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Fig. 5 in Four new species of Xiphocentron Brauer, 1870 (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae) from the Atlantic Forest, southeastern Brazil

Fig. 5. Xiphocentron (Antillotrichia) maracanan sp. nov., holotype, adult, ♂, genitalia. A. Left lateral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Ventral view. D. Phallus apex, left lateral view. E. Phallus, apex in dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 3 in A new species of Characidium Reinhardt, 1867 (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) endemic to the Atlantic Forest in Paraná State, southern Brazil

Fig. 3. Caudal-fin bony elements in Characidium travassosi (a = MZUSP 88142, 45.0 mm SL; b = MZUSP 68142, 45.6 mm SL; c = MZUSP 85938, 29.8 mm SL), and Characidium fasciatum (d = MZUSP 85995, 27.9 mm SL). Scale bar equals 1 mm. Specimens illustrated in a, c and d were double stained for bone and cartilage; specimen b was only stained for bone. The epineurals and epipleurals were removed during dissection; numbering of hypurals does not necessarily imply homology. Abbreviations are as follows: EP, epurals; HPU, haemal spine of pleural centrum; NPU, neural spine of pleural centrum; HY, hypural; NA, neural arch; NU, neural spine of ural centrum; PH, parahypural; PL, pleurostyle; PU, pleural centrum; US, urostyle; CIHPU, inter-neural spine of cartilage of pleural centrum; CPHPU, post-neural spine cartilage of pleural centrum; COP, opisthural cartilage; CPEP, post-epural cartilage; CINPU, interneural spine cartilage of pleural centrum.

Fig. 2 in A new species of Characidium Reinhardt, 1867 (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) endemic to the Atlantic Forest in Paraná State, southern Brazil

Fig. 2. Geographic distribution of Characidium travassosi. White triangle = type locality; black triangles = additional localities.

Fig. 1 in A new species of Characidium Reinhardt, 1867 (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) endemic to the Atlantic Forest in Paraná State, southern Brazil

Fig. 1. Characidium travassosi, new species: (a) MZUSP 85940, 33.8 mm SL, holotype in lateral, dorsal and ventral views; stream tributary of rio Jordão, rio Iguaçu basin; (b) MZUSP 85938, 32.0 mm SL, and (c) MZUSP 85938, 32.9 mm SL, paratypes, rio Quadrado, rio Iguaçu basin; (d) MZUSP 68142, 56.3 mm SL, paratype, rio Taquari, tributary of rio Capivari, rio Ribeira de Iguape basin, (e) MZUSP 68144, 40.3 mm SL, paratype, rio Taquari tributary of rio Capivari, rio Ribeira de Iguape basin.

Fig. 2 in New species of Scleromystax Günther, 1864 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) - extending the meridional distribution of genera endemic to the Atlantic Forest

Fig. 2. Lateral view of head, left side, showing the snout profile of Scleromystax reisi, holotype, MCP 49070, 49.3 mm SL (a), and S. salmacis, holotype, MCP 38388, 36.7 mm SL (b; modified from Britto & Reis, 2005: fig. 1).

Fig. 6 in New species of Scleromystax Günther, 1864 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) - extending the meridional distribution of genera endemic to the Atlantic Forest

Fig. 6. Scleromystax reisi, paratype, female, UFRGS 19189, 46.1 mm SL, Estação Experimental Agronômica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil.

Fig. 1 in New species of Scleromystax Günther, 1864 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) - extending the meridional distribution of genera endemic to the Atlantic Forest

Fig. 1. Scleromystax reisi, holotype, male, MCP 49070, 49.3 mm SL, arroio Demétrio, Morungava, Gravataí, RS, Brazil.

Fig. 5 in New species of Scleromystax Günther, 1864 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) - extending the meridional distribution of genera endemic to the Atlantic Forest

Fig. 5. Right pectoral spine of Scleromystax reisi, paratype, male, MNRJ 43857. Small, whiskerlike odontodes removed. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

Fig. 8 in New species of Scleromystax Günther, 1864 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) - extending the meridional distribution of genera endemic to the Atlantic Forest

Fig. 8. Map of northern Rio Grande do Sul State and southern Santa Catarina State, Brazil, showing the distribution of Scleromystax reisi in the laguna dos Patos drainage (yellow symbols; star = type locality) and the distribution of S. salmacis (red symbols; triangle = first record to the rio Tramandaí drainage).

Fig. 4 in New species of Scleromystax Günther, 1864 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) - extending the meridional distribution of genera endemic to the Atlantic Forest

Fig. 4. Infraorbital series and adjacent cranial bones, lateral view, of: Scleromystax reisi, paratype, MNRJ 43857 (largest image, left side); a. S. salmacis, MCP 28729 (right side, flipped horizontally); b. S. macropterus, UFRJ 4442 (left side); c. S. prionotos, UFRJ 4428 (right side, flipped horizontally); d. S. barbatus, UFRJ 4440 (right side, flipped horizontally). Arrowheads showing ventral expansion of infraorbital 2. Solid lines detaching ventral margin of infraorbital 2 and bone sutures. Eye removed from specimens in a-d. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

Fig. 3 in New species of Scleromystax Günther, 1864 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) - extending the meridional distribution of genera endemic to the Atlantic Forest

Fig. 3. Detail of dorsal view of cranium of Scleromystax reisi, paratype, female, MNRJ 43857 (top), and S. salmacis, male, MCP 28729 (bottom; flipped horizontally, left infraorbitals and suspensorium removed). Solid lines detaching limits of bone sutures. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

Fig. 7 in New species of Scleromystax Günther, 1864 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) - extending the meridional distribution of genera endemic to the Atlantic Forest

Fig. 7. Scleromystax reisi, paratypes. Changes in the color pattern during early stages of the ontogenesis. MCP 48177, 13.5 mm SL (top); MCP 48178, 18.8 mm SL (middle); UFRGS 19191, 19.4 mm SL (bottom).

FIG. 22 in The genus Stenoterommata Holmberg, 1881 (Araneae, Pycnothelidae) in the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest from Southeastern and Central Brazil: description of four new species

FIG. 22. — Habitat of Stenoterommata egric Ghirotto & Indicatti, n. sp.: A, savannic Cerrado with Atlantic Forest in the background, Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, similar to type locality; B, burrow of female paratype under stone; both from Ibitipoca mountain range, Lima Duarte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Photos: Victor M. Ghirotto.

FIG. 21 in The genus Stenoterommata Holmberg, 1881 (Araneae, Pycnothelidae) in the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest from Southeastern and Central Brazil: description of four new species

FIG. 21. — Stenoterommata egric Ghirotto & Indicatti, n. sp., females, spermathecae, dorsal view: A, paratype CAD 781. B, paratype CAD 782. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIG. 20 in The genus Stenoterommata Holmberg, 1881 (Araneae, Pycnothelidae) in the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest from Southeastern and Central Brazil: description of four new species

FIG. 20. — Stenoterommata egric Ghirotto & Indicatti, n. sp., female body, paratype, CAD 781: A, carapace, dorsal view; B, cephalothorax, ventral view; C, D, abdomen, dorsal view (C), ventral view (D). Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIG. 18 in The genus Stenoterommata Holmberg, 1881 (Araneae, Pycnothelidae) in the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest from Southeastern and Central Brazil: description of four new species

FIG. 18. — Stenoterommata egric Ghirotto & Indicatti, n. sp., male holotype, body: A, carapace, dorsal view; B, cephalothorax, ventral view; C, D, abdomen, dorsal view (C), ventral view (D). Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIG. 19 in The genus Stenoterommata Holmberg, 1881 (Araneae, Pycnothelidae) in the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest from Southeastern and Central Brazil: description of four new species

FIG. 19. — Stenoterommata egric Ghirotto & Indicatti, n. sp., male holotype: A-D, left palpal bulb, ventral view (A), prolateral view (B), retrolateral view (C), dorsal view (D); E, left palp, prolateral view; F, right palp, retrolateral view (mirrored); G, left leg I, retrolateral view; H, left chelicera, prolateral view; I, serrula on maxilla, anterior view; J, left bulb embolus, detail on ventral view (not dorsal to better show details). Scale bars: A-H, 0.5 mm; I, J, 0.1 mm.

FIG. 16 in The genus Stenoterommata Holmberg, 1881 (Araneae, Pycnothelidae) in the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest from Southeastern and Central Brazil: description of four new species

FIG. 16. — Stenoterommata chavarii Ghirotto & Indicatti, n. sp., female paratype, CAD 776: A, spermathecae, dorsal view; B, lateral view, detail. Scale bar for both figures: 0.5 mm.

FIG. 17 in The genus Stenoterommata Holmberg, 1881 (Araneae, Pycnothelidae) in the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest from Southeastern and Central Brazil: description of four new species

FIG. 17. — Collecting site of Stenoterommata chavarii Ghirotto & Indicatti,n. sp.: A, B, Atlantic Forest (semideciduous forest), near Jardim Botânico Rubião Júnior (A), Fazenda Experimental Edgárdia (B), both from Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. Photos: A, Rafael P. Indicatti; B, João L. Chavari.

FIG. 15 in The genus Stenoterommata Holmberg, 1881 (Araneae, Pycnothelidae) in the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest from Southeastern and Central Brazil: description of four new species

FIG. 15. — Stenoterommata chavarii Ghirotto & Indicatti, n. sp., female body, paratype, CAD 776: A, carapace, dorsal view; B, cephalothorax, ventral view; C, D, abdomen, dorsal view (C), ventral view (D). Scale bars: 1 mm.