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Figs. 35-39 in New taxa of the Largidae and Pyrrhocoridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from the Oriental Region

Figs. 35-39. Pygophore (posterior view). 35 – Armatillus sulawesiensis sp. nov.; 36 – A. orthocephaloides (Breddin, 1912); 37 – Brancucciana (Rubriascopus) orientalis sp. nov.; 38 – B. (R.) pygmaea (Distant, 1903); 39 – Euscopus tristis sp. nov.

Fig. 2 in Brachyradia, A New Genus Of The Tribe Exechiini (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) From The Oriental And Australasian Regions

Fig. 2. Morphology of adult Brachyradia, new genus. Photos (A–F) and illustrations (G–H) of cleared and slide-mounted parts. (A) Head of B. asiatica, new species, in dorsal view with antennae removed; (B) ditto with whole antennae and palps; (C) head of B. australis, new species, in lateral view; (D) palp segment III–IV of B. australis, new species, enlarged in dorsal view; (E) palp segment III–V of B. australis, new species, enlarged in lateral view; (F) antennae of B. australis, new species, enlarged in lateral view; (G) internal organs of male terminalia of B. asiatica, new species, lateral view with gonostyles removed; (H) internal organs of male terminalia of B. australis, new species, caudal view with gonostyles removed. Abbreviations: aed gd = aedeagal guide; aed = aedeagal apparatus; cerc = cercus; clyp = clypeus; epi = epiproct; fc = face; flag = flagellum; fr fur = frontal furrow; fr tub = frontal tubercle; gc ap = gonocoxal apodeme; gc II = section II of gonocoxite; gc III = section III of gonocoxite; hyp pr = hypoproct; hyp lb = hypandrial lobe; l oc = lateral ocellus; par = paramere; par ap = parameral apodeme; sens pit = sensory pit; tg IX = tergite IX; vrt = vertex.

Fig. 1 in Brachyradia, A New Genus Of The Tribe Exechiini (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) From The Oriental And Australasian Regions

Fig. 1. Morphology of adult Brachyradia, new genus. Photos of whole (moderately bleached) specimens in alcohol (A, B) and cleared and slide-mounted parts (C–F). (A) Habitus of B. asiatica, new species; (B) habitus of B. australis, new species; (C) thorax with coxae of B. australis, new species, enlarged in lateral view. The shape of anepisternum and propleurites is enhanced. (D) Wing of male B. asiatica, new species; (E) wing of large female B. australis, new species; (F) wing of small male B. australis, new species. Abbreviations: A1 = anterior anal vein; A2 = posterior anal vein; anepist = anepisternum; aprnt = antepronotum; C = costa; CuA1 and CuA2 = anterior branch of cubitus; CuP = posterior branch of cubitus; cx 1 = forecoxa; cx 2 = midcoxa; cx 3 = hindcoxa; dmp = distal median plate; h = humeral; hlt = halter; ltg = laterotergite; M-pet = petiole of media; M1 and M2 = branches of media; mtg = mediotergite; mtepst = metepisternum; proepist = proepisternum; R1 = anterior branch of radius; R4+5 = posterior branch of radius; Rs = radial sector; sc = subcosta; sctl = scutellum; ta = anterior transversal (= crossvein rm); tb = basal transversal.

Fig. 4 in Brachyradia, A New Genus Of The Tribe Exechiini (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) From The Oriental And Australasian Regions

Fig. 4. Terminalia of Brachyradia australis, new species: (A) male terminalia in ventral view; (B) gonostylus in internal view; (C) tergite IX, proctiger and cerci in dorsal view; (D) female terminalia in lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 3 in Brachyradia, A New Genus Of The Tribe Exechiini (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) From The Oriental And Australasian Regions

Fig. 3. Terminalia of Brachyradia asiatica, new species: (A) male terminalia in ventral view; (B) gonostylus in internal view; (C) tergite IX, proctiger and cerci in dorsal view; (D) female terminalia in lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: d br = dorsal branch of gonostylus; di br = dorsointernal branch of gonostylus; hyp lb = hypandrial lobe; i br = internal branch of gonostylus; m br = medial branch of gonostylus; v br = ventral branch of gonostylus.

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Figs 8-9 in New synonyms, and first and interesting records of certain species of the subtribe Stenolophina from the Palaearctic, Oriental and Afrotropical regions (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Harpalini, Stenolophina)

Figs 8-9: Psychristus (Psychristus) dentatus JAEGER, 2009. Median lobe of aedeagus, lateral and dorsal aspects. (8-9) China, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna NP.

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Figs 1-3 in New synonyms, and first and interesting records of certain species of the subtribe Stenolophina from the Palaearctic, Oriental and Afrotropical regions (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Harpalini, Stenolophina)

Figs 1-3: Anthracus angusticollis (PÉRINGUEY, 1908). Habitus, head and pronotum. (1-3) Madagascar, Katsepy.

Fig. 6. A–B, A. melanocephalus. A in A Review Of The Genus Arocatus From Palaearctic And Oriental Regions (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeidae)

Fig. 6. A–B, A. melanocephalus. A, phallus, dorsal view; B, enlarged ejaculatory reservoir, lateral view; C–E, A. pseudosericans, new species. C, phallus, dorsal view; D, enlarged ejaculatory reservoir, dorsal view; E, enlarged ejaculatory reservoir, lateral view. Lettering: ba: basal apparatus; co: conjunctiva; er: ejaculatory reservoir; gp: gonoporal process; hp: helicoid process; ph: phallotheca; sbp: support bridge prolongation; sg: secondary gonopore; ve: vesica. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 7. A–B, A. sericans. A in A Review Of The Genus Arocatus From Palaearctic And Oriental Regions (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeidae)

Fig. 7. A–B, A. sericans. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C–D, A. continctus, lectotype. C, lateral view; D, dorsal view; E–F, Caenocoris dimidiatus, lectotype. E, dorsal view; F, labels. Scale bars = 5.0 mm.

Fig. 5 in A Review Of The Genus Arocatus From Palaearctic And Oriental Regions (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeidae)

Fig. 5. Right parameres in four different aspects. A–D, A. melanocephalus; E–H, A. pseudosericans, new species; I–L, A. sericans. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 4 in A Review Of The Genus Arocatus From Palaearctic And Oriental Regions (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeidae)

Fig. 4. Arocatus spp., dorsal, ventral or lateral view. A, B, A. pilosulus, one of the syntypes; C, A. pilosulus; D, E, A. pseudosericans, new species, holotype; F, A. pseudosericans, new species; G, A. roeselii; H, A. rufipes; I, A. suboeneus. Scale bars = 5.0 mm.

Fig. 3. A–G, J, K in A Review Of The Genus Arocatus From Palaearctic And Oriental Regions (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeidae)

Fig. 3. A–G, J, K, Pygophores in posterodorsal or posterior view. A, B, A. melanocephalus; C, D, A. melanostoma; E, F, A. pseudosericans, new species; G, A. rufipes; J, K, A. sericans. H, I, L–T: Left parameres in different aspects. H, I, A. rufipes; L, M, A. melanocephalus; N–P, A. melanostoma; Q, R, A. pseudosericans, new species; S, T, A. sericans. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (A–G, J, K), 0.1 mm (H, I, L–T).

Fig. 2. A–C, A. longiceps. A in A Review Of The Genus Arocatus From Palaearctic And Oriental Regions (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeidae)

Fig. 2. A–C, A. longiceps. A, pygophore in posterodorsal view; B, right paramere in ventral view; C, right paramere in dorsal view. D–F, A. roeselii. D, pygophore in posterodorsal view; E, right paramere in vental view; F, right paramere in dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (A, D), 0.2 mm (B, C, E, F).

Fig. 1 in A Review Of The Genus Arocatus From Palaearctic And Oriental Regions (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeidae)

Fig. 1. Arocatus spp., dorsal, ventral or lateral view. A, A. longiceps; B, C, A. melanocephalus; D, E, A. melanostoma; F, G, A. nanus; H, I, A. nicobarensis, one of the syntypes. Scale bars = 5.0 mm.

Figs. 42–46 in Biology And Description Of The Third Instar Larva And Puparium Of Ichneumonopsis Burmensis Hardy (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Gastrozonini), A Bamboo-Breeding Fruit Fly From The Oriental Region

Figs. 42–46. Puparium of I. burmensis (SEM photographs). 42, Apical end of the puparium showing the anterior spiracles. 43, Detail of invaginated frontal part of prothorax showing the locations of the paired sensilla. 44, Detail of the anterior spiracle showing three papillae. 45, Caudal end of the puparium. 46, Posterior spiracles. an = anus; as = anterior spiracle; pts 2–9 = prothoracic sensillae.

Figs. 34–41 in Biology And Description Of The Third Instar Larva And Puparium Of Ichneumonopsis Burmensis Hardy (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Gastrozonini), A Bamboo-Breeding Fruit Fly From The Oriental Region

Figs. 34–41. Thoracic and abdominal segments of the I. burmensis larva. 34, Pseudocephalon and prothorax, dorsal view. 35, Prothoracic paired sensilla and anterior spiracle (lateral view). 36, Prothoracic paired sensilla (dorsal view). 37, Enlarged paired prothoracic sensilla (pts5). 38, Detail of anterior spiracle showing the papillae. 39, Detail of a creeping welt showing the spinules. 40, Caudal segment showing the posterior spiracle, anus and the locations of some sensilla. 41, Posterior spiracles. T1 = prothorax; an = anus; as = anterior spiracle; es = ecdysial scar; I1, I2 = intermediate sensilla; p ceph = pseudocephalon; pts 1–10 = prothoracic sensilla; ps = posterior spiracle; sh = spiracular hairs.

Figs. 28–33 in Biology And Description Of The Third Instar Larva And Puparium Of Ichneumonopsis Burmensis Hardy (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Gastrozonini), A Bamboo-Breeding Fruit Fly From The Oriental Region

Figs. 28–33. Cephalopharyngeal skeleton, anterior/ posterior spiracles and larval habitus of I. burmensis (light microscopy). 28, Anterior spiracle. 29, Detail of anterior spiracle showing the papillae. 30, Posterior spiracle. 31. Spiracular hairs. 32, Cephalopharyngeal skeleton. 33, Larval habitus. A1–A7 = abdominal segments; as = anterior spiracle; cs = caudal segment; cw = creeping welt; da = dorsal apodeme; db = dorsal bridge; dc = dorsal cornu; ec = ecdysial scar; hb = hypopharyngeal bridge; hs = hypopharyngeal sclerite; ls = labial sclerite; mh = mouth hook; p ceph = pseudocephalon; pb = parastomal bar; pt = praeapical tooth; sh = spiracular hairs; T1–T3 = thoracic segments; win = window; va = ventral apodeme; vb = ventral bridge; vc = ventral cornu; vs = ventral sclerite.

Figs. 15–21 in Biology And Description Of The Third Instar Larva And Puparium Of Ichneumonopsis Burmensis Hardy (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Gastrozonini), A Bamboo-Breeding Fruit Fly From The Oriental Region

Figs. 15–21. Damage symptoms of bamboo shoots attacked by I. burmensis. 15, Tip of an unaffected Melocalamus compactiflorus bamboo shoot. 16, Tip of a Melocalamus compactiflorus bamboo shoot infested by I. burmensis. The leaves of the upper internodes have started to wither. 17, The apical internodes have dropped down to the ground, but the I. burmensis internode is still attached to the bamboo shoot. A part of the internode sheath was removed in order to show the location of the bud, the zone of intercalary growth and the predetermined breaking point. 18, The newly emerged branches at the base of the I. burmensis-internode have displaced the internode sheath. Most branches are not depicted in order to show the exit hole above the predetermined breaking point. 19, The I. burmensis internode has cracked at the level of the exit hole and dangles at the tip of the bamboo shoot. The puparium is still protected by the torn off vascular fibres. 20, The apical part of the I. burmensis-internode has dropped to the ground. The basal stump of the internode remains attached at the tip of the bamboo shoot and harbours the puparium. 21, Longitudinal section of the enlarged basal part of an I. burmensis-internode showing the location of the puparium. b = branch; bb = branch bud; cs = culm sheath; eh = exit hole; ii = I. burmensis-internode; n = node; p = puparium; pbp = predetermined breaking point; sb = sheath blade; vf = vascular fibres; zig = zone of intercalary growth.

Figs. 8–14 in Biology And Description Of The Third Instar Larva And Puparium Of Ichneumonopsis Burmensis Hardy (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Gastrozonini), A Bamboo-Breeding Fruit Fly From The Oriental Region

Figs. 8–14. Damage of bamboo shoots caused by I. burmensis, and pupariation. 8, Basal part of an I. burmensis internode, early stage of infestation. The culm sheath was removed to show the branch bud, the zone of intercalary growth and the predetermined breaking point of the internode. 9, The apical part of the bamboo shoot has fallen down, but the I. burmensis-internode is still attached to the bamboo shoot. The emerging side branches have pushed away the culm sheath from the internode wall. 10, I. burmensis internode with side branches largely removed in order to show the slit-like exit hole. 11, The I. burmensis-internode has cracked at the level of the exit hole (above the predetermined breaking point). The exposed internode cavity is filled with torn off, compressed vascular fibres, which protect the puparium. 12, The cracked upper part of the I. burmensis-internode has dropped to the ground. The puparium rests inside the stump of the I. burmensis internode at the tip of the bamboo shoot. 13, I. burmensis puparium stuck in the basal part of the internode. The internode was broken at the predetermined breaking point in order to show the protruding puparium. 14, I. burmensis puparium stuck in the upper part of the internode cavity, anterior end on right hand side. as = anterior spiracle; bb = branch bud; cs = culm sheath; eh = exit hole; ii = I. burmensis-internode; p = puparium; pbp = predetermined breaking point; vf = vascular fibres; zig = zone of intercalary growth.