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FIGURE 1 in A new North Eurasian species of the Alona affinis complex (Cladocera: Chydoridae)

FIGURE 1. Alona sibirica sp. nov. from lake near road between Amga river and Churapcha, Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, Russia (type locality) (A–Q) and a pool in sphagnum bog near Bolshaya River, Tomsk Area, Russia (R–S). A–B, adult parthenogenetic female, lateral view. C, ventral margin of valves. D–G, posteroventral angle of valves. H–I, head shield. J, head pores. K–L, labrum. M, antenna. N, antenna II. O, ephippial female. P–Q, adult male in lateral view and its antennule. I, juvenile male of instar II, lateral view and antenna.

FIGURE 5 in A new species related to Alona costata Sars, 1862 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae) from South Africa

FIGURE 5. Distribution of Alona natalensis sp. n., Pleuroxus carolinae (Methuen, 1910), Alona meridionalis Sinev, 2006, Dumontiellus africanus Smirnov, 2007 and Ilyocryptus martensi Kotov & Stifter, 2005. Dotted line indicates area with Effective Temperature index below 14 ºC (adapted from Hamer & Brendonk, 1997).

FIGURE 4 in A new species related to Alona costata Sars, 1862 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae) from South Africa

FIGURE 4. Alona natalensis sp. n. from Lakes Cave Tarn 3, Cobham, KwaZulu–Natal, the Republic of South Africa, parthenogenetic female: A–B – inner portion of limb III, С – inner portion of limb IV. Scale bar denotes 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 2 in A new species related to Alona costata Sars, 1862 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae) from South Africa

FIGURE 2. Alona natalensis sp. n. from Lakes Cave Tarn 3, Cobham, KwaZulu–Natal, the Republic of South Africa, parthenogenetic female: A–B – lateral view, C – antero-dorsal viev, D–E – sculpture of valves, F – head pores, H – postabdomen. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm for A-C, 0.05 mm for D, H, 0.01 mm for E-F.

FIGURE 3 in A new species related to Alona costata Sars, 1862 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae) from South Africa

FIGURE 3. Alona natalensis sp. n. from Lakes Cave Tarn 3, Cobham, KwaZulu–Natal, Republic of South Africa, parthenogenetic female: A–B – labrum, C – antennule, D – antenna, E–F – limb I and its ODL and IDL, H–G – limb II and its exopodite, I – exopodite of limb III, J – exopodite of limb IV, K – limb V, L – limb VI. Scale bar denotes 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 1 in A new species related to Alona costata Sars, 1862 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae) from South Africa

FIGURE 1. Alona natalensis sp. n. from Lakes Cave Tarn 3, Cobham, KwaZulu–Natal, the Republic of South Africa: A – juvenile female of instar I, B – juvenile female of instar II, C–G – parthenogenetic female: C – lateral view, D – valve, E – posterior margin of valves, F – head pores, H–G – postabdomen. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 6 in Cladocerans of the Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) group from South Africa

FIGURE 6. Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) from Republic of South Africa, Eastern Cape, Wildebeestrivier Dam, McClear, 31°3'3" S, 28°18'53" E, parthenogenetic female: A–B – limb I in inner and outer view, C – exopodite of limb III, D – exopodite of limb IV, E – limb V, H – limb VI. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 7 in Cladocerans of the Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) group from South Africa

FIGURE 7. Distribution of Alona martensi sp. n. and Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) in South Africa. Dotted line indicates area with Effective Temperature index below 14 ºC (adapted from Hamer & Brendonk 1997).

FIGURE 4 in Cladocerans of the Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) group from South Africa

FIGURE 4. Alona martensi sp. n. from Republic of South Africa, Kwa-Zulu Natal Province, Giant Castle, The Lakes, 29°14'31" S, 29°33'2" Е, parthenogenetic female: A – endites of limb I, B – gnathobase of limb II, C–D – inner portion of limb III, E – inner portion of limb IV. Scale bar: 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 3 in Cladocerans of the Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) group from South Africa

FIGURE 3. Alona martensi sp. n. from Republic of South Africa, Kwa-Zulu Natal Province, Giant Castle, The Lakes, 29°14'31" S, 29°33'2" Е, parthenogenetic female: A–B –limb I in inner and outer view, C – maxillar process of limb I, D –limb II, E – exopodite of limb III, F – exopodite of limb IV, G –limb V, H – limb VI. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 5 in Cladocerans of the Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) group from South Africa

FIGURE 5. Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) from Republic of South Africa, Eastern Cape, Wildebeestrivier Dam, McClear, 31°3'3" S, 28°18'53" E, parthenogenetic female: A – lateral view, B–C – posterior margin and posteroventral angle of valves, D–E – head pores, F–G – labrum, H – postabdomen, I – antennula, J – antenna. Scale bars: 0.2 mm for A, 0.1 for B–J.

FIGURE 2 in Cladocerans of the Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) group from South Africa

FIGURE 2. Alona martensi sp. n. from Republic of South Africa, Kwa-Zulu Natal Province, Giant Castle, The Lakes, 29°14'31" S, 29°33'2" Е, parthenogenetic female: A–B – posterior margin and posteroventral angle of valves, C–D – labrum, E–F – postabdomen, G – postabdominal claw, H – antenna. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Cladocerans of the Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) group from South Africa

FIGURE 1. Alona martensi sp. n. from Republic of South Africa, Kwa-Zulu Natal Province, Giant Castle, The Lakes, 29°14'31" S, 29°33'2" Е: A–C – juvenile female of instar I: A – lateral view, B – head shield, C – head pores; D–E – juvenile female of instar II: D – lateral view, E – head shield; F–K – parthenogenetic female: F – lateral view, G – head shield, H–I – head pores, J – antennule, K – maxillule. Scale bars: 0.2 mm for A–D, D–G, 0.05 mm for C, H–K.

FIGURE 6 in New species of Alona from South-East Russia and Mongolia related to Alona salina Alonso, 1996 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)

FIGURE 6. Alona floessneri sp. nov., Uvs Nuur lake, parthenogenetic female: A–B—lateral view. C–D—anteroventral and dorsoventral view. E—posteroventral angle of valve. F—head pores. G–H—postabdomen. I—antenna. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for A–D; 0.02 mm for G–I; 0.01 mm for E–F.

FIGURE 10. Alona salina Alonso, 1996 in New species of Alona from South-East Russia and Mongolia related to Alona salina Alonso, 1996 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)

FIGURE 10. Alona salina Alonso, 1996, Laguna de la Dehesilla, parthenogenetic female. A–B—head pores. C-Elabrum. F—antennula. G—antenna. H–I—limb I and its ODL and IDL. J—limb II. K–L—exopodite and inner portion of limb III. M–N—exopodite and inner portion of limb IV. O—limb V. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for C–E, G; 0.05 mm for A–B, F, H–O.

FIGURE 3 in New species of Alona from South-East Russia and Mongolia related to Alona salina Alonso, 1996 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)

FIGURE 3. Alona irinae sp. nov., Khasan lake, parthenogenetic female. A–B—head pores. C–E—labrum. Fantennula. G—antenna. H–I—limb I and its ODL and IDL. J—limb II. K–L—exopodite and inner portion of limb III. M–N—exopodite and inner portion of limb IV. O—limb V. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for C–E, G; 0.05 mm for A–B, F, H–O.

FIGURE 2 in New species of Alona from South-East Russia and Mongolia related to Alona salina Alonso, 1996 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)

FIGURE 2. Alona irinae sp. nov., Khasan lake, parthenogenetic female. A– lateral view. B—front-lateral view. Cposteroventral angle of valve. D—head. E—head pores. F—postabdomen. G—antenna. Scale bar: 0.1 mm for A–B; 0.05 mm for D, F; 0.02 mm for G; 0.01 mm for C, E.

FIGURE 5 in New species of Alona from South-East Russia and Mongolia related to Alona salina Alonso, 1996 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)

FIGURE 5. Alona floessneri sp. nov., Uvs Nuur lake, parthenogenetic female: A–B—lateral view. C—ventral margin of valve. D—posterio-ventral angle of valve. E—head shield. F–G—postabdomen. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for A-B, E and C, 0.05 mm for D, F-G.

FIGURE 9. Alona salina Alonso, 1996 in New species of Alona from South-East Russia and Mongolia related to Alona salina Alonso, 1996 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)

FIGURE 9. Alona salina Alonso, 1996, Laguna de la Dehesilla, A–B—juvenile females of instar I and II. C–Hparthenogenetic female: C—lateral viev, D—valve, E—posteroventral angle of valve, F—head shield, G–Hpostabdomen. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for A–D, F; 0.05 mm for E, G–H.

FIGURE 11. Alona salina Alonso, 1996 in New species of Alona from South-East Russia and Mongolia related to Alona salina Alonso, 1996 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)

FIGURE 11. Alona salina Alonso, 1996, Laguna de la Dehesilla, gamogenetic individuals. A—ephippial female. B– D—juvenile male of instar I: B—lateral view, C—postabdomen, D—inner portion of limb I. E–H—juvenile male of instar II: E—lateral view, F—postabdomen, G—antennula, H—inner portion of limb I. I–M—adult male II: I—lateral view, J—postabdomen, K—antennula, L–M—inner portion and endite 3 of limb I. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for A–B, E, I; 0.05 mm for and C–D, F–H, J–M.