 5 µm (C)

FIGURE 1. A in An example of problems associated with DNA barcoding in tardigrades: a novel method for obtaining voucher specimens

FIGURE 1. A: Fresh specimen of M. terminalis; buccal pharyngeal apparatus with dorsal buccal armature (C2868, DIC); B: Fresh specimen of M. macrocalix; buccal pharyngeal apparatus with dorsal buccal armature (C2868, DIC). C: Claws with indented lunules on a hind leg of M. terminalis (C2868, SEM); D: Claws with indented lunules (arrow heads) on the hind legs of a fresh specimen of M. terminalis (C2868, DIC). Bar =10 µm (A, B, D); 5 µm (C)

FIGURE 5 in An example of problems associated with DNA barcoding in tardigrades: a novel method for obtaining voucher specimens

FIGURE 5. Neighbor joining dendrogram computed on Kimura 2-parameter distances. Numbers in bold indicate bootstrap values. Specimens are indicated with either GenBank accession numbers or with acronyms as in Table 1 (in bold).

FIGURE 3. A in An example of problems associated with DNA barcoding in tardigrades: a novel method for obtaining voucher specimens

FIGURE 3. A: Egg shell of M. terminalis (hologenophore C2868-N02 US2, DIC); B: Egg shell of M. terminalis by SEM (C2868); C: Egg shell of a M. terminalis paratype (C624-S44, PhC); D: Egg shell of M. cf. terminalis (C2341, PhC). Bar =10 µm (A, C, D); 1 µm (B).

FIGURE 2 in DNA barcoding and integrative taxonomy of Macrobiotus hufelandi C.A.S. Schultze 1834, the first tardigrade species to be described, and some related species

FIGURE 2. Animal and egg morphology by LM of paragenophores and hologenophores of Macrobiotus vladimiri from St. Ulrich (Germany). A: Macroplacoids (Faure-Berlese fluid, phase contrast); B: egg shell (hologenophore HM136934, Faure- Berlese fluid, DIC); C: egg shell (paragenophore, Faure-Berlese fluid, phase contrast). Scale = 10 µm.

FIGURE 5 in DNA barcoding and integrative taxonomy of Macrobiotus hufelandi C.A.S. Schultze 1834, the first tardigrade species to be described, and some related species

FIGURE 5. Animal and egg morphology by LM of paragenophores and hologenophores in Macrobiotus hufelandi. A-B: Specimens from Monte Rondinaio (Italy) (polyvinyl lactophenol, phase contrast). A: Placoids; B: egg shell (paragenophore). C-E: Specimens from Gotthard Pass (Faure-Berlese fluid). C: Macroplacoids (phase contrast); D: distal dishes in the egg shell (hologenophore HQ876594, DIC); E: egg shell reticulation (same hologenophore, phase contrast). Scale = 10 µm.

FIGURE 3 in DNA barcoding and integrative taxonomy of Macrobiotus hufelandi C.A.S. Schultze 1834, the first tardigrade species to be described, and some related species

FIGURE 3. Egg morphology by SEM of paragenophores. A: Macrobiotus hufelandi from St. Ulrich (Germany); B: M. hufelandi from Gotthard Pass (Switzerland); C: Macrobiotus vladimiri from St. Ulrich; D: Macrobiotus sandrae from St. Ulrich. Scale = 5 µm.

FIGURE 7 in DNA barcoding and integrative taxonomy of Macrobiotus hufelandi C.A.S. Schultze 1834, the first tardigrade species to be described, and some related species

FIGURE 7. Neighbor joining dendrogram computed on Kimura 2-parameters distances. Numbers in bold indicate bootstrap values. Acronyms as in Tables 2 and 3. Asterisks indicate hologenophore specimens (sensu Pleijel et al. 2008).

FIGURE 8. Kimura 2 in DNA barcoding and integrative taxonomy of Macrobiotus hufelandi C.A.S. Schultze 1834, the first tardigrade species to be described, and some related species

FIGURE 8. Kimura 2 -parameters genetic distances in all the samples, specimens and species of tables 2 and 3. The graph shows the frequency distribution of intraspecific (grey) and interspecific (black) genetic divergences. The attribution to a same or to a different species has been done on morphological basis. 392 intraspecific and 1204 interspecific comparisons were taken into account.

Figure 1 in Diversity of limno-terrestrial tardigrades of the Americas in relation to the Great American Biotic Interchange hypothesis (GABI)

Figure 1. Division of the Americas into the squares used in analysis: A, 25 X 25°; B, 10 X 10°. Gaps on the 10 X 10° map indicate lack of tardigrade data.

Figure 3 in Diversity of limno-terrestrial tardigrades of the Americas in relation to the Great American Biotic Interchange hypothesis (GABI)

Figure 3. Similarities of the faunas of North, Central and South America. Jaccard: A, 25 X 25° squares; B, 10 X 10° squares. Sorensen: C, 25 X 25° squares; D, 10 X 10° squares. Kulczynski: E, 25 X 25° squares; F, 10 X 10° squares.

Figure 2 in Estimating optimal sample size for tardigrade morphometry

Figure 2. The relationship between estimation error and sample size has an asymptotic character both for means (A) and for ranges (B), meaning that the larger the sample size, the smaller the estimation error, but the reduction in error diminishes with the increasing sampling effort. Graphs show means ƚSD calculated from six species means (see Table 3). Dashed horizontal lines represent acceptable error rates: A, for means, errors under the dashed line are acceptable (i.e. sample sizes n ≥ 20; B, for ranges, errors above the dashed line are acceptable (i.e. none of the shown sample sizes returns an acceptable range estimation).

Figure 1 in Estimating optimal sample size for tardigrade morphometry

Figure 1. Exemplary graphs illustrating the results of simulations for mean (A) and range estimations (B) of the buccal tube length in the experimental population of Diphascon higginsi (N = 404; global mean = 22.2 µm; global range = 15.1– 25.6 µm = 10.5 µm). A, mean estimation graph: the solid horizontal line represents the global mean whereas the two dashed lines delimit the acceptable error zone, i.e. ƚ10% of the global range (21.2–23.3 µm); dots below and above the global mean delimit the zone within which 95% of computed means fell; the arrow points to the sample size at which 95% of computed means fell within the acceptable error around the global mean (n = 15). B, range estimation graph: the solid horizontal line represents the global range whereas the dashed line delimits the acceptable error zone, i.e. –20% of the global range (8.4 µm); dots at each sample size delimit the zone within which 95% of computed ranges fell; the arrow points to the sample size at which 95% of computed ranges fell within the acceptable error below the global range (n = 130). Graphs for all traits and species are available in the Supplementary Materials.

Figure 5 in Data from new taxa infer Isoechiniscoides gen. nov. and increase the phylogenetic and evolutionary understanding of echiniscoidid tardigrades (Echiniscoidea: Tardigrada)

Figure 5. Phylogeny of Echiniscoididae inferred from a combined analysis of 28S and COI. Posterior probability and bootstrap values are shown on the figure. Only nodes supported by both PP and BS are retained on the Bayesian tree; unsupported nodes are collapsed. 'R' indicates the specimen protocol code used at Roscoff in 2012 and 'T' the code used in 2013. Insets: Fourth leg of female paratype and cirrus E from juvenile (SEM preparations: ZMUC-TAR-3839).

Figure 3 in Data from new taxa infer Isoechiniscoides gen. nov. and increase the phylogenetic and evolutionary understanding of echiniscoidid tardigrades (Echiniscoidea: Tardigrada)

Figure 3. Isoechiniscoides sifae sp. nov. Dorsal drawing of the holotypic male (ZMUC-TAR-3820). cE, cirrus E; cl, claw; cm, claw membrane; ds, double sculpture of the caudal segment; dw, dorsal wart with pillars; fu, furca of the stylet; lc, lateral cirrus (cirrus A); p1–p4, sensory structures of legs I–IV; pb, pharyngeal bulb; pc, primary clava; pl, placoid; sc, secondary clava.

Figure 2 in Data from new taxa infer Isoechiniscoides gen. nov. and increase the phylogenetic and evolutionary understanding of echiniscoidid tardigrades (Echiniscoidea: Tardigrada)

Figure 2. Scanning electron micrographs of paratypic Isoechiniscoides sifae sp. nov. female (ZMUC-TAR-3839). A, Frontal view. B, Lateral view. C, Ventral view. D, Close up of the head. Scale bars = 10 µm. an, anus; cE, cirrus E; ec, external cirrus; go, female gonopore; ic, internal cirrus; lc, lateral cirrus (cirrus A); mo, mouth opening; mp, mouth plates; p1–p3, sensory structures of legs I–III; pc, primary clava; sc, secondary clava.

Figure 1 in Biodiversity of marine tardigrades from the northern coast of Portugal (Iberian Peninsula)

Figure 1. Map of northern Portugal showing sample collecting sites. Squares indicate intertidal rocky shores. Triangles indicate shallow subtidal soft bottoms. Circles mark intertidal sandy beaches.

Figure 2. A in Biodiversity of marine tardigrades from the northern coast of Portugal (Iberian Peninsula)

Figure 2. A, observed species accumulation curve (Sobs) and Chao2 species richness estimate for all samples. B, number of species, species restricted to a single habitat (unique) and singletons for each of the three studied habitats. C, nMDS ordinations for each of the sampled localities (note that two shallow subtidal localities are overlapped due to their high similarity).