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FIGURE 2. Erythroxylum niquelandense M. J. Silva & Loiola. A. Habitat and habit. B in A new species of Erythroxylum (Erythoxylaceae) from the seasonal dry forests of the state of Goiás, Brazil
FIGURE 2. Erythroxylum niquelandense M. J. Silva & Loiola. A. Habitat and habit. B. Leaves and phylotaxy, note the conspicuous veins on the adaxial surface and slightly bullate leaf. C. Stipules. D. Stem and bark detail. E. Fascicle with flower bud, open flowers, and immature fruits. F. Immature fruits longitudinally striated, note the different shapes. G. Fruit in advanced stage of maturation with red apex. (Images taken by M. J. Silva)
FIGURE 3 in A new species of Erythroxylum (Erythoxylaceae) from the seasonal dry forests of the state of Goiás, Brazil
FIGURE 3. Distribution map of Erythroxylum niquelandense M. J. Silva & Loiola in Goiás state, Central-West region, Brazil.
Figure 4. Similarity profile CqN for q in Diversity of orb-weaving spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from tropical dry forest in Northern Colombia, with eleven new records for the country
Figure 4. Similarity profile CqN for q = 0, q = 1 and q = 2 among forests. The bars correspond to 95% confidence intervals.
Figure 3. Diversity profile for q between 0 and 2 in Diversity of orb-weaving spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from tropical dry forest in Northern Colombia, with eleven new records for the country
Figure 3. Diversity profile for q between 0 and 2 of the forests studied. The shaded areas correspond to 95% confidence intervals.
Figure 1 in Diversity of orb-weaving spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from tropical dry forest in Northern Colombia, with eleven new records for the country
Figure 1. Study area showing the locations of tropical dry forest fragments in the Department of Sucre, Colombia.
Data for: Aridity and chronic anthropogenic disturbance as organizing forces of fruit-feeding butterfly assemblages in a Caatinga dry forest
<p><span>Anthropogenic disturbances and climate change are expected to reorganize biodiversity on multiple ecological levels from populations to ecosystems, especially in arid and semiarid regions due to environmental filtering imposed by water stress. This paper examines the individual and combined effects of chronic anthropogenic disturbance and increased aridity on the structure of fruit-feeding butterfly assemblages in a human-modified landscape of Caatinga dry forest, in the northeast of Brazil. Butterflies were recorded monthly across old-growth forest stands and their assemblages were described in terms of taxonomic and functional community-level attributes confronted with different levels of chronic disturbance and aridity. Butterfly assemblages were species-poor but had high species replacement (turnover) along both the chronic disturbance and aridity gradients. We observed a negative effect of aridity on the alpha and beta diversity of butterfly assemblages. Butterfly assemblages across forest stands exposed to high levels of chronic disturbance and aridity had a nested structure. Functional diversity (Rao's Q) and the community-weighted means (CWM) of ocellus-bearing species and monocot-feeding larvae were negatively and positively affected by increased aridity and chronic disturbance, respectively. Our findings suggest that aridity and its combination with chronic disturbance have a drastic effect on the structure of butterfly assemblages in the Caatinga dry forest. These findings highlight that rainfall and chronic disturbances as major drivers of biological reorganization in human-modified landscapes. As aridity increases, Caatinga tends to support taxonomically and functionally impoverished and highly distorted assemblages.</span></p>
FIGURE 10 in A new species of Akodon Meyen, 1833 (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from dry forests of the Amazonia-Cerrado transition
FIGURE 10. Anterior portion of braincase in lateral view of A: Akodon diauarum n. sp. (MN 73906), B: A. paranaensis (MZUSP 29094), and C: A. montensis (UFMG 2695). Abbreviations: fps, frontoparietal suture; Fr, frontal; fss, frontosquamosal suture; lpp, lateral projection of the parietal; Pa, parietal; Sq, squamosal. Note that the frontosquamosal and the frontoparietal sutures are mostly colinear in A. montensis and A. paranaensis, but form an acute angle (approximate 90º) in Akodon diauarum n. sp., presenting an area of contact between the dorsal facet of frontal and squamosal (white arrow); and the lpp highly and moderately developed in Akodon diauarum n. sp. and A. paranaensis, respectively, but absent (or inconspicuous, when present) in A. montensis. Figures are not to scale to facilitate comparisons.
FIGURE 9 in A new species of Akodon Meyen, 1833 (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from dry forests of the Amazonia-Cerrado transition
FIGURE 9. Selected anatomical features of the skull and mandible of Akodon diauarum n. sp. based on adult individuals (MZUSP 36029 [A-C, E-G, J], MZUSP 36038 [D], MCN-M 1382 [H], MN 73906 [I]): dorsal view: A) rostrum; B) interorbital region; C) braincase; ventral view: D) palatal region; F) posterior portion of the skull; lateral view: E) rostrum; G) posterior portion of the skull; ventrolateral (H) and lateral (I) views: of alisphenoid bone region; lateral view: J) mandible. Abbreviations are: ab, auditory bulla; als, alisphenoid strut; an, angular notch; ap, angular process; boc, basioccipital; bmf, buccinatormasticatory foramen; cap, capsular projection; cp, condyloid process; crp, coronoid process; Exo, exoccipital; foa, foramen ovale accessory; Fr, frontal; fs, frontal sinus; gp, gnathic process; if, incisive foramen; Ip, interparietal; la, lacrimal; lpp, lateral projection of the parietal; lr, lambdoidal ridge; mas, mastoid; Max, maxillary; mbt, trough for buccinator-masticatory branch of maxillary nerve; mf, mental foramen; ms, mesopterygoid fossa; Na, Nasal; nc, nasolacrimal capsule; Pa, parietal; Pal, palate; palc, posterior opening of the alisphenoid canal; pgf, postglenoid foramen; psp, posterior suspensory process of squamosal; Pre, premaxillae; pt, parapterygoid fossa; sag, squamosal-alisphenoid groove; sn, sigmoid notch; Sq, squamosal; ssf, subsquamosal fenestra; stf, stapedial foramen; szr, squamosal zygomatic root; tt, tegmen tympani; zn, zygomatic notch; zp, zygomatic plate. White-dotted lines indicate relative position of some anatomical features.
FIGURE 6 in A new species of Akodon Meyen, 1833 (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from dry forests of the Amazonia-Cerrado transition
FIGURE 6. Upper and lower left molar tooth rows in occlusal view of Akodon n. sp. (MCN-M 3219—left, and MCN-M 1382—center), and A. cursor (MZUFV 2335 - right). Abbreviations: paraflexus (pf), metaflexus (mf) and mesoflexid (mfd).
FIGURE 3 in A new species of Akodon Meyen, 1833 (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from dry forests of the Amazonia-Cerrado transition
FIGURE 3. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of skin of Akodon n. sp. (left pair: MCN–M 1382, 1383), and A. cursor (right pair: MZUFV 1947, 2045).
FIGURE 7 in A new species of Akodon Meyen, 1833 (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from dry forests of the Amazonia-Cerrado transition
FIGURE 7. Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of skull and lateral view of mandible of holotype of Akodon diauarum n. sp. (MZUSP 29672). Scale bar: 10mm.
FIGURE 8 in A new species of Akodon Meyen, 1833 (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from dry forests of the Amazonia-Cerrado transition
FIGURE 8. Fluid (alcohol) preserved specimen of Akodon diauarum n. sp. (MZUSP 36035) in ventral (A) and lateral view (B) of the head region, and plantar view of left hind foot (C) and manus (D). Abbreviations are: I–V, digits; 1–4, interdigital pads; h, hypothenar pad; t, thenar pad.
FIGURE 5 in A new species of Akodon Meyen, 1833 (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from dry forests of the Amazonia-Cerrado transition
FIGURE 5. Selected anatomical features of the skull of Akodon n. sp. (left) and A. cursor (right). A) rostral and palatal region in ventral view (MCN-M 1382, MZUFV 1947); B) rostral region in dorsal view (MN 73906, MZUFV 1947); C) alisphenoid bone region in lateral/oblique view (MCN-M 1382, MZUFV 1949); D) posterior region of braincase in lateral view (MN 73906, MZUFV 1947). Abbreviations are: Al, alisphenoid; Exo, exoccipital; if, incisive foramen; lpp, lateral projection of the parietal; ms, mesopterygoid fossa; nc, nasolacrimal capsule; Pa, parietal; Sq, squamosal; zn, zygomatic notch. White-dotted (A and B) indicate comparative alignments. Note the different shape of the squamosal-alisphenoid suture black lines in C) linear throughout most of its length in Akodon n. sp. and curved (frequently S-like) in A. cursor. Figures are out of scale in order to improve comparisons.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Akodon Meyen, 1833 (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from dry forests of the Amazonia-Cerrado transition
FIGURE 1. Collecting localities of Akodon n. sp. Legend: specimens identified by morphology (circles) and karyotype (triangles and star), and type locality (star). Numbers refer to localities listed in the Appendix II. The limits of ecoregions follow Dinerstein et al. (2017). In the main map: Brazilian state limits in black and main rivers in gray lines. In the captioned map, note the large distance (about 1,540 km) between the geographic range of Akodon n. sp. (light-gray) and Akodon cursor (dark-gray).
FIGURE 4 in A new species of Akodon Meyen, 1833 (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from dry forests of the Amazonia-Cerrado transition
FIGURE 4. Dorsal, ventral and lateral views of skull and lateral view of mandible of Akodon n. sp. (MZUSP 36034—left) and A. cursor (MZUFV 1947—right). Scale bar = 10 mm.
FIGURE S1 in A new species of Akodon Meyen, 1833 (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from dry forests of the Amazonia-Cerrado transition
FIGURE S1. Karyotype (2n=10, FN=15) of one individual of Akodon diauarum n. sp. (MN FMH-Vale 1217) from Floresta Nacional de Carajás, Pará (locality 15, Figure 1).
Figure 4 in Use of remote cameras to evaluate ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) population parameters in seasonal tropical dry forests of central-western Mexico
Figure 4: Relationship between estimated ocelot density and precipitation in tropical rain forests (TRF) and tropical seasonal ecosystems (TSE). Ocelot density in tropical rain forest was the closest to show a significant increase with annual precipitation (R2 = 0.2463, p = 0.071).
Figure 3 in Use of remote cameras to evaluate ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) population parameters in seasonal tropical dry forests of central-western Mexico
Figure 3: Estimated ocelot density in tropical rainforest sites (TRF) and tropical seasonal ecosystems (TSE). Thick horizontal lines correspond to median values. The upper and lower extremes of the boxes correspond to the first and third quartiles, whiskers correspond to 1.5 times the interquartile range of the data and empty circles are outliers.
Figure 2 in Use of remote cameras to evaluate ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) population parameters in seasonal tropical dry forests of central-western Mexico
Figure 2: Examples of markings employed for individual recognition of ocelots. (A) and (B) Photographic recapture of same individual in the locality of El Naranjal. (C) and (D) Different individuals recorded in the locality of Playa del Venado. The oval indicates an example of a set of unique spot and stripes patterns employed for individual identification.
FIGURES 16–19 in First records of Pieza Evenhuis, 2002 (Diptera: Mythicomyiidae: Mythicomyiinae) from Colombia, with description of a new species from arid zones of a Tropical dry forest
FIGURES 16–19. Pieza rafaeli Mendes, Lamas, Evenhuis & Limeira-de-Oliveira, 2019. (LEUA-55202). Female. 16, Habitus, left lateral view; 17, Head, frontal view; 18, Thorax, dorsal view; 19, Abdomen, dorsal view.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.