Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-zeroJan 2023View details →

Data from: Potential effects of future climate change on global reptile distributions and diversity

Aim: Until recently, complete information on global reptile distributions has not been widely available. Here, we provide the first comprehensive climate impact assessment for reptiles on a global scale. Location: Global, excluding Antarctica Time period: 1995, 2050, 2080 Major taxa studied: Reptiles Methods: We modelled the distribution of 6,296 reptile species and assessed potential global as well as realm-specific changes in species richness, the change in global species richness across climate space, and species-specific changes in range extent, overlap and position under future climate change. To assess the future climatic impact on 3,768 range-restricted species, which could not be modelled, we compared the future change in climatic conditions between both modelled and non-modelled species. Results: Reptile richness was projected to decline significantly over time, globally but also for most zoogeographic realms, with the greatest decrease in Brazil, Australia and South Africa. Species richness was highest in warm and moist regions, with these regions being projected to shift further towards climate extremes in the future. Range extents were projected to decline considerably in the future, with a low overlap between current and future ranges. Shifts in range centroids differed among realms and taxa, with a dominating global poleward shift. Non-modelled species were significantly stronger affected by projected climatic changes than modelled species. Main conclusions: With ongoing future climate change, reptile richness is likely to decrease significantly across most parts of the world. This effect as well as considerable impacts on species' range extent, overlap, and position were visible across lizards, snakes and turtles alike. Together with other anthropogenic impacts, such as habitat loss and harvesting of species, this is a cause for concern. Given the historical lack of global reptile distributions, this calls for a re-assessment of global reptile conservation efforts, with a specific focus on anticipated future climate change.

CLIMOVE- Climate induced Displacement Data Analysis

CLIMOVE addresses the challenging socio-legal avenues for the European Union (EU) to respond the climate migration from a gender perspective. The objectives of the project will increase the most innovative and diversified social scientific skills to explore, recognize and understand the complex experience of migrant women in the context of climate change and of EU migration crisis: female migration still often clashes with censorship, patriarchal laws or lack of diversity or equality in countries of origin and even destination. As part of this project, a report has been produced analyzing and processing available official data on climate change-induced displacement. A part of this analysis is presented here.

Data and code for paper "Freihardt (2024): Perceptions of environmental changes among a climate-vulnerable population from Bangladesh. Climatic Change. DOI 10.1007/s10584-024-03678-6"

This dataset contains the temperature, precipitation, erosion, and perception data, as well as the analysis code in R necessary to replicate the results of the paper: Freihardt, J. (2024): Perceptions of environmental changes among a climate-vulnerable population from Bangladesh. Climatic Change, 177, 25. DOI: 10.1007/s10584-024-03678-6.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2022View details →

Data from: high-resolution bioclimatic surfaces for southern Peru: an approach to climate reality for biological conservation

Climatic and bioclimatic surfaces were elaborated for southern Peru (Arequipa, Moquegua and Tacna). For the interpolations, meteorological information from in-situ stations, as well as orographic and geographic covariates were used. Statistical evaluations gave good results, showing some differences with other models also performed for the area. These data will contribute to a better understanding of the ecoclimatic requirements of the species in terms of ENMs and SDMs.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Data for: Hardwoods influence effect of climate and intraspecific competition on growth of woodland longleaf pine trees

Longleaf pine woodlands of the North American Coastal Plain are proposed to be resilient to climate change impacts, but little is known about changes in limiting factors to longleaf pine growth as climate has changed in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Moreover, the role that neighborhood trees play in the context of climate change remains largely unexplored. We used static and moving-window tree-ring and climatic analyses to measure the effects of climate on longleaf pine growth at a site in southwest Georgia, USA. We then performed maximum likelihood analysis to examine the influence of neighboring hardwoods on the response of longleaf pine growth to the joint effects of competition and climate. Analysis of climate data from local stations in southwest Georgia over six decades indicated that mean air temperature decreased until the late 20th century and then began to rise, and that the variability of spring and summer precipitation has increased. Tree ring and climate analyses indicated longleaf pine radial growth is sensitive to precipitation and air temperature, and that the strength of correlation of longleaf pine growth to summer air temperature and summer precipitation increased since the 1950s. Likelihood models, which were applied over a shorter (23-year) period and explicitly incorporated competition, did not support a link between summer temperature and growth but did indicate summer precipitation increased growth. Furthermore, basal area of neighboring hardwoods was correlated with greater pine growth per millimeter of precipitation. Basal area of neighboring longleaf pine negatively affected the growth of conspecific trees; the presence of hardwoods increased the competitive effect when basal area of neighboring pine trees was low (<10 m2 ha-1) but decreased the competitive effect when basal area of neighboring pine trees was high (≥ 10 m2 ha-1). These results suggest that retention or recruitment of hardwood trees when restoring longleaf pine woodlands may contribute to increased ability to withstand dry summers and may help to allay concerns of managers that retention of hardwoods will unduly affect the growth of residual mature longleaf pines.

openmit-licenseFeb 2023View details →

Nuclear Power Generation Phaseouts Redistribute U.S. Air Quality and Climate Related Mortality Risk, Data

This dataset accompanies the publication, "Nuclear Power Generation Phaseouts Redistribute U.S. Air Quality and Climate Related Mortality Risk", and can be used with the code located at https://zenodo.org/badge/latestdoi/248010532 to reproduce our results.

Data repository - The role of peatland degradation, protection and restoration for climate change mitigation in the SSP scenarios

This datasets provides regional and spatial-explicit gridded data for the analysis presented in the manuscrip "The role of peatland degradation, protection and restoration for climate change mitigation in the SSP scenarios" under review in "Environmental Research: Climate" with reference "ERCL-100126"

Data for 'Thermal regimes of groundwater- and lake-fed headwater streams differ in their response to climate variability'

This dataset contains seasonal and annual mean spot stream temperatures for the six groundwater-fed and seven lake-fed streams at the Turkey Lakes Watershed. We have also included seasonal and annual scale hydroclimatic variables (air temperature, solar radiation, discharge, precipitation, ice on/off dates, and April 1st SWE). The Turkey Lakes Watershed is approximately 65 km northwest of Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada.  Manual spot stream temperature measurements were made by field technicians visiting the catchment outlets as part of a routine water quality monitoring program at the TLW. The stream temperature data record extends from 1983 through 2018. The stream temperature record for stream 013 is 1986-2018. Hydroclimatic data is also 1983-2018, with the exception of lake ice data which ended in 2015. See the methods section of the associated publication for more details.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

Mars Watershed boundary data for "Global Spatial Distribution of Hack's Law Exponent on Mars Consistent with Early Arid Climate "

This is the watershed boundary data for Mars (along with Hack's Law exponent) as described in Luo et al. "Global Spatial Distribution of Hack’s Law Exponent on Mars Consistent with Early Arid Climate" accepted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters on 3/10/2023. The attributes are as follows: Id, gridcode = ID of basin Shape_Length = perimeter of the basin Shape_area = area of the basin geoArea = geodesic area of the basin geoLength = geodesic perimeter of the basin areaR = geoArea / Shape_area LengthR = geoLength / Shape_Length n_exponent = Hack’s Law Exponent (h in L = k A^h) n_coefficient = Hack’s Law exponent  (k in L = k A^h) n_r2 = r^2 of the nonlinear fit (optimize.curve_fit function in SciPy)

opencc-zeroMar 2023View details →

Data from: Enhanced climate tolerance for trees derived from microbial communities

Changing climates are pushing species outside of their evolved tolerances; populations must acclimate or adapt to the new conditions or migrate to avoid extinction. However, because plants associate with diverse microbial communities that shape their phenotype, shifts in microbial associations may provide an alternative source of novel climate tolerance. Here we show that tree seedlings inoculated with microbial communities sourced from drier, warmer, or colder sites displayed higher survival when facing drought, heat, or cold stress, respectively. Microbially mediated drought tolerance was associated with increased diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while cold tolerance was related to reduced diversity of non-adapted taxa. Understanding microbially mediated climate tolerance may enhance our ability to predict and manage the adaptability of forest ecosystems to changing climates.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2022View details →

CESM and FOCI model data as supplementary data for Climate Index Collection based on model data (CICMoD)

The Community Earth System Model (CESM) and the Flexible Ocean and Climate Infrastructure (FOCI) are both fully-coupled, global climate models that provide state-of-the-art computer simulations of the Earth's past, present, and future climate states. This dataset contains results from control runs with conditions of year 1850 without additional external forcing for 1000 years and 999 years for FOCI and CESM, respectively. Included features are: <ul> <li>sea surface temperature</li> <li>surface air temperature</li> <li>sea level pressure</li> <li>sea surface salinity</li> <li>geopotential height (500mb)</li> <li>precipitation</li> </ul>

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

Data and code to next-generation ensemble projections reveal higher climate risks for marine ecosystems

Data products: Tittensor et al. (2021). Next-generation ensemble projections reveal higher climate risks for marine ecosystems, Nature Climate Change. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-021-01173-9">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-021-01173-9</a>   This data was produced using R scripts available on the GitHub repository <a href="https://github.com/Fish-MIP/CMIP5vsCMIP6">https://github.com/Fish-MIP/CMIP5vsCMIP6</a>, and was used for analysis and plotting in Tittensor et al. (2021). These R scripts are also available here as CMIP5vsCMIP6_code.zip  Data_CMIP5.Rdata and Data_CMIP6.RData include all data used to produce global maps of percentage change in total consumer biomass.  Data_trends_CMIP5.Rdata and Data_trends_CMIP6.RData include all data used to produce temporal trends of percentage change in total consumer biomass.  Data_inputs_CMIP5.Rdata and Data_trends_CMIP6.RData include all data used to produce global maps of percentage change in phytoplankton biomass, zooplankton biomass, net primary production and sea surface temperature.  Data_trends_inputs_CMIP5.Rdata and Data_trends_CMIP6.RData include all data used to produce temporal trends of percentage change in phytoplankton biomass, zooplankton biomass, net primary production and sea surface temperature. The suffix _reducedModelSet refers to the case when only the subset of Fish-MIP models in Lotze et al. (2019) - Global ensemble projections reveal trophic amplification of ocean biomass declines with climate change, PNAS, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1900194116 - are considered. This data was used to produce some of the supplementary figures in Tittensor et al. (2021). Please contact Derek Tittensor (derek.tittensor@dal.ca), Camilla Novaglio (camilla.novaglio@gmail.com), or Julia Blanchard (julia.blanchard@utas.edu.au) for data interpretation and use.

opencc-zeroApr 2023View details →

Data for: Predicting berry plant habitat under climate change in Bristol Bay, AK

Aim: Climate change is altering suitable habitat distributions of many species in high latitudes. Fleshy fruit-producing plants (hereafter "berry plants"), important in arctic food webs and as subsistence resources for human communities, may be impacted, but their response to a warming and increasingly variable climate at a landscape scale has not yet been examined. Here, we identified influential environmental determinants of berry plant distribution and produced predictions on how climate change might shift these distributions. Location: Bristol Bay and Togiak NRCS Survey Areas, Alaska. Methods: We built species distribution models using the Random Forests algorithm to identify key characteristics and predict the spatial distribution of habitats suitable for five berry plant species: Vaccinium uliginosum L., Empetrum nigrum L., Rubus chamaemorus L., Vaccinium vitis-idaea L., and Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf. Then, we used future climate projections (2081-2100; representative concentration pathways 4.5, 6.0, & 8.5) to predict shifts in species' suitable habitat distributions based on future climate conditions. Results: The predicted amount and spatial patterns of suitable habitat for the current time period were variable among species, consistent with species' diverse life history attributes and habitat preferences. Future climate models predicted both positive and negative changes to suitable habitat probability for all species; future binary classification maps predicted net declines in suitable habitat area for all species and climate scenarios tested. Models identified elevation, soil characteristics, and January and July temperatures as important drivers of suitable habitat distributions. Main conclusions: Our work contributes to understanding the response of important berry plant species to climate change at a landscape scale. Shifting and retracting distributions may alter where communities have access to harvesting areas, suggesting that access to these resources may become restricted in the future. Our prediction maps may help inform climate adaptation planning as communities anticipate shifting access to harvesting locations.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Supplementary data S1 associated with the manuscript "Limited climatic space for alternative ecosystem states in Africa"

Site locations and meta-data used in this study. The original sources of the data and how they were filtered for this study are described in the methods section of the manuscript.

opencc-zeroApr 2023View details →

Data for: Simulated climate change causes asymmetric responses in insect life history timing potentially disrupting a classic ecological speciation system

Climate change may alter phenology within populations with cascading consequences for community interactions and ongoing evolutionary processes. Here, we measured the response to climate change in two sympatric, recently diverged (~170 years) populations of Rhagoletis pomonella flies specialized on different host fruits (hawthorn and apple) and their parasitoid wasp communities. We tested whether warmer temperatures affect dormancy regulation and its consequences for synchrony across trophic levels and temporal isolation between divergent populations. Under warmer temperatures, both fly populations developed earlier. However, warming significantly increased the proportion of maladaptive pre-winter development in apple, but not hawthorn, flies. Parasitoid phenology was less affected, potentially generating ecological asynchrony. Observed shifts in fly phenology under warming may decrease temporal isolation, potentially limiting ongoing divergence. Our findings of complex sensitivity of life-history timing to changing temperatures predict that coming decades may see multifaceted ecological and evolutionary changes in temporal specialist communities.

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

MESMAR v1: A new regional coupled climate model for downscaling, predictability, and data assimilation studies in the Mediterranean region. Article data

Regional coupled and Earth System models are fundamental numerical tools for climate investigations, downscaling of predictions and projections, process-oriented understanding of regional extreme events, and many more applications. Here we introduce a newly developed coupled regional modeling framework for the Mediterranean region, called MESMAR (Mediterranean Earth System model at ISMAR) version 1, which is composed of the WRF atmospheric model, the NEMO oceanic 15 model, and the HD hydrological discharge model, coupled via the OASIS coupler. The model is implemented at moderate resolution (about 1/12° for the ocean and river routing, while twice coarser for the atmosphere) for long-term investigations. The gzipped tarball contains data files contained in the manuscript associated with the MESMARv1 description and submitted to Geoscientific Model Developments: MESMAR v1: A new regional coupled climate model for downscaling, predictability, and data assimilation studies in the Mediterranean region by Andrea Storto, Yassmin Hesham Essa, Vincenzo de Toma, Alessandro Anav, Gianmaria Sannino, Rosalia Santoleri, Chunxue Yang

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

SECURES-Met - A European wide meteorological data set suitable for electricity modelling (supply and demand) for historical climate and climate change projections

For the modelling of electricity production and demand, meteorological conditions are becoming more relevant due to the increasing contribution from renewable electricity production. But the requirements on meteorological data sets for electricity modelling are quite high. One challenge is the high temporal resolution, since a typical time step for modelling electricity production and demand is one hour. On the other side the European electricity market is highly connected, so that a pure country based modelling does not make sense and at least the whole European Union area has to be considered. Additionally, the spatial resolution of the data set must be able to represent the thermal conditions, which requires high spatial resolution at least in mountainous regions. All these requirements lead to huge data amounts for historic observations and even more for climate change projections for the whole 21st century. Thus, we have developed an aggregated European wide data set that has a temporal resolution of one hour, covers the whole EU area, has a reasonable size but is considering the high spatial variability. This meteorological data set for Europe for the historical period and climate change projections fulfills all relevant criteria for energy modelling. It has a hourly temporal resolution, considers local effects up to a spatial resolution of 1 km and has a suitable size, as all variables are aggregated to NUTS regions. Additionally meteorological information from wind speed and river run-off is directly converted into power productions, using state of the art methods and the current information on the location of power plants. Within the research project SECURES (https://www.secures.at/) this data set has been widely used for energy modelling.   The SECURES-Met dataset provides variables visible in the table. <table> <tbody><tr> <th>Variable</th> <th>Short name</th> <th>Unit</th> <th>Aggregation methods</th> <th>Temporal resolution</th> </tr> </tbody><tbody> <tr> <th>Temperature (2m)</th> <td>T2M</td> <td> °C °C </td> <td> spatial mean population weighted mean (recommended) </td> <td>hourly</td> </tr> <tr> <th>Radiation</th> <td> GLO (mean global radiation) BNI (direct normal irradiation) </td> <td> Wm-2 Wm-2 </td> <td> spatial mean population weighted mean (recommended) </td> <td>hourly</td> </tr> <tr> <th>Potential Wind Power </th> <td>WP</td> <td>1</td> <td>normalized with potentially available area</td> <td>hourly</td> </tr> <tr> <th>Hydro Power Potential</th> <td> HYD-RES (reservoir) HYD-ROR (run-of-river) </td> <td> MW 1 </td> <td> summed power production summed power production normalized with average daily production </td> <td>daily</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>                           SECURES-Met is available in a tabular csv format for the historical period (1981-2020, Hydro only until 2010) created from ERA5 and ERA5-Land and two future emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, both 1951-2100, wind power starting from 1981, hydro power from 1971) created from one CMIP5 EUROCORDEX model (GCM:  ICHEC-EC-EARTH, RCM: KNMI-RACMO22E, ensemble run: r12i1p1) on the spatial aggregation level <ul> <li>NUTS0 (country-wide),</li> <li>NUTS2 (province-wide),</li> <li>NUTS3 (Austria only),</li> <li>and EEZ (Exclusive Economic Zones, offshore only).</li> </ul> The data is divided into the historical (Historical.zip) and the two emission scenarios (Future_RCP45.zip and Future_RCP85.zip), a README file, which describes, how the files are organized,  and a folder (Meta.zip), which has information and shape files of the different NUTS levels. As population weighted temperature and radiation represent values in geographical areas more relevant for solar power, it is highly relevant to use population weighted files. Spatial mean should be used for reference only. The project SECURES, in which this dataset was produced, was funded by the Climate and Energy Fund (Klima- und Energiefonds) under project number KR19AC0K17532.

opencc-zeroMay 2023View details →

Data for: Traits help explain species' performance away from their climate niche centre

Aim: Climate change impacts on biota are variable across sites, among species, and throughout individual species' ranges. Niche theory predicts that population performance should decline as site climate becomes increasingly different from the species' climate niche centre, though studies find significant variation from these predictions. Here, we propose that predictions about climate responses can be improved by incorporating species' trait information. Location: Europe Methods: We used observations of plant species abundance change over time to assess variation in climate difference sensitivity (CDS), defined as how species performance (colonization, extinction, and abundance change) relates to the difference of site climate from the mean temperature and precipitation of each species' range. We then investigated if leaf economics, plant size, and seed mass traits were associated with the species' climate difference sensitivity. Results: Species that performed better (e.g., increased in abundance) towards sites progressively cooler than their niche centre were shorter and had more resource-acquisitive leaves (i.e., lower leaf dry matter content or LDMC) relative to species with zero or the opposite pattern of temperature difference sensitivity. This result supports the hypothesis that if sites cooler than niche centre are more stressful for a species, then shorter stature is advantageous compared to taller species. The LDMC result suggests the environment selects for more resource-acquisitive leaf strategies towards relatively cooler climates with shorter growing seasons, counter to expectations that conservative strategies would be favoured in such environments. We found few consistent relationships between precipitation difference sensitivities and traits. Main conclusions: The results supported key a priori foundations on how trait-based plant strategies dictate species responses to climate variation away from their niche centre. Further, plant height emerged as the most consistent trait that varied with species climate difference sensitivity, suggesting height will be key for theory development around species response to climate change.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2023View details →

Data for: Combined threats of climate change and contaminant exposure through the lens of bioenergetics

This dataset contains a detailed description of studies identified by a review examining interactive effects of climate change-sensitive environmental variables and chemical contaminant exposure.