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Fig. 4 in A recircumscription of Jacobsenia (Aizoaceae): Re-instating Drosanthemopsis, with two new quartz-endemics from Namaqualand, South Africa and sinking Knersia *

Fig. 4. Consensus tree from Bayesian analysis of ten chloroplast markers with the major clades in Ruschieae indicated; Bayesian posterior probabilities (≥ 0.50) and Maximum likelihood bootstrap values (≥ 50%) are indicated above the branches, separated by a slash mark.

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Fig. 3 in A recircumscription of Jacobsenia (Aizoaceae): Re-instating Drosanthemopsis, with two new quartz-endemics from Namaqualand, South Africa and sinking Knersia *

Fig. 3. Drosanthemum diversifolium (=Knersia diversifolia, =Drosanthemopsis diversifolia). Voucher: Pillans 6059 (BOL). Artist: B. O. Carter.

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Fig. 1 in A recircumscription of Jacobsenia (Aizoaceae): Re-instating Drosanthemopsis, with two new quartz-endemics from Namaqualand, South Africa and sinking Knersia *

Fig. 1. Habit, flowers and fruits of Jacobsenia and Drosanthemopsis. A. J. hallii, near Komkans, Klak 2293 (BOL), with dirty green leaves. B. J. vaginata (=D. vaginata), at Riethuis, with gray leaves. C & D. D. bella, at Spioenkop, Klak 2309 (BOL), flowers magenta with white centre (C) or white (D). E & F. D. kwaganapensis, at the Kwaganapriver, Klak 2379 (BOL), showing the dirty green leaves (E) and white flowers (F). G & H. Top view of open (left) and side view of closed (right) fruit of Drosanthemopsis. G. D. bella, Klak 2309 (BOL); H. D. kwaganapensis, Klak 2573 (BOL); Scale: Distances between white lines indicate 1 mm.

Figure 6 in Inclusion of Ihlenfeldtia and Odontophorus in Cheiridopsis (Ruschioideae: Aizoaceae) and insights into generic and subgeneric circumscription in the Conophytum clade

Figure 6. Number of species per quarter degree square (QDS) (Leistner & Morris, 1976) and distribution of Cheiridopsis s.l. and subgenera (as treated in the taxonomic treatment) in the Greater Cape Floristic Region, South Africa. (A) Distribution and number of species per QDS for Cheiridopsis s.l.; (B) distribution and number of species per QDS in subgenus Cheiridopsis; (C) distribution and number of species per QDS in subgenus Odontophoroides (including species of previously recognized Odontophorus); (D) distribution and number of species per QDS in subgenus Aequifoliae (including species of previously recognized Ihlenfeldtia).

Figure 5 in Inclusion of Ihlenfeldtia and Odontophorus in Cheiridopsis (Ruschioideae: Aizoaceae) and insights into generic and subgeneric circumscription in the Conophytum clade

Figure 5. Character reconstruction of pedicel position and shape of capsule top in the Conophytum clade on the majorityrule consensus tree from the Bayesian inference analysis. (A) pedicel position (Character 5; Appendices 4 and 5), reconstructed in two steps coded as erect or decumbent (Fig. 7E–G); (B) the shape of the capsule top (Character 6; Appendices 4 and 5), reconstructed in one step, coded as convex to rounded (Fig. 7E, G) or flat (to centrally elevated) (Fig. 7G).

Figure 2 in Inclusion of Ihlenfeldtia and Odontophorus in Cheiridopsis (Ruschioideae: Aizoaceae) and insights into generic and subgeneric circumscription in the Conophytum clade

Figure 2. Transverse sections through the leaves of taxa in the Conophytum clade illustrating characters of taxonomic importance. (A) Epidermal cells forming blunt papillae in Cheiridopsis caroli-schmidtii; (B) epidermal cells forming trichomes in Cheiridopsis verrucosa; (C) trichomes in Ihlenfeldtia vanzylii; (D) glabrous epidermis of: (D) Namaquanthus vanheerdei, (E) Enarganthe octonaria, (F) Jensenobotrya lossowiana, (G) stomata in depression, not sunken or hidden in Cheiridopsis robusta; (H) stomata in depression, sunken and hidden by parastomal cell in Cheiridopsis acuminata; (I) sunken stomata in Odontophorus angustifolius. Vouchers: (A) Powell 105 (NBG); (B) Powell 99 (NBG); (C) KBG222/98 (KBG); (D) van Jaarsveld 2475 (NBG); (E) Powell 45 (NBG); (F) SUG 12618 (NBG); (G) Powell 66 (NBG); (H) Powell 68 (NBG); (I) EVJ 106/87 (NBG). Scale: A–F = 200 µm; G–I = 50 µm.

Figure 1 in Inclusion of Ihlenfeldtia and Odontophorus in Cheiridopsis (Ruschioideae: Aizoaceae) and insights into generic and subgeneric circumscription in the Conophytum clade

Figure 1. Majority-rule consensus tree from Bayesian analysis of six plastid markers, indicating phylogenetic relationships in the Conophytum clade. Posterior probability values>0.5 are indicated above the branches. Jackknife support values and bootstrap supports>5%, from the maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses, are indicated below the branches. Brackets indicate the placement of taxa and clades discussed, with embedded genera indicated in bold.

Figure 8 in Inclusion of Ihlenfeldtia and Odontophorus in Cheiridopsis (Ruschioideae: Aizoaceae) and insights into generic and subgeneric circumscription in the Conophytum clade

Figure 8. Leaf and floral characters of Cheiridopsis and Conophytum. (A) New leaves of Conophytum wettsteinii breaking out of their papery sheath, with a magenta flower; (B) partial sheath enclosing the emerging leaf pair, with a magenta flower, in Cheiridopsis glomerata; (C) leaves of Cheiridopsis meyeri completely enclosed by a white papery sheath during the dormant period, indicated by the arrow; (D) leaves of Conophytum uviforme completely enclosed in a sheath during the dormant period, indicated by the arrow; (E) Cheiridopsis purpurea with the partial sheath, common to many Cheiridopsis spp. which only encloses part of the leaves during the dormant period; (F) Cheiridopsis aspera with the prominent rough leaf surface often found in subgenus Odontophoroides.

Figure 7 in Inclusion of Ihlenfeldtia and Odontophorus in Cheiridopsis (Ruschioideae: Aizoaceae) and insights into generic and subgeneric circumscription in the Conophytum clade

Figure 7. Capsules in Conophytum and Cheiridopsis. (A) Closed simple capsule of Conophytum wettsteinii; (B) open simple capsule of C. wettsteinii showing the absence of covering membranes and closing bodies; (C) closed multilocular capsule of Cheiridopsis denticulata; (D) open capsule of C. denticulata showing the complex internal structures, i.e. covering membranes (cm) and closing bodies (cb), indicated by the white arrows; (E) decumbent capsules of Cheiridopsis subgenus Cheiridopsis, in Cheiridopsis namaquensis; (F) erect capsule of C. denticulata with flat to centrally elevated tops as in Cheiridopsis subgenus Aequifoliae; (G) Cheiridopsis pilosula illustrating the erect capsule with rounded tops, typical of Cheiridopsis subgenus Odontophoroides.

Figure 4 in Inclusion of Ihlenfeldtia and Odontophorus in Cheiridopsis (Ruschioideae: Aizoaceae) and insights into generic and subgeneric circumscription in the Conophytum clade

Figure 4. Character reconstruction of sheathing type and capsule type on the majority-rule consensus tree from the Bayesian inference analysis. (A) Sheathing genera and sheath type (partial and complete) (Character 1; Appendices 4 and 5) in the Conophytum clade reconstructed in five steps, a complete sheath refers to species where the sheath fully encloses the emerging pair during the dormant period (Fig. 8C, D) and a partial sheath only encloses part of the emerging leaf pair during dormancy (Fig. 8B, E); (B) capsule type (simple and complex) (Character 2; Appendices 4 and 5) in the Conophytum clade reconstructed in three steps, simple capsules do not include internal structures such as covering membranes or closing bodies (Fig. 7B), whereas complex capsules include covering membranes and usually closing bodies (Fig. 7D).

Figure 3 in Inclusion of Ihlenfeldtia and Odontophorus in Cheiridopsis (Ruschioideae: Aizoaceae) and insights into generic and subgeneric circumscription in the Conophytum clade

Figure 3. Character reconstruction of papillae presence and type and form of stomatal protection on the majority-rule consensus tree from the Bayesian inference analysis. (A) Papillae type (Character 3; Appendices 4 and 5) in taxa of the Conophytum clade reconstructed in eight steps; (B) form of stomatal protection (Character 4; Appendices 4 and 5) of taxa in the Conophytum clade reconstructed in seven steps, Form I (defined by Ihlenfeldt & Hartmann, 1982) refers to stomata that are positioned in depressions (Fig. 2G), whereas Form II stomata are sunken and hidden by parastomal cells (Fig. 2H, I).

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FIG. 2 in A Molecular Systematic Study of the Lampranthus Group (Aizoaceae) Based on the Chloroplast TrnL-trnF and Nuclear ITS and 5S NTS Sequence Data

FIG. 2. Strict consensus tree of the 30,000 most parsimonious trees based on the combined trnL-F, ITS and 5S spacer sequence data recovered during simultaneous analysis 1 (not weighted) including 58 taxa; Length = 524, CI = 0.479, RI = 0.601, RC = 0.288. Values above the internodes give the jackknife values. Members of the Lampranthus group are underlined.

opennotspecifiedDec 2002View details →

FIG. 1 in A Molecular Systematic Study of the Lampranthus Group (Aizoaceae) Based on the Chloroplast TrnL-trnF and Nuclear ITS and 5S NTS Sequence Data

FIG. 1. Strict consensus tree of the 30,000 most parsimonious trees based on the 5S spacer sequence data recoverd during heuristic Search 3 for 56 taxa; Length = 231, CI = 0.519, RI = 0.743, RC = 0.386. Values above the internodes give the jackknife values (where absent, the jackknife values are less than 50%). Members of the Lampranthus group are underlined.

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FIG. 3 in A Molecular Systematic Study of the Lampranthus Group (Aizoaceae) Based on the Chloroplast TrnL-trnF and Nuclear ITS and 5S NTS Sequence Data

FIG. 3. Strict consensus tree of the 167 most parsimonious trees based on the combined and successively weighted trnL-F, ITS and 5S spacer sequence data recovered during simultaneous analysis 4 including 51 taxa; CI = 0.599, RI = 0.841, RC = 0.504. Values above the internodes give the jackknife values. Members of the Lampranthus group are underlined.

Fig. 14 in Six new species of Ruschieae (Aizoaceae) and further notes in Ruschia

Fig. 14. Distribution of Ruschia indurata (square) and R. lawsonii (circle). Missing syntype collections of R. indurata, which are likely to refer to other species, are indicated: H. de Villiers sub NBG 266/16 from Steynsburg (triangle) and E. Pillans sub NBG 383/16 from Steytlerville (star).

Fig. 12 in Six new species of Ruschieae (Aizoaceae) and further notes in Ruschia

Fig. 12. Illustration of Ruschia indurata (Mesembryanthemum induratum). Here three collections are cited (top corner), as in the protologue. Artist: M.M. Page.

Fig. 13 in Six new species of Ruschieae (Aizoaceae) and further notes in Ruschia

Fig. 13. Habit of Ruschia indurata (A, B) and R. pulvinaris (C, D). Ruschia indurata forms dense cushions only, occasionally with short side branches extending beyond the cushion (A), whereas old plants of R. pulvinaris may spread and form extensive, much laxer cushions (D).

Fig. 11 in Six new species of Ruschieae (Aizoaceae) and further notes in Ruschia

Fig. 11. Lectotype of Ruschia indurata designated by H.E.K. Hartmann on 22nd June 1995. Collection by J.W. Mathews sub NBG 2393/17 (barcode BOL134738) made at Beaufort West.

Fig. 9. Lampranthus umbraticola. A. Habit. B. Flowers. C in Six new species of Ruschieae (Aizoaceae) and further notes in Ruschia

Fig. 9. Lampranthus umbraticola. A. Habit. B. Flowers. C. Side view of open (l) and top view of open fruit (r). D. Seeds.

Fig. 8 in Six new species of Ruschieae (Aizoaceae) and further notes in Ruschia

Fig. 8. Ruschia rupestris (A, B, E, F) and R. altigena (C, D, F). A. Habit. B. Leaves and fruits. C. Low spreading habit of older plants of R. altigena. D. Younger plants of R. altigena are similar in habit to R. rupestris. E. Side view of closed (l) and top view of open fruit (r). F. Seeds of R. rupestris (top) and R. altigena (bottom). The smaller size and lighter colour in R. rupestris can readily be seen.