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Data for: Mechanisms of fire-maintained plant species diversity in species-rich wet pine savannas
<p><span>Temperate savannas and grasslands maintained by frequent, low-intensity disturbances such as fire contain among the most species-rich plant communities in the world. Precisely how these disturbances maintain such high fine-scale diversity is poorly understood. This study examined the effects of the frequency of simulated fire (clipping combined with litter removal) and the relative importance of recruitment and survival on species diversity and trait and species composition at each of two pine savannas in southeastern Mississippi (USA) that had not been recently burned. Ten 2 </span><span>×</span><span> 2 m plots at each site were clipped/cleared annually from 2014 to 2019 and again in spring 2021 (annual frequency). The other 10 clipping plots were not clipped from 2018 to 2020 (reduced frequency). Vegetation in small subplots in annual frequency and reduced frequency plots was compared in August 2021 to test the effects of a short period without clipping on diversity and composition. To test the relative importance of recruitment and survival on diversity and composition, four 0.25 </span><span>×</span><span> 0.25 m quarter plots were established within each of 10 annual-frequency plots per site following a clipping treatment in fall 2019 and assigned a 2 </span><span>×</span><span> 2 factorial arrangement of transplantation of sods from long-unburned areas and herbicide application. Reducing the frequency of clipping reduced plant diversity and altered composition at both sites. A comparison of diversity and trait composition responses to transplant and herbicide treatments revealed how recruitment and survival combined to affect species diversity. Partial or complete recovery of diversity following clipping and litter removal at both sites was driven by rapid increases in short-lived, resilient species that show fire-stimulated emergence from a seed bank and the persistence of long-lived species capable of surviving the prolonged period without fire or clipping. Species with reduced resilience and persistence were more likely to be lost in the reduced frequency treatment. Results are consistent with a model of short-term coexistence of maximum species diversity maintained by the most frequent fire regimes fuels will permit.</span></p>
FIGURE. The most diverse genera in Iran, along with the number of species, subspecies and varieties. in A checklist of Iranian Grasses
FIGURE. The most diverse genera in Iran, along with the number of species, subspecies and varieties.
FIGURE 9 in Diversity and distribution of Anostraca in temporary ponds in Western Africa with description of a new species of Streptocephalus Baird, 1852 (Pancrustacea: Branchiopoda: Streptocephalidae)
FIGURE 9. Streptocephalus wolof sp. nov., male from Diembéreng, Ziguinchor, Senegal: A, head, dorsal view, arrow points a marginal beak; B, tip of first antenna; C, genital and abdominal segments; D, gonopore, lateral view; E, cercopods, ventral view. Scale bars: A–C, E = 0.5 mm; D = 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 8 in Diversity and distribution of Anostraca in temporary ponds in Western Africa with description of a new species of Streptocephalus Baird, 1852 (Pancrustacea: Branchiopoda: Streptocephalidae)
FIGURE 8. Streptocephalus wolof sp. nov., male from Diembéreng, Ziguinchor, Senegal: A, genital and abdominal segments., arrow points small cuticle projections; B, gonopods; C, cercopods. lo, lateral linguiform outgrowts; sia, spinulated inner appendix; bp, basal part of gonopods; ep, everted part of gonopods. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 6 in Diversity and distribution of Anostraca in temporary ponds in Western Africa with description of a new species of Streptocephalus Baird, 1852 (Pancrustacea: Branchiopoda: Streptocephalidae)
FIGURE 6. Streptocephalus wolof sp. nov., male from Diembéreng, Ziguinchor, Senegal: A, head dorsal view; B, tip of first antenna; C, frontal appendage, lateral view; arrow points acute projection; D, second antenna, dorsal view; E, labrum lateral view. Aj = apical joint, sp = small papillae, apr = anterior primary ramus, pr = posterior ramus, s = spur. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 5. A in Diversity and distribution of Anostraca in temporary ponds in Western Africa with description of a new species of Streptocephalus Baird, 1852 (Pancrustacea: Branchiopoda: Streptocephalidae)
FIGURE 5. A, temporary pond in Diembéreng, habitat of Streptocephalus wolof sp. nov.; B, several living male specimens of S. wolof sp. nov. from the same pond figured in A; note the presence/absence of the red coloration in the cercopods; C, habitus of a female specimen from the same pond figured in A; note the brood pouch coloration and the red color extended over the cercopods and the last abdominal segments.
FIGURE 4 in Diversity and distribution of Anostraca in temporary ponds in Western Africa with description of a new species of Streptocephalus Baird, 1852 (Pancrustacea: Branchiopoda: Streptocephalidae)
FIGURE 4. Bayesian phylogenetic relationships of Streptocephalus based on concatenated coxI and ITS markers. High posterior probabilities (>0.90) are depicted by black dots.
FIGURE 3 in Diversity and distribution of Anostraca in temporary ponds in Western Africa with description of a new species of Streptocephalus Baird, 1852 (Pancrustacea: Branchiopoda: Streptocephalidae)
FIGURE 3. Electronic scanning microscope images of the eggs of: A, Streptocephalus wolof sp. nov., 2 km north of Podor; B, Streptocephalus zeltneri, Bandafassi; C, Streptocephalus sudanicus, Gourel Yoba; D, Branchinella (B.) chudeaui, Tilagne Tokossel. Scale bar indicates 100 µm for each egg sample.
FIGURE 7 in Diversity and distribution of Anostraca in temporary ponds in Western Africa with description of a new species of Streptocephalus Baird, 1852 (Pancrustacea: Branchiopoda: Streptocephalidae)
FIGURE 7. Streptocephalus wolof sp. nov., male from Diembéreng, Ziguinchor, Senegal: A, first thoracopod; B, detail of endites 3–5 of first thoracopod; C, seventh thoracopod; D, detail of endites 3–5 of seventh thoracopod; E, eleventh thoracopod. EX = exopodite, EN = endopodite, EP = epipodite, PE = preepipodite, 1–5 = endites. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Diversity and distribution of Anostraca in temporary ponds in Western Africa with description of a new species of Streptocephalus Baird, 1852 (Pancrustacea: Branchiopoda: Streptocephalidae)
FIGURE 2. Map of Senegal showing the known localities of the four recorded freshwater species of Anostraca, including their respective type localities in Senegal and Mali. The three eco-regions are depicted by different colored areas.
FIGURE 1 in Diversity and distribution of Anostraca in temporary ponds in Western Africa with description of a new species of Streptocephalus Baird, 1852 (Pancrustacea: Branchiopoda: Streptocephalidae)
FIGURE 1. Different sampled water masses with presence of Anostraca across Senegal: A, Tilagne, Sahel eco-region, habitat of Branchinella chudeaui; B, Bandafassi, Sudanian savanna, habitat of Streptocephalus zeltneri; C, Bokiladji, Sahel eco-region, both are habitats of Streptocephalus wolof sp. nov.; D, Gourel Yoba, Sudanian savanna, habitat of Streptocephalus sudanicus.
FIGURE 6 in Distribution, Regionalization, and Diversity of the dung beetle genus Phanaeus MacLeay (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) using Species Distribution Models
FIGURE 6. Beta diversity (β) of Phanaeus within each dominion, segmented by its components (β + β ).
FIGURE 2 in Distribution, Regionalization, and Diversity of the dung beetle genus Phanaeus MacLeay (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) using Species Distribution Models
FIGURE 2. Mean environmental conditions (points) and standard deviation (lines) within each Phanaeus species distribution model sorted by mean altitudinal predicted occurrence.
FIGURE 5 in Distribution, Regionalization, and Diversity of the dung beetle genus Phanaeus MacLeay (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) using Species Distribution Models
FIGURE 5. Occurrence of Phanaeus species in the resulting regionalization, predicted richness and co-occurrence in each dominion. The circle size is the percentage of the predicted species' distribution in each dominion.
FIGURE 7 in Distribution, Regionalization, and Diversity of the dung beetle genus Phanaeus MacLeay (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) using Species Distribution Models
FIGURE 7. Pairwise comparison of Beta diversity of Phanaeus between dominions. The upper panel shows the relative size of β segmented by its components (β + β ). The lower panel shows the value of β . total repl rich total
FIGURE 3 in Distribution, Regionalization, and Diversity of the dung beetle genus Phanaeus MacLeay (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) using Species Distribution Models
FIGURE 3. Potential richness of Phanaeus species obtained by stacking each species Maxent's distribution model, (a) at 30 arc second or by a spatial query (b) at 1° hexagonal cells. This hexagonal grid was used for the regionalization and beta diversity analyses.
FIGURE 4 in Distribution, Regionalization, and Diversity of the dung beetle genus Phanaeus MacLeay (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) using Species Distribution Models
FIGURE 4. Regionalization of Phanaeus distribution: Mexican Transition Zone (North American, Mexican, and Mesoamerican dominions) and Neotropical region (Mesoamerican, Pacific, Brazilian and Chacoan dominions).This was obtained from a UPGMA cluster analysis to the result, to produce a dendrogram of the relationship between cells (a) that produced a regionalization (b).
FIGURE 28 in Hidden Brazilian Amazon diversity: four new species, redescription and notes on natural history of Termitozophilus Silvestri, 1901 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)
FIGURE 28. Geographic distribution of species of Termitozophilus in the Brazilian Amazon region (Para).
FIGURE 26. Termituncula gracilipes Boegmeier, 1950, paratype. A in Hidden Brazilian Amazon diversity: four new species, redescription and notes on natural history of Termitozophilus Silvestri, 1901 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)
FIGURE 26. Termituncula gracilipes Boegmeier, 1950, paratype. A) Habitus, male, dorsal view. B) Habitus, male, lateral view. Scales: 1 mm.
FIGURE 27 in Hidden Brazilian Amazon diversity: four new species, redescription and notes on natural history of Termitozophilus Silvestri, 1901 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)
FIGURE 27. Phylogenetic recapitulation hypothesis based on the condition of abdominal sclerites in Termitozophilus species.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.