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PLATE 13. Turris faleiroi Kilburn, 1998 in Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species

PLATE 13. Turris faleiroi Kilburn, 1998: A, B—Holotype, off Algoa Bay, South Africa, 100 m, NMSA V6145, 40.3 x 12.0 mm; C, D—off Algoa Bay, South Africa, 100 m, NMSA V2588; C—44.7 x 12.4 mm; D—59.7 x 12.7 mm.

PLATE 14 in Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species

PLATE 14. Turris garnonsii (Reeve, 1843): A—Type figure of Pleurotoma garnonsii, after Reeve, 1843: pl. 1, figs 4a-b, Zebu [Cebu] Is., Philippines [erroneous]; B, C—Neotype of Pleurotoma garnonsii, Fumba, Zanzibar, on weedy sandflats, NHMUK 20110294, 67.5 x 17.1 mm; D, E—Zanzibar, Tanzania, NMSA, 67.6 x 16.6 mm; F, G—Madagascar, BO colln, 65.9 x 17.5 mm; H, I—Nacala Bay, Northern Mozambique, 2–3 m, BO colln, 59.2 x 15.7 mm.

PLATE 12 in Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species

PLATE 12. Turris cryptorrhaphe (Sowerby, 1825): A—Holotype of Pleurotoma cryptorrhaphe, locality unknown, NHMUK 1963470, 67.5 x 21.1 mm; B, C—Cagayan, Philippines, BO colln, 72.1 x 17.7 mm; D—Bohol, Philippines, BO colln, 61.7 x 14.5 mm; E—Olango Is., Cebu, Philippines, BO colln, 67.4 x 17.6 mm.

PLATE 11 in Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species

PLATE 11. Turris cristata Vera-Peláez, Vega-Luz & Lozano-Francisco, 2000: A—Holotype, Olango Is, Philippines, MNCN- 32710, 59.7 x 15.7 mm; B—Paratype 1, Panglao Is., Philippines, MNCN, 58.2 x 15.4 mm; C, D—Mindoro Is., Philippines, BO colln, 57.4 x 15.0 mm; E—New Guinea, ANSP 249709, 60.5 x 13.7 mm; F—Japan, ANSP 420685, 55.1 x 14.5 mm.

PLATE 2. Turris ambages Barnard, 1958 in Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species

PLATE 2. Turris ambages Barnard, 1958: A, B—S-E of Illovo, southern Natal, 90 m, NMSA D4090, 43.6 x 12.2 mm; C, D—off Phumula, southern Natal, 44 m, NMSA W7420, 51.2 x 16.5 mm.

PLATE 1 in Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species

PLATE 1. Turris babylonia (Linné, 1758): A, B—Lectotype of Murex babylonius, LSUK. "In O. Asiae", 48.4 x 13.8 mm; C, D—Off Lady Musgrave Is., Queensland, trawled 80–100 m, BO colln, 62.5 x 16.8 mm; E—Moluccas, BO colln, 67.5 x 17.7 mm; F—Marau Sound, Quadalcanal, Solomon Islands, BO colln, 75.8 x 19.6 mm; G—Sulu Sea, Philippines, BO colln, 67.8 x 17.7 mm; H—Cebu, Philippines, BO colln, 69.1 x 17.0 mm; I—Olango Is., Philippines, 44–73 m, BO colln, 78.9 x 21.3 mm; J—same data, BO colln, 62.4 x 17.4 mm; K—same data, BO colln, 71.1 x 17.6 mm.

PLATE 7 in Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species

PLATE 7. Turris chaldaea nsp.: A, B—Holotype, Davao Gulf, Samal Is., Philippines, MNHN 24944, 95.5 x 25.9 mm; C—Paratype 1, Davao Gulf, Samal Is., Philippines, NHMUK 20110208, 94.0 x 25.5 mm; D—Paratype 2, Davao Gulf, Samal Is., Philippines, ANSP 426053, 86 x 22.6 mm; E—Paratype 3, Davao Gulf, Samal Is., Philippines, MNHN 24435, 93 x 23.4 mm; F—Misamis Is. Northern Mindanao, Philippines, BO colln, 95.2 x 26.2 mm; G—Fitzroy Is., Queensland, Australia, BO colln, 80.2 x 20 mm; H—Marau Sound, Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, BO colln, 70. x 20.2 mm; I—Aliguay Is, N. Mindanao, Philippines, trawled, 30–70 fath, BO colln, 81.7 x 24.0 mm.

PLATE 10 in Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species

PLATE 10. Turris crispa (Lamark, 1816): A, B—Holotype of Pleurotoma crispa, locality unknown, MHNG, 1097/68, 55.5 x 13.0 mm; C, D—off Nha Trang, Vietnam, NMSA L8198, N. Thach, 110.7 x 24.5 mm; E—Southern Mozambique, 120 m, BO colln, 91.0 x 23.0 mm,; F—93.1 x 23.9 mm, Southern Mozambique, 40–50 m, BO colln. G—36.3 x 9.3 mm, Noumea, New Caledonia, NMSA K5775; H, I—Cape Moreton, Queensland, deep water, NMSA J5870, 54.7 x 14.2 mm; J, K—Holotype of Turris dollyae Olivera, 2000, Tabaco Bay, Luzon, Philippines, PNMM-40066, 119.0 x 25.6 mm; L—Sogod, Cebu, Philippines, BO colln, 85.7 x 20.3mm; M—Aliguay, Zamboanga, Philippines, 24–50 m, BO colln, 77.1 x 17.2 mm.

PLATE 4 in Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species

PLATE 4. Turris annulata (Reeve, 1843): A—Type fig. of Pleurotoma annulata, after Reeve, 1843: pl. 5, sp. 35; B—loc. unknown, NMWC 1955.158.00902, ex MacAndrew, 49.8 x 14.2 mm, specimen mistakenly regarded as the lost holotype by Powell (1964); C, D—Holotype of Pleurotoma fagina Adams & Reeve, 1850 (= neotype of Turris annulata), China Sea, NHMUK 1970095, 73.8 x 27.2 mm; E, F—Racha Isl., Phuket, W. Thailand, 20 m,, NMSA L5609: E—80.5 x 18.5 mm; F—64.1 x 17.6 mm; G–I—south of Dwarka, Gujarat, India, 60–65 m, MCZH 362501; J—Phuket, W. Thailand, ANSP 286281, 60.5 x 16.4 mm.

PLATE 3 in Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species

PLATE 3. Turris amicta (E. A. Smith, 1877): A, B—Syntype of Pleurotoma amicta, H. Cuming "Sandwich Islands", NHMUK 1964229, 49.5 x 16.1 mm; C, D—off Koswari, Is., S-E India, 2–3 m, NMSA L5413, RK, 62.6 x 18.1 mm.

PLATE 9 in Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species

PLATE 9. Turris condei Vera-Peláez, Vega-Luz & Lozano-Francisco, 2000: A, B—Holotype, Laing Is., Papua New Guinea, MNCN 15.05/39976, 72.8 x 18.9 mm; C, D—15°31.1'S, 167°15.7'E, Vanuatu, MNHN, 76.1 x 19.7 mm; E, F—Nacala Bay, Mozambique, BO colln, 77.1 x 21.2 mm; G, H—Nacala Bay, Mozambique, BO colln, 62.6 x 16.3 mm.

PLATE 8 in Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species

PLATE 8. Turris clausifossata nsp.: 3 mi. S. of Dwarka, Gujarat, India, Anton Brun Stn 216A, 50–52 m, Cambridge University N362501: A, B—holotype, 58.1 x 20.2 mm; C –juvenile paratype, 52.2 x 17.0 mm; D, E—juvenile paratype, 49.5 x 15.3 mm.

PLATE 34 in Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species

PLATE 34. Makiyamaia orthopleura (Kilburn, 1983): A—Holotype of Turris orthopleura, off Mbashe River, Transkei, 100 m, South Africa, NMSA 2834, 29.0 x 10.0 mm; B, C—off Mbotyi, Transkei, South Africa, 90 m, NMSA W2834, 50.8 x 15.0 mm.

PLATE 33. Gemmula lululimi Olivera, 2000 in Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species

PLATE 33. Gemmula lululimi Olivera, 2000: A, B—Holotype of Gemmula lululimi, Balut Is., Mindanao, Philippines, PNMM, 55.7 x 17.7 mm; C, D—Paratype 1, Pamilacan Is., Philippines, BO colln, 67.2 x 23.3 mm.

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FIGURE 1. Concavibalcis haterumaensis n in Description of a second species of the eulimid genus Concavibalcis (Gastropoda: Vanikoroidea)

FIGURE 1. Concavibalcis haterumaensis n. sp. A. Holotype NSMT-Mo 79320, 3.0 mm in shell height. B–E. Paratype MPM Coll. No. 21794a, 2.0 mm, SEM. B. Lateral view showing incremental scars in penultimate and last whorls. C. Close-up view of blunt apex; arrowheads denote demarcation line between protoconch and teleoconch. D. Penultimate whorl with an incremental line and fine spiral ridges. E. Surface of first teleoconch whorl showing short oblique ridges and continuous spiral ridges. Scale bars = 1 mm (A), 500 µm (B) and 100 µm (C–E).

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Figure 1 in A theoretical composite model for population sex-specific shell size dynamics in Strombidae (Gastropoda, Neostromboidae)

Figure 1. Modelling male and females population distribution curves showing the mean size (μ) of each sex and the (1) Sex dependant factors: a) time to maturity; b) intra-male competition; c) femalespecific sexual selection; d) fecundity; (2) Inter-sex dependant factors: e) time to maturity; f) sex bias towards larger numbers of females; and (3) Population factors: g) environmental conditions; and h) universal size regulators that affect the size ratio between females and males.

Tafel 1 in Revision der Vitrea-Arten der Südkarpaten Rumäniens mit Beschreibung einer neuen Art (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Pristilomatidae)

Tafel 1: Fig. 1. Vitrea diaphana (S. STUDER, 1820). Rumänien, Komitat Arad, Zărand Gebirge, Troaş, Genist des Galşa Baches, UTM: FS 00, aus MMM 91829/14 (H= 2.12 mm, D= 4.25 mm). Fig. 2. Vitrea erjaveci (BRUSINA, 1870). Rumänien, Komitat Arad, Zărand Gebirge, Troaş, Genist des Galşa Baches, UTM: FS 00, aus MMM 91828/19 (H= 2 mm, D= 4.25 mm). Fig. 3. Vitrea subcarinata (CLESSIN, 1877). Rumänien, Komitat Hunedoara, Şureanu Gebirge, Roşie-Tal (N von Petrila), im Wald, an N exponierten Kalkfelsen, 780 m ü. NN, UTM: FR 84, NMBE 32781 (H= 1.75 mm, D= 3.4 mm). Fig. 4. Vitrea contracta (WESTERLUND, 1871). Rumänien, Komitat Caraş-Severin, Berg Domogled E von Băile Herculane, Jelărăului Tal, an Kalkfelsen und im Bachgenist, UTM: FQ 17, NMBE 22537 (H= 1.5 mm, D= 3.1 mm). Fig. 5. Vitrea transsylvanica (CLESSIN, 1877). Rumänien, Komitat Vâlcea, Căpăţâna Gebirge, NE von Horezu, an Kalkwänden an beiden Seiten der Bistriţa Schlucht, 560 m ü. NN, UTM: KL 60, NMBE 22885 (H= 1.87 mm, D= 4.3 mm). Fig. 6. Vitrea szekeresi sp. nov. Rumänien, Komitat Gorj, 4.6 Km N von Cloşani (= N von Baia de Aramă), ca. 200–300 m E der Landstrasse, Motru Fluss rechtes Ufer, an Kalkfelsen, UTM: FQ 49, Paratypus NMBE 32779 (H= 2.2 mm, D= 5.1 mm) Tafel 1 Photos: E. Neubert (NMBE)

Abb. 12 in Revision der Vitrea-Arten der Südkarpaten Rumäniens mit Beschreibung einer neuen Art (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Pristilomatidae)

Abb. 12: Troglovitrea argintarui NEGREA & RIEDEL, 1968, Rumänien, Komitat Gorj, Lupşa Tal, 1.1 Km W des Dorfes Motru Sec, 370 m ü. NN, UTM: FQ 48.

Tafel 2 in Revision der Vitrea-Arten der Südkarpaten Rumäniens mit Beschreibung einer neuen Art (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Pristilomatidae)

Tafel 2: Fig. 7. Vitrea crystallina (O. F. MüLLER, 1774). Rumänien, Komitat Braşov, Piatra Craiului Gebirge, Anfang der Schlucht Prăpăstiile Zărneştilor, an Kalkfelsen, 930–950 m ü. NN, UTM: LL 64, NMBE 22520 (H= 1.75 mm, D= 3.4 mm). Fig. 8. Vitrea botterii (L. PFEIFFER, 1853). Rumänien, Komitat Vâlcea, Latoriţa Gebirge, Rudăreasa Tal N von Ciunget (= SSW von Sibiu), an Kalkfelsen, 680 m ü. NN, UTM: GR 23, aus MMM 91932/17 (H= 1.9 mm, D= 4.0 mm). Fig. 9. Vitrea jetschini (M. v. KIMAKOWICz, 1890). Rumänien, Komitat Gorj, 4.6 Km N von Cloşani (= N von Baia de Aramă), ca. 200–300 m E der Landstrasse, Motru Fluss rechtes Ufer, an Kalkfelsen, UTM: FQ 49, NMBE 32778 (H= 2.2 mm, D= 4.9 mm). Fig. 10. Vitrea subrimata (REINHARDT, 1871), Nominatunterart. Rumänien, Komitat Braşov, Piatra Craiului Gebirge, Anfang der Schlucht Prăpăstiile Zărneştilor, an Kalkfelsen ca. 1 Km in die Schlucht hinein, 930–950 m ü. NN, UTM: LL 64, NMBE 22482 (H= 1.25 mm, D= 2.6 mm). Fig. 11. Vitrea subrimata ssp. litoralis (CLESSIN, 1877). Rumänien, Komitat Caraş-Severin, Berg Domogled E von Băile Herculane, Jelărăului Tal, an Kalkfelsen und im Bachgenist, UTM: FQ 17, NMBE 22481 (H= 1.5 mm, D= 3.1 mm). Fig. 12. Troglovitrea argintarui NEGREA & GROSSU, 1968. Rumänien, Komitat Gorj, Lupşa Tal, 1.1 Km W des Dorfes Motru Sec, 370 m ü. NN, UTM: FQ 48, NMBE 32777 (H= 1.9 mm, D= 4.3 mm). Tafel 2 Photos: E. Neubert (NMBE), Photo Fig. 8: T. Deli

Abb. 11 in Revision der Vitrea-Arten der Südkarpaten Rumäniens mit Beschreibung einer neuen Art (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Pristilomatidae)

Abb. 11: Vitrea szekeresi sp. nov., Rumänien, Komitat Gorj, 4.6 Km N von Cloşani (= N von Baia de Aramă), ca. 200–300 m E der Landstrasse, Motru-Fluss rechtes Ufer, an Kalkfelsen, UTM: FQ 49.