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959 results for “GeoMetre”
Dataset of the Geometric Morphometric Analysis of the article "Blank predetermination in the Iberian Acheulean. Insight from the cleaver on flake assemblage from Casal do Azemel site (Leiria, Portugal) by a Geometric Morphometric approach"
<p>Raw data and datasets of the Geometric Morphometric Analysis performed in the article "Blank predetermination in the Iberian Acheulean. Insight from the cleaver on flake assemblage from Casal do Azemel site (Leiria, Portugal) by a Geometric Morphometric approach".</p> <p>Contains the raw data, the Generalised Procrustes Analysis dataset, the Elliptic Fourier Analysis dataset and all the variables tested (on the EFA dataset). </p>
Gill morphology data and geometric morphometric data of Enteromius spp. in relation to dissolved oxygen gradients
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Using geometric morphometrics to determine the ‘fittest’ floral shape: a case study in large-flowered buzz-pollinated Melastomataceae
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Data from: Revisiting Volterra defects: Geometrical relation between edge dislocations and wedge disclinations
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Data from: A geometric VOF method for interface flow simulations
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PyTorch geometric datasets for morphVQ models
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Data from: Biot-Savart law in the geometrical theory of dislocations
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Comparative analysis of a geometric and an adhesive righting strategy against toppling in inclined hexapedal locomotion
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Geometric latches enable tuning of ultrafast, spring-propelled movements
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Data from: Geometrical frustration in nonlinear mechanics of screw dislocation
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BIDS Data for "An Optimized Registration Workflow and Standard Geometric Space for Small Animal Brain Imaging"
<p>Base data package for the “An Optimized Registration Workflow and Standard Geometric Space for Small Animal Brain Imaging” article, formatted corresponding to the Brain Imaging Data Structure.</p>
Insights from Fisher's geometric model on the likelihood of speciation under different histories of environmental change
<p>All code and simulation data necessary to repeat the analysis described in "Insights from Fisher's geometric model on the likelihood of speciation under different histories of environmental change."</p>
Categorical versus geometric morphometric approaches to characterising the evolution of morphological disparity in Osteostraci (Vertebrata, stem-Gnathostomata)
Morphological variation (disparity) is almost invariably characterised by two non-mutually exclusive approaches: (i) quantitatively, through geometric morphometrics, and (ii) in terms of discrete, 'cladistic', or categorical characters. Uncertainty over the comparability of these approaches diminishes the potential to obtain nomothetic insights into the evolution of morphological disparity and the few benchmarking studies conducted so far show contrasting results. Here, we apply both approaches to characterising morphology in the stem-gnathostome clade Osteostraci in order to assess congruence between these alternative methods as well as to explore the evolutionary patterns of the group in terms of temporal disparity and the influence of phylogenetic relationships and habitat on morphospace occupation. Our results suggest that both approaches yield similar results in morphospace occupation and clustering, but also some differences indicating that these metrics may capture different aspects of morphology. Phylomorphospaces reveal convergence towards a generalised 'horseshoe'-shaped cranial morphology and two strong trends involving major groups of osteostracans (benneviaspidids and thyestiids), which probably reflect adaptations to different lifestyles. Temporal patterns of disparity obtained from categorical and morphometric approaches appear congruent, however disparity maxima are recorded at very different times in the evolutionary history of the group when increasing the number of taxa and characters in the categorical dataset. The results of our analyses indicate that categorical and continuous datasets may characterize different patterns of morphological disparity and that discrepancies could reflect preservational limitations of morphometric data and differences in the potential of each data type for characterizing more or less inclusive aspects of overall phenotype.
Effects of taphonomic deformation on geometric morphometric analysis of fossils: a case study using the dicynodont Diictodon feliceps (Therapsida, Anomodontia)
<p>Taphonomic deformation, the distortion of fossils as a result of geological processes, poses problems for the use of geometric morphometrics in addressing paleobiological questions. Signal from biological variation, such as ontogenetic trends and sexual dimorphism, may be lost if variation from deformation is too high. Here, we investigate the effects of taphonomic deformation on geometric morphometric analyses of the abundant, well known Permian therapsid <i>Diictodon feliceps</i>. Distorted <i>Diictodon </i>crania can be categorized into seven typical styles of deformation: lateral compression, dorsoventral compression, anteroposterior compression, 'saddle-shape' deformation (localized collapse at cranial mid-length), anterodorsal shear, anteroventral shear, and right/left shear. In simulated morphometric datasets incorporating known 'biological' signals and subjected to uniform shear, deformation was typically the main source of variance but accurate 'biological' information could be recovered in most cases. However, in empirical datasets, not only was deformation the dominant source of variance, but little structure associated with allometry and sexual dimorphism was apparent, suggesting that the more varied deformation styles suffered by actual fossils overprint biological variation. In a principal component analysis of all anomodont therapsids, deformed <i>Diictodon </i>specimens exhibit significant dispersion around the 'true' position of this taxon in morphospace based on undistorted specimens. The overall variance associated with deformation for Anomodontia as a whole is minor, and the major axes of variation in the study sample show a strong phylogenetic signal instead. Although extremely problematic for studying variation in fossil taxa at lower taxonomic levels, the cumulative effects of deformation in this study are shown to be random, and inclusion of deformed specimens in higher-level analyses of morphological disparity are warranted. Mean morphologies of distorted specimens are found to approximate the morphology of undistorted specimens, so we recommend use of species-level means in higher-level analyses when possible.</p>
AFLP and geometric morphometrics for Littorina fabalis
<p>Low dispersal marine intertidal species facing strong divergent selective pressures associated with steep environmental gradients have a great potential to inform us about local adaptation and reproductive isolation. Among these, gastropods of the genus Littorina offer a unique system to study parallel phenotypic divergence resulting from adaptation to different habitats related with wave exposure. In this study, we focused on two Littorina fabalis ecotypes from Northern European shores and compared the patterns of habitat-related phenotypic and genetic divergence across three different geographic levels (local, regional and global). Geometric morphometric analyses revealed that individuals from habitats moderately exposed to waves usually present a larger shell size with a wider aperture than those from sheltered habitats. The phenotypic clustering of L. fabalis by habitat across most locations (mainly in terms of shell size) support an important role of ecology in morphological divergence. A genome scan based on amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) revealed a heterogeneous pattern of differentiation across the genome between populations from the two different habitats, suggesting ecotype divergence in the presence of gene flow. The contrasting patterns of genetic structure between nonoutlier and outlier loci, and the decreased sharing of outlier loci with geographic distance among locations are compatible with parallel evolution of phenotypic divergence, with an important contribution of gene flow and/or ancestral variation. In the future, model-based inference studies based on sequence data across the entire genome will help unravelling these evolutionary hypotheses, improving our knowledge about adaptation and its influence on diversification within the marine realm.</p>
Geometric morphometric wing analysis represents a robust tool to identify female mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Germany
<p>Accurate species identification is the prerequisite to assess the relevance of mosquito specimens, but is often hindered by missing or damaged morphological features. The present study analyses the applicability of wing geometric morphometrics as a low-cost and practical alternative to identify native mosquitoes in Germany. Wing pictures were collected for 502 female mosquitoes of five genera and 19 species from 80 sampling sites. The reliable species identification based on interspecific wing geometry of 18 landmarks per specimen was tested. Leave-one-out cross validation revealed an overall accuracy of 99% for the genus and 90% for the species identification. Misidentifications were mainly due to three pairings of <i>Aedes</i> species: <i>Aedes annulipes</i> vs. <i>Aedes cantans</i>, <i>Aedes cinereus</i> vs. <i>Aedes rossicus</i> and <i>Aedes communis </i>vs. <i>Aedes punctor.</i> Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene region was sequenced to validate the morphological and morphometric identification. Similar to the results of the morphometric analysis, the same problematic three <i>Aedes</i>-pairs clustered, but most other species could be well separated. Overall, our study underpins that morphometric wing analysis is a robust tool for reliable mosquito identification, which reach the accuracy of COI barcoding.</p>
Random forests for predicting species identity of forensically important blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and flesh flies (Sarcophagidae) using geometric morphometric data: proof of concept
<p>Wing shape variation has been shown to be useful for delineating forensically important fly species in two Diptera families: Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae. Compared to DNA-based identification, the cost of geometric morphometric data acquisition and analysis is relatively much lower because the tools required are basic, and stable softwares are available. However, to date, an explicit demonstration of using wing geometric morphometric data for species identity prediction in these two families remains lacking. Here, geometric morphometric data from 19 homologous landmarks on the left wing of males from seven species of Calliphoridae (<em>n</em>=55), and eight species of Sarcophagidae (<em>n</em>=40) were obtained and processed using Generalized Procrustes Analysis. Allometric effect was removed by regressing centroid size (in log10) against the Procrustes coordinates. Subsequently, principal component analysis of the allometry-adjusted Procrustes variables was done, with the first 15 principal components used to train a random forests model for species prediction. Using a real test sample consisting of 33 male fly specimens collected around a human corpse at a crime scene, the estimated percentage of concordance between species identities predicted using the random forests model and those inferred using DNA-based identification was about 80.6% (approximate 95% confidence interval = [68.9%, 92.2%]). In contrast, baseline concordance using naive majority class prediction was 36.4%. The results provide proof of concept that geometric morphometric data has good potential to complement morphological and DNA-based identification of blow flies and flesh flies in forensic work. </p>
Research data for "Understanding the geometric diversity of inorganic and hybrid frameworks through structural coarse-graining"
<p>This dataset supports the paper: "Understanding the geometric diversity of inorganic and hybrid frameworks through structural coarse-graining", available at the following DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03287e.</p> <p>The cleaned-up, coarse-grained, and re-scaled structures are provided here in both XYZ and CIF format. The data presented in the journal publication is also included; namely, MDS coordinates, T densities, and A-site heterogeneities for each structure in the dataset. T densities -- defined as: metals per unit volume (nm-3) -- are calculated using the re-scaled structures.</p>
Optimizing the Geometric Configuration and Manufacturing Process of High Mast Illumination Poles
<p>This work presents the development of a high-fidelity model that accounts for the cumulative effect of welding and hot- dip galvanizing on the determining the resulting residual stresses and deformations induced during the manufacturing process of high mast illumination poles (HMIPs). This model is meant to elucidate the root causes of weld toe cracks in HMIPs. A TxDOT pole-to-base plate connection detail was used as the reference model in the analysis. Welding was modeled using the plug-in Abaqus Welding Interface (AWI), which automatically implements a series of sequential thermal and mechanical analyses. Then, the welding stress results were used as initial input to the galvanizing analysis. The cumulative stress results were compared against simulations that only considered the galvanizing process. A parametric study was then conducted to quantify the variation in the residual stresses and equivalent plastic strain magnitudes induced during the welding and galvanizing of HMIPs due to changes in welding and galvanizing practices. The results revealed that the cumulative effects of the different processes involved in the manufacturing of HMIPs contribute to the formation of galvanizing cracks in HMIPs. Also, increasing the dipping submersion speed during galvanizing and lowering the torch temperature magnitude during welding results in fewer zones prone to cracking. Altering the angle of inclination effect did not have a significant impact on the results. Performing variations in the manufacturing practices used for the fabrication of HMIPs can contribute to reducing the extensive inspection procedures conducted post-galvanizing to identify cracks.</p>
Dataset for "Analytic High-order Geometric Derivatives with Polarizable Embedding in a Response Function Framework"
<p>This dataset contains data for the article "Analytic High-order Geometric Derivatives with Polarizable Embedding in a Response Function Framework"</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.