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Figure 7 in Biogeography of the high mountain Lepidoptera in the Balkan Peninsula

Figure 7. Vertical distribution of the alpine and Balkanic oreal species in the Pirin Mts. Legend: Horizontal lines 1 – upper limit of grassy vegetation (Vihren, 2915 m), 2 upper limit of Pinus montana (isolated scrubs) ~ 2600 m, 3 – upper limit of Pinus montana/Juniperus nana zone ~ 2400 m, 4 – lower limit of ArcticAlpine cusheon plants and dwarf scrubs ~ 2300 m, 5 – upper limit ofPinus heldreichii stands. Vertical lines: 1 – Boloria graeca, 2 – Erebia melas, 3 – E. ottomana, 4 – E. orientalis, 5 – E. rhodopensis, 6 – Boloria pales, 7 – Euphydryas cynthia, 8 – Erebia cassioides, 9 – E. gorge, 10 – Glacies coracina.

Figure 5 in Biogeography of the high mountain Lepidoptera in the Balkan Peninsula

Figure 5. Vertical distribution of the Boloria pales group in European high mountains. The niche overlap is between the synpatric species is mostly insignificant.

Figure 6 in Biogeography of the high mountain Lepidoptera in the Balkan Peninsula

Figure 6. Vertical distribution of the species of the Erebia pluto group + E. melas in European high mountains. The niche overlap is between the synpatric species is mostly insignificant.

Figure 3 in Biogeography of the high mountain Lepidoptera in the Balkan Peninsula

Figure 3. Distribution of Erebia gorge on the Balkan peninsula and in the Carpathians. The populations of the southeastern Alps and western Balcanic mountains are closely related, the populations of the Carpathians and the Bulgarian high mountains belong to an other group. Legend: western subspecies: G – Erebia gorge gorge; V – E. gorge vagana; H – E. gorge hercegovinensis(Dinaric Mts); A – E. gorge albanica; (the latter with reduction of apical ocelli); eastern subspecies: R – E. gorge rudkwskyi; FKE. gorge fridericikoenigi; P – E. gorge pirinica(in Rila Mts often in f. triopes).

Figure 2 in Biogeography of the high mountain Lepidoptera in the Balkan Peninsula

Figure 2. Distribution of Erebia epiphron and Erebia orientalis in the Carpathians and on the Balkan peninsula. Legend: 1 – Erebia epiphron aetherius: the widely distributed eastern Alpine – western Balkanic subspecies group (in Pelister: E. epiphron roosi, (1a)); 2 – Erebia epiphron transsylvanica; or – Erebia orientalis, different subspeces in Stara Planina, Rila and Pirin.

Figure 1 in Biogeography of the high mountain Lepidoptera in the Balkan Peninsula

Figure 1. Southern boundary of arcticalpine and alpine species on the Balkan peninsula and the Adamović line. The high mountain systems of southeastern Europe, their number of arcticalpine marcoLepidoptera species (numbers in circles) and the occurrence of xeromontane species (triangles). The Adamović line is marked with "A". The southern boundary of true alpine and arcticalpine species is marked with broken line. Legend: EC – Eastern Central Alps; JA – Julian Alps; HT – High Tatra & Belanské Tatry; R – Rodna Alps; BC – Bucegi and Piatra Craiului; Rt – Retezat Mts; Tr, Pr, Cv, V –Trebević, Prenj, Cvrstnica, Vranica planina; D – Durmitor & Maglić; NA – N Albanian Alps; S – Šar Planina; Jb – Jablanica; Ko – Korab; R – Rila Mts; P – Pirin Mts; Ro – Rodopi Mts; AB – Ali Botus–Orvilos; F – Falakron; B – Baba Planina (Pelister); G – Galičica Planina; T – Tomor; Gr Grammos; O – Olympos; Sm – Smolika; Ty – Trychonis; Parnassos; Ch – Chelmos; E – Erymanthos; K – Korynthos; T – Taygetos; Pn – Parnon.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2024View details →

Maintaining habitat diversity at small scales benefits wild bees and pollination services in mountain apple orchards

<p>In 2021, we conducted our study in apple orchards in South Tyrol, an Alpine region in Italy, using pan-traps, direct observations of visitation frequency, and a pollinator exclusion experiment. We investigated the scale-dependent effects of landscape heterogeneity and other parameters on wild bee assemblages and the related pollination service they provide at five spatial scales (radius 100 – 2,000 m).</p>

opencc-by-4.0Apr 1963View details →

Rys. 8-11 in Further studies on nematodes (Nematoda) of the Sphagnaceae of the Tatra Mountains

Rys. 8-11. Enchodelus hopedorus (THORNE). 8 - glowa, 9 - plemniki, 10 - przedstekowy narzad plciowy, 11 - ogon samca.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 1963View details →

Rys. 4—7 in Further studies on nematodes (Nematoda) of the Sphagnaceae of the Tatra Mountains

Rys. 4—7. Iotonchus zschokkei (MENZEL 4 - glowa, 5 - ogon.samca, 6 — szczecinki kopulacyjne i narzady dodatkowe, 7 - czešé szeregu przedstekowych narzadów plciowych.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2023View details →

Dataset and R code used in "Environmental filtering governs consistent vertical zonation in sedimentary microbial communities across disconnected mountain lakes"

<p>Dataset and R code used for the manuscript:</p> <p>Von Eggers, J. M., Wisnoski, N. I., Calder, J. W., Capo, E., Groff, D. V., Krist, A. C., & Shuman, B. (2024). Environmental filtering governs consistent vertical zonation in sedimentary microbial communities across disconnected mountain lakes. <em>Environmental Microbiology</em>, 26(3), e16607.</p> <p>This dataset and code are also available on GitHub (<a href="https://github.com/jvoneggers/WYLakeSedMicrobes">https://github.com/jvoneggers/WYLakeSedMicrobes</a>).</p>

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2024View details →

Characterization and morphometry of prone and affected watersheds by hydro-geomorphological processes in the Serra do Mar Mountain Range, southeastern Brazil: foundation for planning and mitigation actions.

<p>Data: shapefile, tables, and kmz files. </p> <ol> <li>SHAPEFILES</li> </ol> <p>- Dataset with watersheds mapped in the Serra do Mar Paulista Region in the follow cities:</p> <ul> <li>Ubatuba (Abbvr. WU)</li> <li>Caraguatatuba (Abbvr. WC)</li> <li>São Sebastião (Abbvr. WSS)</li> <li>Bertioga (Abbvr. WB)</li> <li>Santos (Abbvr. WS)</li> <li>Praia Grande (Abbvr. WPG)</li> <li>Cubatão (Abbvr. WCUB)</li> <li>São Vicente (Abbvr. WSV)</li> <li>Itanhaém (Abbvr. WITA)</li> <li>Peruíbe (Abbvr. WPERU)</li> <li>Iguape (Abbvr. WIGUA)</li> <li>Itariri (Abbvr. WITR)</li> <li>Pedro de Toledo (Abbvr. WPDT)</li> <li>Iporanga (Abbvr. WIPORA)</li> <li>Apiaí (Abbvr. WAPI)</li> <li>Itaoca Abbvr. WITAO)</li> </ul> <p>- Each shapefile contain information about altitude (min., max, and mean), area (km²), and length (km). </p> <p>- Debris-flow Inventory shapefile.</p> <p>        2. TABLES</p> <ul> <li>Tables for the watersheds mapped in each cities also contain information about the morphometric parameters (melton ratio, basin relief, and relief ratio).</li> <li>Debris-flow inventory information. </li> </ul> <p> </p>

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2024View details →

Data for 'Mapping and characterization of avalanches on mountain glaciers with Sentinel-1 satellite imagery'

<div>This dataset contains avalanche deposit outlines (as shapefiles) derived for the study 'Mapping and characterization of avalanches on mountain glaciers with Sentinel-1 satellite imagery'</div> <div> </div> <div>They were outlined at three different sites (Mt Blanc, Everest and Hispar regions) for the periods 11/2016-10/2021 (Mt Blanc) and 11/2017-10/2022 (Everest and Hispar). The time period is indicated in the file name.</div> <div> </div> <div>For each dataset we give the raw outlines (Automated_outlines_dates), the manually updated (Automated_outlines_dates_ManualUpd) and the manually updated after accounting for surface elevation change (Automated_outlines_dates_ManualUpd_shifted). </div> <div> </div> <div>In order to know which scenes were used for the mapping (if no avalanche was detected, we did not provide a shapefile, but this doesn't been that there is a gap in the Sentinel-1 time series), we provide a Sentinel1_date file that shows all the Sentinel-1 RGB pairs that we used to detect the avalanches.</div> <div> </div> <div>We also provide as geotiffs the temporally aggregated outlines (Automated_outlines_dates_ManualUpd_shifted_aggregated; over one specific year yn - from 01/11/yn-1 to 01/11/yn - or the full study period):</div> <div>- as heatmaps (where the value of each pixel corresponds to the number of avalanches that occured) </div> <div>- as binary maps of deposits (where 1 is when an avalanche occured over the time period and 0 is where none were detected).</div> <div> </div> <div> </div> <div>Finally we provide a csv file for each region with metrics per glacier:</div> <div> </div> <div>RGI ID</div> <div>Glacier size (in m^2)</div> <div>Catchment size (in m^2)</div> <div>Area of slopes steeper than 30° (in m^2)</div> <div>The area of total deposits detected (by summing all the pixels of the deposit binary maps) in the ascending obits (in m^2)</div> <div>The area of total deposits detected (by summing all the pixels of the deposit binary maps) in the descending obits (in m^2)</div> <div>The avalanche activity detected (by summing all pixels of the heat maps) in the ascending orbits (in m^2)</div> <div>The avalanche activity detected (by summing all pixels of the heat maps) in the descending orbits (in m^2)</div> <div>The area of the glacier visible in the ascending orbits (in m^2)</div> <div>The area of the glacier visible in the descending orbits (in m^2)</div> <div> </div> <div> </div> <div>The main Google Earth Engine and Matlab scripts used to pre-process the Sentinel-1 GRD images and to map the avalanches are available on GitHub: https://github.com/MarinKneib/S1_avalanches</div> <div> </div>

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2016View details →

Fig. 3 in Trechisibus apukhapiensis sp. n. (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Trechinae) from southeastern Andean mountains of Peru

Fig. 3. Location of the Trechisibus species (= T. apukhapiensis, A= T. bohorquezae, B=T. cuzcoensis, C=T. gigas, D=T. nicki, E=T. theresiae, F=T. franzi, G=T. schmidti, H=T. laresensis, I=T. veneroi, J=T. orophilus, K=T. peruvianus, L= T. ukupachensis, M=T. wardi, N= T. pygmaeus).

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

Meteorological Data for key mountain ecosystems in Kenya

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

Figure 9 in Late Silurian to earliest Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Birch Creek II section, Roberts Mountains, Nevada, U.S.A.

Figure 9. Paleogeographic reconstruction for the late Silurian, base map from Scotese (2014, map 73), showing possible vertebrate dispersal route from the Baltic to the circum-Arctic and thence south to western Laurentia.

Figure 8. A–K in Late Silurian to earliest Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Birch Creek II section, Roberts Mountains, Nevada, U.S.A.

Figure 8. A–K. Scales of thelodont Barlowodus sp. cf. B. floralis from the uppermost Silurian of the Birch Creek II section, all level 430.5'. A, UCR 10746-31 in baso-lateral view; B, UCR 10746-35 in crown view; C, UCR 10746-36 in crown view; D, UCR 10746-34 in crown view; E, UCR 10746-42 in crown view; F, UCR 10746-29 in crown view; G, UCR 10746-24 in crown view; H, UCR 10746-38 in crown view; I, UCR 10746-23 in crown view; J, K, UCR 10746-14, in crown view, and close up of dorsal mid-crown showing ultrasculpture and taphonomic effects. Scale bars=0.2 mm; anterior to left except A, D, G, I. See Table 1 for meterage.

Figure 7 in Late Silurian to earliest Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Birch Creek II section, Roberts Mountains, Nevada, U.S.A.

Figure 7. Thelodont scales from the uppermost Silurian of the Birch Creek II section, all level 430.5' except B, C, G, K, L, P, Q. A. Trimerolepis sp. cf. T. tricava. UCR 10746-43 in crown view. B. Trimerolepis sp. AMF97876 (Parkes 1995, fig. 22.19, 20) from level 503', base view. C.?Lanarkia sp. UCR 944-20 (level 527.25') in lateral view. D.?Turinia sp. UCR10746-19, showing taphonomic effects and ultrasculpture, in crown view. E-J. Nikolivia spp. E. UCR 10746-13 with cell pattern on surface in crown view; F, UCR 10746-20 in crown view; G, AMF97875 (Parkes 1995, fig. 22.17, 18) from level 402' with possible bite marks, in crown view; H, UCR 10746-27 in ventral basal view; I, UCR 10746-25 showing taphonomic effects in crown view; J, Nikolivia sp. cf. N. auriculata, UCR 10746-18 in crown view. K, L. Apalolepis sp. AMF97872 (level 503') (Parkes 2005, fig. 22.11, 12), crown and basal views. M-O. Talivalia sp. cf. T. elongata. M, UCR 10746-17 in crown view; N, UCR 10746-37 in crown view; O, UCR 10746-21 in lateral view. P-S. Barlowodus sp. cf. B. tridens. P, Q, AMF97874 (level 875') in crown and basal views (Parkes 2005, fig. 22.15, 16). R, S, UCR 944-21 (level 527.25') in laterocrown view, closeup in S showing striated ultrasculpture. Scale bars=0.2 mm; anterior to left or top, otherwise arrow points to anterior. See Table 1 for meterage.

Figure 6 in Late Silurian to earliest Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Birch Creek II section, Roberts Mountains, Nevada, U.S.A.

Figure 6. Chondrichthyan and stem osteichthyan scales from the uppermost Silurian of the Birch Creek II section; A, C–G, light microscope images of whitened specimens; B, ESEM image. A-C. Ellesmereia schultzei. A, scale UCR 10746- 44 (level 430.5') in crown view (from Suppl. 1, fig. 5); B, UCR 10746-28 (level 430.5') in anterolateral-crown view; C, scale UCR10746-45 (level 430.5' in crown and lateral views (from Suppl. 1, fig. 4). D. Polymerolepis sp. scale UCR 10752-1 (level 458.67') in crown view (from Suppl. 1, fig. 11). E-G. Lophosteus sp. cf. L. superbus. E, dermal bone fragment 10754-1 (level 468') in external view (from Suppl. 1, fig. 12); F, G, tubercles UCR951-1, 2 (level 457') in crown views (from Suppl. 1, fig. 10). Scale bars=0.25 mm, anterior of scale is up or to left, otherwise arrow points to anterior. See Table 1 for meterage.

Figure 5. Funicristata nevadaensis n. gen. n in Late Silurian to earliest Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Birch Creek II section, Roberts Mountains, Nevada, U.S.A.

Figure 5. Funicristata nevadaensis n. gen. n. sp. from the uppermost Silurian of the Birch Creek II section. A–C. UCR 10750-3 (level 456.5') in crown views and magnified view of the crown ridges; D, E. UCR 10750-2 (level 456.5') in crown and lateral views; F, G. UCR 10746-10 (level 430.5') in anterocrown and crown views; H, I. UCR 10746-8 (level 430.5') in anterocrown and laterocrown views; J, K. UCR 10750-10 (level 456.5') vertical longitudinal section; L. UCR 10750-12 (level 456.5') horizontal section through crown. Abbreviations: c=canal; en=enameloid; h=hyphal boring; po=pore openings. Scale bars=0.1 mm in A, B, D–L, 0.01 mm in C; anterior is to left or down, otherwise arrows point to anterior. See Table 1 for meterage.

Figure 4 in Late Silurian to earliest Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Birch Creek II section, Roberts Mountains, Nevada, U.S.A.

Figure 4. Nostovicina and Nostolepis sp. acanthodian scales from the Siluro-Devonian boundary levels of the Birch Creek II section. A. Nostovicina sp. cf. N. elegans: UCR 10755-1 (level 470.2') in crown view (from Supplement 1, fig. 13). B–D, J. Nostovicina laticristata: B. UCR 10768-10 (level 518.3') in crown view; C, D. UCR 10768-6 (level 518.3') in anterocrown and crown views; J. UCR 10768-11 (level 518.3') horizontal thin section through crown. E–I, K, L. Nostovicina sp. cf. N. guangxiensis; E. UCR 5443-1 (level 562.6') in anterocrown view; F, G. UCR 5443-3 (level 562.6') in crown and lateral views; H. UCR 5443-4 (level 562.6') in posterocrown view; I. UCR 5443-6 (level 562.6') in crown view; K, L. UCR 5443-7 (level 562.6') vertical transverse section, magnified view of crown structure in L. M–P. Nostovicina sp. cf. N. lacrima: M. UCR 5439-8 in lateral view; N. UCR 5439-6 in posterior view; O. UCR 5439-4 (level 549') in lateral view; P. UCR 10768-1 (level 518.3') in anterior view. Q–T. Nostolepis matukhini: Q, R. UCR 5443-2 (level 562.6') in crown and laterocrown views; S, T. UCR 5443-5 (level 562.6') in crown and anterocrown views. Abbreviations: cgz=crown growth zones; h=hyphal borings; Sf=Sharpey's fiber bundles. Scale bars=0.1 mm, anterior of scale is to right or up, otherwise arrows point to anterior. See Table 1 for meterage.