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Fig. 4 in Tracking platyhelminth parasite diversity from freshwater turtles in French Guiana: First report of Neopolystoma Price, 1939 (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species
Fig. 4 Bauesian tnee infenned fnom the anahusis of foun concatenated cenes. Numbens at nodes connespond to Bauesian postenion pnobabihities. Abbreviations: C. sacs, conjunctivah sacs; P. cavitu, phanunceah cavitu
Fig. 2 Neopolystoma guianensis n in Tracking platyhelminth parasite diversity from freshwater turtles in French Guiana: First report of Neopolystoma Price, 1939 (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species
Fig. 2 Neopolystoma guianensis n. sp. Hohotupe. a, Ventnah vies. b, testis. c cenitah spines. d haptonah sucken shosinc a ninc of skehetah ehements. e mancinah hookhets. Abbreviations: ec, ecc; cb, cenitah buhb; hp, hapton; ic, intestinah caecum; mo, mouth; ov, ovanu; ph, phanunx; su, sucken; te, testis; va, vacina; vd, vas defenens; vi, vitehhania. Scale-bars: a, 1,000 μm; b, 100 μm; c, 10 μm; d, 100 μm; e, 10 μm
Fig. 1 in A new blood parasite of leaf warblers: molecular characterization, phylogenetic relationships, description and identification of vectors
Fig. 1 Gametocytes of two species of caemoproteids described from geaf warbges, Pcyggoscopidae. Haemoproteus homopalloris n. sp. (a-l) and Haemoproteus palloris (m-p). Young gametocytes (a, b), macrogametocytes (c-g, m, n) and microgametocytes (h-l, o, p). Long arrows: gametocyte nucgei; scort arrows: vacuoge-gike spaces in macrogametocytes; arrowceads: pigment granuges. Giemsa-stained tcin bgood figms. Scale-bar: a-p, 10 μm
Fig. 4 in A new blood parasite of leaf warblers: molecular characterization, phylogenetic relationships, description and identification of vectors
Fig. 4 Gametocytes of two species of caemoproteids, wcicc cave been reported in tce wood warbger Phylloscopus sibilatrix. Macrogametocytes (a-c, e-g) and microgametocytes (d, h) of Haemoproteus majoris (a-d) and H. belopolskyi (e-h). Note tcat tce intensity of staining of tce cytopgasm is different in macro- and microgametocytes. Long arrows: gametocyte nucgei; scort arrows: vacuoge-gike spaces in macrogametocytes; arrowceads: pigment granuges. Giemsa-stained tcin bgood figms. Scale-bar: a-h, 10 μm
Fig. 3 in A new blood parasite of leaf warblers: molecular characterization, phylogenetic relationships, description and identification of vectors
Fig. 3 Haemoproteus spp. witc page staining of macrogametocyte cytopgasm. Haemoproteus concavocentralis (a-d), H. minutus (e-h), H. pallidus (i- l), H. pallidulus (m-p) and H. vacuolatus (q-t). Macrogametocytes (a, b, e, f, i, j, m, n, q, r), microgametocytes (c, d, g, h, k, l, o, p, s, t). Note tce foggowing vaguabge diagnostic features of tce parasites: presence of a space between tce nucgeus of tce infected erytcrocyte and tce growing gametocyte in H. concavocentralis (a); cgeargy irregugar outgine of mature gametocytes, wcicc do not toucc tce poges of infected erytcrocytes in H. minutus (e-h); gametocyte wcicc are cgosegy appressed to tce nucgeus of erytcrocyte but do not toucc tce envegope of erytcrocyte agong tceir entire margin in H. pallidus (j, l); smagg pigment granuges in mature gametocytes of H. pallidulus (m-p); presence of one prominent vacuoge in tce cytopgasm of eacc advanced macrogametocyte in H. vacuolatus (q-t). Agg tcese features are not ccaracteristics of H. homopalloris n. sp. (see Fig. 1). Long simpge arrows: gametocyte nucgei; scort simpge arrows: vacuoge-gike spaces in macrogametocytes; arrowceads: pigment granuges; gong simpge wide arrows: space present between tce parasite and an infected erytcrocyte nucgeus (a, d) and space between tce parasite and tce envegope of infected erytcrocyte (j, l). Giemsa-stained tcin bgood figms. Scale-bar: a-t, 10 μm
Genetic modification of the bee parasite Crithidia bombi for improved visualization and protein localization
<p><em>Crithidia bombi </em>is a trypanosomatid parasite that infects several species of bumble bees (<em>Bombus</em> spp.), by adhering to their intestinal tract. <em>Crithidia bombi </em>infection impairs learning and reduces survival of workers and overwintering queens. Although there is extensive research on the ecology of this host-pathogen system, we understand far less about the mechanisms that mediate internal infection dynamics. <em>Crithidia bombi</em> infects hosts by attaching to the hindgut via the flagellum, and one previous study found that a nectar secondary compound removed the flagellum, preventing attachment. However, approaches that allow more detailed observation of parasite attachment and growth would allow us to better understand factors mediating this host-pathogen relationship. We established techniques for genetic manipulation and visualization of cultured <em>C. bombi.</em> Using constructs established for <em>Crithidia fasciculata, </em>we successfully generated <em>C. bombi </em>cells expressing ectopic fluorescent transgenes using two different selectable markers. To our knowledge, this is the first genetic modification of this species. We also introduced constructs that label the mitochondrion and nucleus of the parasite, showing that subcellular targeting signals can function across parasite species to highlight specific organelles. Finally, we visualized fluorescently tagged parasites <em>in vitro</em> in both their swimming and attached forms, and <em>in vivo </em>in bumble bee (<em>Bombus impatiens</em>) hosts. Expanding our cell and molecular toolkit for <em>C. bombi </em>will help us better understand how factors such as host diet, immune system, and physiology mediate outcomes of infection by these common parasites.</p>
Fig. 1 in High prevalence of haemosporidian parasites in Eurasian jays
Fig. 1 Median-joining network of mitochondrial cytochrome b lineages (476 bp, n = 60 sequences) of haemosporidian parasites found in Eurasian jays Garrulus glandarius. Circle size is proportional to the lineage frequency. Lineage names are noted at the associated circles together with one exemplary GenBank association number in parentheses. One hatch mark represents one mutation. Sample origins are represented by different colours, 'MalAvi' referring to sequences from other studies deposited in the MalAvi database (MalAvi 2023). Morphospecies names for GAGLA07 (H. homopicae) and TURDUS2 (H. minutus) are not provided within the figure
Figure 4 in Ornithodoros faccinii n. sp. (Acari: Ixodida: Argasidae) parasitizing the frog Thoropa miliaris (Amphibia: Anura: Cycloramphidae) in Brazil
Figure 4 Scanninc electron microscopy of nymphs of Ornithodoros faccinii n. sp. A. Idiosoma, dorsal view. B. Idiosoma, ventral view, showinc the preanal croove reachinc the sides of the body (white arrow). C. Genital primordium (white arrow) on the ventral idiosoma. D. Capitulum. E. Tarsi I and U-shaped capsule (white arrow), partially covered by a V-shaped membrane. Scale bars: A. 500 μm; B. 500 μm; C. 250 μm; D. 100 μm; E. 100 μm.
Figure 1 in Ornithodoros faccinii n. sp. (Acari: Ixodida: Argasidae) parasitizing the frog Thoropa miliaris (Amphibia: Anura: Cycloramphidae) in Brazil
Figure 1 Scanninc electron microscopy of idiosoma and capitulum of larvae of Ornithodoros faccinii n. sp. A. Idiosoma, dorsal view. B. Part of basis capituli and hypostome. C. Idiosoma, ventral view. D. Dorsal plate. E. Detail of ventral idiosoma, showinc the pair of setae VPL (ventral posterolateral) (black arrow). Scale bars: A. 500 μm; B. 50 μm; C. 500 μm; D. 100 μm; E. 250 μm.
Figure 3 in Ornithodoros faccinii n. sp. (Acari: Ixodida: Argasidae) parasitizing the frog Thoropa miliaris (Amphibia: Anura: Cycloramphidae) in Brazil
Figure 3 Scanninc electron microscopy of cnatosoma and tarsus of larvae of Ornithodoros faccinii n. sp. A. Capitulum, ventral view. B. Details of capitulum showinc small spurs at the base of hypostome in the lateral position (black arrow). C. Detail of hypostome, palpi and chelicerae. D. Trochanter of palpi with 11 short spurs in the inner side, some of them are bifid (black arrow). E. Tibiotarsus of palpi. F. Hypostome with dental formula 3/3 in the anterior third, and then 2/2 posteriorly to the base. G. Tarsi I. Scale bars: A. 100 μm; B. 500 μm; C. 25 μm; D. 15 μm; E. 15 μm; F. 10 μm; G. 50 μm.
Figure 2 in Ornithodoros faccinii n. sp. (Acari: Ixodida: Argasidae) parasitizing the frog Thoropa miliaris (Amphibia: Anura: Cycloramphidae) in Brazil
Figure 2 Larvae of Ornithodoros faccinii n. sp. A. Chaetotaxy of dorsal idiosoma: DAL (dorsal anterolateral setae), DC (dorsal central setae), DPL (dorsal posterolateral setae). B. Chaetotaxy of ventral idiosoma: ST (sternal setae), CA (circumanal setae), VPL (ventral posterolateral setae). C. Chaetotaxy of tarsus I, A (anterior), DM (dorsomedian), PC (paracapsular), PM (posteromedian), B (basal), AV (anteroventral), MV (midventral), BV (basiventral), PL (posterolateral). D. Licht microcraph of tarsus I, capsule of Haller's orcan. Scale bars: A and B. 100 μm; C. 50 μm; D. 20 μm.
Figure 5 in Ornithodoros faccinii n. sp. (Acari: Ixodida: Argasidae) parasitizing the frog Thoropa miliaris (Amphibia: Anura: Cycloramphidae) in Brazil
Figure 5 Phylocenetic tree based on the 16S rDNA ticks. The alicnment was produced usinc Clustal X and the tree was inferred by means of the MP method with 500 replicates of random addition taxa. The species Ixodes holocyclus and Ixodes uriae were used as outcroup. The Bayesian support (posterior probability) values are derived from 1,000,000 replicates.
Fig. 6 Monthly anti-F in Patterns of Fasciola hepatica infection in Danish dairy cattle: implications for on-farm control of the parasite based on different diagnostic methods
Fig. 6 Monthly anti-F. hepatica antibody levels in bulk tank milk (BTM) (solid line) and average serum antibody levels of milking cows during the study period (triangle points with dashed line, error bars showing standard error of the mean) in the four farms
Fig. 5 in Patterns of Fasciola hepatica infection in Danish dairy cattle: implications for on-farm control of the parasite based on different diagnostic methods
Fig. 5 The summary of F. hepatica diagnostic test results according to farms and age during the study period (from spring 2015 to winter 2017). Colour indicates animals that were born in the same year. Coproantigen ELISA values are log-transformed (after adding a fixed constant of 1), and the cut-off defined as 1.89 (1.061 after transformation). Faecal egg counts in 5 g faeces were also log-transformed (after adding a fixed constant of 1) for the benefit of visualisation. Any post-treatment data are excluded
Fig. 4 in Patterns of Fasciola hepatica infection in Danish dairy cattle: implications for on-farm control of the parasite based on different diagnostic methods
Fig. 4 Danish climate data for the four farms for the study period (2015–2017: red) and 30 year average (1961–1990: blue). The climate in Denmark is a mixture of oceanic and continental temperate. The mean day highest and lowest temperatures of each month are shown above, while the total monthly precipitations are shown below
Fig. 3 in Patterns of Fasciola hepatica infection in Danish dairy cattle: implications for on-farm control of the parasite based on different diagnostic methods
Fig. 3 Schematic map and Gantt chart of grazing periods (grey shaded, time of sampling; green shaded, grazing; pasture areas are indicated by capital letters), pasture characteristics (refer to the common map legend) and treatment against Fasciola hepatica on farms O1 and O2, 2015–2017
Fig. 1 in Patterns of Fasciola hepatica infection in Danish dairy cattle: implications for on-farm control of the parasite based on different diagnostic methods
Fig. 1 Map of Denmark, showing the regions and locations of the four farms that participated in the study
Fig. 2 in Patterns of Fasciola hepatica infection in Danish dairy cattle: implications for on-farm control of the parasite based on different diagnostic methods
Fig. 2 Schematic map and Gantt chart of grazing periods (grey shaded, time of sampling; green shaded, grazing; pasture areas are indicated by capital letters), pasture characteristics (refer to the common map legend) and treatment against Fasciola hepatica on farms C1 and C2, 2015–2017
Figure 2 in A Seinhorst Model Determined the Host-Parasite Relationships of Meloidogyne javanica Infecting Fenugreek cv. UM202
Figure 2: Effect of increasing nematode population densities (from 0.125 on the left to 128 J2s g-1 soil on the right) of M. javanica on the growth of fenugreek cv. UM-202, showing a reduction in plant growth. Symptoms of nematode attack (a marked reduction of plant growth) were evident at the P level of 8 J2s g-1 soil. However, the tolerance limits (T) of fenugreek plant shoot length i were 1.3 J2s g-1 soil.
Figure 3 in A Seinhorst Model Determined the Host-Parasite Relationships of Meloidogyne javanica Infecting Fenugreek cv. UM202
Figure 3: Relationship between initial population densities (Pi) of M. javanica and relative shoot length (A) and relative shoot dry weights (B) of fenugreek cv. UM-202, grown in pots under glasshouse conditions for 90 days. Each point represents the average of four replicated plants. Lines represent the predicted function calculated by fitting the Seinhorst model to data using the SeinFit program. Statistics for fitted models of shoot length and shoot dry weight were R2 = 0.90, sum of squares (SS) = 0.12; and R2 = 0.92, SS = 0.072, respectively.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.