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FIGURE 4. Schisturella hansgeorgi n in Amphipoda (Crustacea; Peracarida) from the Hydrothermal vent system of the Juan De Fuca Ridge, Escabana trough and Gorda ridge, Northeast Pacific. Part I. Lysianassidae and Sebidae

FIGURE 4. Schisturella hansgeorgi n. sp. A, holotype, male habitus, lateral view (not straightened), 7.4 mm (FMNH # 13757), Scale bar 1 mm; B–D male paratype, 5.4 mm (FMNH #12862). B, antenna 1; C, antenna 2; D, lower lip; E, pleopod 1, setae not fully drawn for clarity. E1 peduncle retinaculae. Scale bar E1 = 0.1 mm, other scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 2. Paronesimoides voightae n in Amphipoda (Crustacea; Peracarida) from the Hydrothermal vent system of the Juan De Fuca Ridge, Escabana trough and Gorda ridge, Northeast Pacific. Part I. Lysianassidae and Sebidae

FIGURE 2. Paronesimoides voightae n. sp. Female paratypes, 4.7 & 4.9 mm (FMNH # 13027 & 12906). A, gnathopod 1; A1, same, palm and dactylus; B, gnathopod 2; B1, same, propodus; B2, same dactylus; C, pereopod 3; D, pereopod 4; E, pereopod 5; F, pereopod 6; G, pereopod 7; H, pleopod 1, setae not fully drawn for clarity; I, head and mouthparts. Scale bar A1, B1 0.2 mm, B2 0.1 mm, scale bar head = 0.2, other scale bars 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 1. Paronesimoides voightae n in Amphipoda (Crustacea; Peracarida) from the Hydrothermal vent system of the Juan De Fuca Ridge, Escabana trough and Gorda ridge, Northeast Pacific. Part I. Lysianassidae and Sebidae

FIGURE 1. Paronesimoides voightae n. sp. A, holotype habitus, lateral view (not straightened), female 5.2 mm (FMNH #13756). Scale bar 1 mm. – B–K paratypes, female, size 4.7 & 4.9 mm (FMNH # 13027 & 12906). B, antenna 1; C, antenna 2; C1, same different angle and specimen; D, upper lip, lateral view; D1 same, dorsal view; E, left mandible; E1, same, section of incisor and spine row (lateral view); E2 same, single spine of spine row; F, right mandible; G, lower lip; H, maxilla 1; H1 same, outer plate apical setae; H2, same, palp distal article; I, maxilla 2; J, maxilliped; J1 same, dactylus. Scale bar C1, H1, H2 and J1 0.1 mm, other scale bars 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 3. Paronesimoides voightae n in Amphipoda (Crustacea; Peracarida) from the Hydrothermal vent system of the Juan De Fuca Ridge, Escabana trough and Gorda ridge, Northeast Pacific. Part I. Lysianassidae and Sebidae

FIGURE 3. Paronesimoides voightae n. sp. Female paratype, 4.9 mm (FMNH #12906) and male paratype (FMNH # 12848) 4.2 mm. A, female gnathopod 1 coxa; B, female gnathopod 2 coxa; C, female telson; D, female coxa 7- epimeron 3; E, brood plate; F, female gill; G, gnathopod 1, male; G1, same, palm. H, uropod, female 1; I, uropod, female 2; J, uropod, female 3. Scale bar A, B, G = 0.5 mm. Scale bars H, I, J 0.1 mm., other scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 4 in A new Western Pacific Tonguefish (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae): The first Pleuronectiform discovered at active Hydrothermal Vents

FIGURE 4. Capture locations for holotype (indicated by star) and other specimens (indicated by black circles) of Symphurus thermophilus examined in this study. Another locality where species has also been observed is indicated by the black square.

FIGURE 1 in A new Western Pacific Tonguefish (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae): The first Pleuronectiform discovered at active Hydrothermal Vents

FIGURE 1. Ocular-side view of Symphurus thermophilus, new species, holotype NSMT-P 70849, 98.7 mm SL, adult female, collected at 440 m on Kaikata Seamount, Minami-Ensei Knoll, Mid-Okinawa Trough, Western Pacific, 17 August 1996.

FIGURE 3 in A new Western Pacific Tonguefish (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae): The first Pleuronectiform discovered at active Hydrothermal Vents

FIGURE 3. Photographs of the hydrothermal vent tonguefish, Symphurus thermophilus. A. In situ photograph of S. thermophilus observed at Rumble 3 site, western Pacific, an area where this species occurs in high abundance. B. In situ photograph of S. thermophilus (most individuals <10 cm TL) observed at Daikoku Seamount, western Pacific, an area where this species occurs in high abundance. C. Photo of recently captured juvenile S. thermophilus taken at the Barnacle Boulders site at Kasuga-2, Mariana Islands. Figures 3A–C provided courtesy of NOAA's Ocean Exploration Program and available from http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/gallery/livingocean/livingocean_fish.html#fish (Accessed 3 June 2008) and http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/06fire/logs/hires/tonguefish_crabs_nikko_hires.jpg (Accessed 3 June 2008)

FIGURE 2 in A new Western Pacific Tonguefish (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae): The first Pleuronectiform discovered at active Hydrothermal Vents

FIGURE 2. Blind-side view of holotype of Symphurus thermophilus, new species, holotype NSMT-P 70849, 98.7 mm SL, adult female collected at Kaikata Seamount, Minami-Ensei Knoll, Mid–Okinawa Trough, Western Pacific.

Figure 5 in Diversity and abnormalities of cyclopoid copepods around hydrothermal vent fluids, Kueishantao Island, north-eastern Taiwan

Figure 5. Photographs showing TLAs on the body surface of cyclopoid copepods from Kueshintao Island, off the north-east Taiwan coast. (A) Oncaea sp. with external protrusion (5× magnification); (B) Oncaea sp. with external protrusion (10× magnification); (C) Corycaeus sp. with epibiont attached on cephalothorax (10× magnification); (D) Oncaea sp. with spiny outgrowths from the protrusion (100× magnification), probably representing tantulocarid infection.

Figure 3 in Diversity and abnormalities of cyclopoid copepods around hydrothermal vent fluids, Kueishantao Island, north-eastern Taiwan

Figure 3. Relative abundance of cyclopoid copepod species recorded from Kueshintao Island, north-east Taiwan during this survey.

Figure 4 in Diversity and abnormalities of cyclopoid copepods around hydrothermal vent fluids, Kueishantao Island, north-eastern Taiwan

Figure 4. Single-linkage Bray–Curtis dendrogram of cyclopoid copepod abundance in the surveyed area.

Figure 1 in Diversity and abnormalities of cyclopoid copepods around hydrothermal vent fluids, Kueishantao Island, north-eastern Taiwan

Figure 1. Location of sampling stations along the Kueshintao Island, off the north-eastern Taiwan coast.

FIGURE 12 in Vulcanolepas scotiaensis sp. nov., a new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Scotia Sea, Antarctica

FIGURE 12. Benthic Ecology: The V. scotiaensis sp. nov. assemblage at the "Dog's Head" vent in E2. The morphotype present here is predominantly the 'robust' variety of V. scotiaensis sp. nov., and specimens are generally heavily encrusted with blackish Fe/Mn minerals. The greatest density of organisms is found along what is interpreted as an old, or dying active vent. The bio-density in this reduced energy environment is significantly lower than at "Carwash" (Figure 11).

FIGURE 10a in Vulcanolepas scotiaensis sp. nov., a new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Scotia Sea, Antarctica

FIGURE 10a. Ratios of peduncle to capitulum length. The "gracile" form (shown as series 1, a diamond) is the less ornamented variety, and by far the most abundant in the collections. During growth, the peduncle can grow up to 20 times the length of the capitulum. The trend line included is for the "gracile" form only; the R2 correlation of this regression at 0.72518 confirms a reasonable correlation—i.e. that with growth, the pedun11 cle can be expected to become proportionately longer. However, the "robust" variety (shown here as series 2, a square) has subequal p:c ratios, and this apparently changes little with growth (= age), such that some larger specimens may even possess a capitulum that is slightly longer than the peduncle. This part of the graph is isolated and used in Figure 10b. Data base 57 specimens ("gracile" from JC42 F-0396 (34), JC42 F386 (10); "robust" 13 from JC42-F0122). p = peduncle length, c = capitulum length.

FIGURE 5 in Vulcanolepas scotiaensis sp. nov., a new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Scotia Sea, Antarctica

FIGURE 5. Morphotypes of Vulcanolepas scotiaensis sp. nov. a: The "gracile" form. Holotype NHMUK 2013.1031. The capitulum comprises eight approximate, calcareous plates: carina (c), rostrum (r) and paired terga (t), scuta (s) and medial latera (ml); is = imbricating scale of the peduncle. Note the broadly arched profile of the carina (compared with b), and on the tergum, the weak longitudinal ridge on the scutal side that extends to a point near the apex of the medial latus. The peduncle has been truncated in this diagram (see Figure 6f for an appreciation of the relative peduncle to capitulum length). b: The "robust" form. Paratype NHMUK 2013.1032. Note the nodose pattern on the plates, produced by intersection of strong growth lines with longitudinal ribs. The peduncle, although truncated for this diagram, is approximately the same length as the capitulum.

FIGURE 4 in Vulcanolepas scotiaensis sp. nov., a new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Scotia Sea, Antarctica

FIGURE 4. Genetic relationship of V. scotiaensis sp. nov. with other neolepadines: 28S Bayesian majority-rule consensus phylogeny. Bayesian posterior support and maximum likelihood bootstrap support are respectively shown next to each tree node.

FIGURE 8. Vulcanolepas scotiaensis Appendages and trophi. a in Vulcanolepas scotiaensis sp. nov., a new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Scotia Sea, Antarctica

FIGURE 8. Vulcanolepas scotiaensis Appendages and trophi. a: Cirrus I; b: Cirrus II. c Right second maxilla; d: Right maxilla (or maxillule); e: Right mandible, showing modification of the two lower teeth and the inferior angle into a comb-like structure, a characteristic feature of the neolepadines noted in Southward & Newman, (1998: 261). f: Intermediate segment of cirrus VI, showing six pairs of long, simple setae and below these, three pairs of successively shorter, finer setae (setae truncated). g: Uni-articulate caudal appendage. (Note that in these diagrams, the density of the setae on the trophi is reduced). From JC42-F-0396.

FIGURE 2 in Vulcanolepas scotiaensis sp. nov., a new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Scotia Sea, Antarctica

FIGURE 2. Distribution of described species of Neolepadinae. In addition to these eight species, Newman et al. (2006) list at least a further nine taxa to be described. These new taxa are not defined at genus level here, nor is their distribution likely to be complete; they are included to provide an appreciation of the wide distribution of the subfamily. Although primarily from the eastern and southern Pacific Ocean, these undescribed taxa include a form intermediate between Leucolepas and Neolepas from the Indian Ocean Ridge (Newman et al., 2006: 362). It is likely that further neolepadines will be found as the known distribution is a reflection of where sampling regimes have been most active; the apparent absence of neolepadines from the widely sampled mid Atlantic Ridge refugial ecosystems is nonetheless surprising.

FIGURE 1 in Vulcanolepas scotiaensis sp. nov., a new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Scotia Sea, Antarctica

FIGURE 1. Locality diagram. Regional setting of the East Scotia Ridge back-arc basin, some 400–500 kilometres southeast of South Georgia in the Southern Ocean. Vent-field segments E2 and E9 of the ESR (shown by stars) are roughly positioned along a longitudinal line immediately to west of the South Sandwich Islands.

FIGURE 7. Vulcanolepas scotiaensis Plate morphology. a in Vulcanolepas scotiaensis sp. nov., a new deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle (Eolepadidae: Neolepadinae) from hydrothermal vents in the Scotia Sea, Antarctica

FIGURE 7. Vulcanolepas scotiaensis Plate morphology. a: Capitulum (left side, exterior) showing plate arrangement (carina, rostrum and peduncle removed); b: Capitulum (interior) showing plate arrangement; c: Carina (exterior); d: Carina (interior); e: Rostrum (exterior); f: Rostrum (interior). From JC42-F-0396.