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369 results for “Cranial morphology”
Figure 21 in The Lower Jurassic ornithischian dinosaur Heterodontosaurus tucki Crompton & Charig, 1962: cranial anatomy, functional morphology, taxonomy, and relationships
Figure 21. Heterodontosaurus tucki Crompton & Charig, 1962. SAM-PK-K337 (holotype). A, the right maxillary dentition (M.2–M.12) in lateral view (see Fig. 22 for details of M.1–M.4); B, occlusal plan view of crowns M.8–M.11 to demonstrate the minor imbrication between adjacent crowns.
Figure 14 in The Lower Jurassic ornithischian dinosaur Heterodontosaurus tucki Crompton & Charig, 1962: cranial anatomy, functional morphology, taxonomy, and relationships
Figure 14. Heterodontosaurus tucki Crompton & Charig, 1962. Attempted reconstruction of the skull in occipital view. The post-temporal fenestra (pof) appears to be reduced to a narrow channel that enters the body of the neurocranium between the parietal, supraoccipital and (perhaps the squamosal more posteriorly). The smaller, but discrete vascular opening on the paroccipital wing is assumed to have served for passage of parts of the cranial vascular system (Romer, 1956). The indented regions (?pn) on the lower lateral corner of the paroccipital wing, and the other on the rear surface of the quadrate shaft, medial to the quadrate (paraquadratic) foramen, hint at the presence of cranial pneumatism (Witmer, 1997). For full list of abbreviations see end of paper.
Figure 37. A in The Lower Jurassic ornithischian dinosaur Heterodontosaurus tucki Crompton & Charig, 1962: cranial anatomy, functional morphology, taxonomy, and relationships
Figure 37. A, Geranosaurus atavus Broom, 1911. SAM- PK-1871 (holotype). Upper image: dorsal view of the fragmentary (and subsequently damaged) remains of the anterior part of the dentaries and predentary; lower image, the extremely fragmentary right maxilla (with traces of the premaxilla), showing the broken crowns and roots of cheek teeth of a heterodontosaurid from Eastern Cape Province. Matrix on dentary block signified using irregular tone. B, Lycorhinus angustidens Haughton, 1924. SAM-PK-3606 (holotype). Partial left dentary, based on the original illustration by Haughton (re-drawn by Hopson, 1975: fig. 1a). The specimen can no longer be found (apart from the dentary crown) and is now represented only by a moulded impression of the original. C, L. angustidens Haughton, 1924. Lateral view of the left dentary dentition (from Hopson, 1975: fig. 1B) retrieved from an impression of the dentition left on the sandstone matrix preserved with the original specimen.
Figure 2 in The Lower Jurassic ornithischian dinosaur Heterodontosaurus tucki Crompton & Charig, 1962: cranial anatomy, functional morphology, taxonomy, and relationships
Figure 2. Heterodontosaurus tucki Crompton & Charig, 1962. SAM-PK-K337 (holotype). A, left lateral view drawn from slightly ventrolateral perspective. B, annotated outline drawing of the same (even grey tone represents matrix and/or plaster infill). See also Appendix 3. Abbreviations: af, internal mandibular adductor fossa; An, angular; Ar, articular; aof, antorbital fossa; Bo, basioccipital; Bs, basisphenoid; bsf, basisphenoid flange; bst, basisphenoid tuber; Co, coronoid; D, dentary; fm, foramen magnum (internal wall of right side) imf, internal mandibular fenestra; lbpt, left basipterygoid process; Ls, laterosphenoid; Mx, maxilla; N, nasal; nf, narial fossa; Os, orbitosphenoid; ovc, occipital vascular canal; Pa, parietal; Part, prearticular; Pd, predentary; pocc, paroccipital; Pro/Op, proötic-opisthotic; Prs –?presphenoid; Psp, parasphenoid; Pt, pterygoid (right); ptf, pterygoid flange; ptmr, pterygoid medial ridge; Q, quadrate; qf, quadrate (paraquadratic) foramen; Qj, quadratojugal; qpt, quadrate wing of the pterygoid; rbpta, right basipterygoid articular facet; S, supraoccipital; Sp, splenial; Sq, squamosal (broken fragment); V, trigeminal fossa (cranial nerve 5).
Figure 1 in The Lower Jurassic ornithischian dinosaur Heterodontosaurus tucki Crompton & Charig, 1962: cranial anatomy, functional morphology, taxonomy, and relationships
Figure 1. Heterodontosaurus tucki Crompton & Charig, 1962. SAM-PK-K337 (holotype). A, right lateral view drawn from the perspective in which the skull roof is aligned to the horizontal plane. B, annotated outline drawing of the same (even grey tone represents adhering matrix and/or plaster infill). See also Appendix 3. Abbreviations: An, angular; aof, antorbital fossa; apf, anterior premaxillary foramen; Ar, articular; D, dentary; emf, external mandibular fenestra; itf, infratemporal fenestra; J, jugal; jb, jugal boss; jp, ventrolateral jugal process; Mx, maxilla; mxr, lateral maxillary ridge; N, nasal; nf, narial fossa; nsul, internasal sulcus; paf, posterior antorbital fenestra; Pd, predentary; Pf, prefrontal; Pmx, premaxilla; Po, postorbital; por, postorbital ridge; Ppb, palpebral; Q, quadrate; qf, quadrate (paraquadratic) foramen; Qj, quadratojugal; Sa, surangular; sc, sagittal crest of the parietal; Sq, squamosal; sqr, squamosal ridge.
Figure 20 in The Lower Jurassic ornithischian dinosaur Heterodontosaurus tucki Crompton & Charig, 1962: cranial anatomy, functional morphology, taxonomy, and relationships
Figure 20. Heterodontosaurus tucki Crompton & Charig, 1962. SAM-PK-K337 (holotype). Anterior dentition preserved on the right side of the skull (based on a photograph taken during early preparation – prior to the complete removal of matrix from the lateral surface of the dentary caniniform. Note, the first premaxillary caniniform is not preserved on this side of the skull; the first premaxillary incisiform is only preserved on the left side of the skull. Inset diagram: sketch of the profiles of the left premaxillary dentition of SAM-PK-K337 (prepared by A. W. C./A. J. C.). For full list of abbreviations see end of paper.
Figure 30 in The Lower Jurassic ornithischian dinosaur Heterodontosaurus tucki Crompton & Charig, 1962: cranial anatomy, functional morphology, taxonomy, and relationships
Figure 30. Heterodontosaurus tucki. SAM-PK-K1334 (referred specimen). Posterior portion of the left maxilla. Segmented image prepared from computed tomography scans of the original. A, lateral aspect. Bones displayed as grey, erupted crowns shown in yellow. B, semi-transparent image of the maxilla to show the extent and arrangement of individual teeth in the maxilla. Red areas indicate the presence of replacement crowns embedded within the body of the maxilla. For full list of abbreviations see end of paper.
Figure 5 in Evolution and functional morphology of the frontal sinuses in Bovidae (Mammalia: Artiodactyla), and implications for the evolution of cranial pneumaticity
Figure 5. Digital reconstructions from computed tomography (CT) scan data of the skulls of Tetracerus quadricornis (A–B; YPM 7396) and Boselaphus tragocamelus (C–D; AMNH 22842, image reversed), illustrating frontal sinuses and related anatomy. Skulls are shown in lateral (A, C) and dorsal (B, D) views. The boxed areas indicate the region of the skull that has been rendered partially transparent in order to visualize the anatomy of the frontal sinuses. Scale bars: 5 cm.
Utility of micro-CT for dating post-cranial fractures of known post-traumatic ages through 3D measurements of the trabecular inner morphology
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